Gaides 
i] 
Gainsbo- 
rough. 
GAt 
out, as it seems.to have been in the time of Pliny, into 
a number of channels. Distance from Tunis 57 1 
south, from Wood-riffe three leagues, and from Ella« 
maite 12 leagues. _ The baths of Gabs, or the Aguas 
Tacapitanas, are situated at Elhammah, about four 
leagues to the westward of Gabs, and are described by 
Shaw. East Long. 10° 2’, North Lat. 34°, See. Sey- 
lax, Perip. p. 46; Ptolemy, lib. iv. cap. 8 ; Pliny, lib. v. 
cap. 4; lib, xviii. cap. 22 ; Strabo, lib. xvii. p. 1188 ; 
and Shaw’s Jravels in Barbary and the Levant, chap. 
iv. p: 213. 
GADES.. See Capiz. 
GADOLINITE. See Mineraroey. 
GADUS. See IcutuyoLoey. 
GAEL... See Certs. 
GAERTNER. See History of Botany, p. 34. 
GAETA, or Gareta, the Cajeta of the ancients, is 
the name of a sea port town of Italy, in the kingdom 
of Naples, and province of Lavora. It is situated on a 
peninsula, which is joined to the mainland. by a nar- 
row isthmus. .The fortress, which was erected by Fer- 
dinand II. of Arragon, stands upon the rocky promon- 
tory ; and when seen from.Mola,. it forms a very stri- 
king object, with its white ramparts presenting to the 
eye, one above the other, its stages of angles and bat- 
teries. The sea floats into its moats, which are both 
broad and deep, Its harbour, which is well described 
by Homer, still exhibits. the same character, It was 
anciently repaired 5: Antoninus Pius... The streets of 
the town are neatly built and well paved; the houses 
are built on porticos; and the general. appearance of 
the town is lively within, and picturesque without. 
«© The cathedral,” says Mr Eustace, “ thoughnot large, 
nor highly decorated, is well proportioned, well light- 
ed, and, by the elevation of the choir, admirably calcu- 
lated for public worship. The font is a fine antique 
vase of white marble, with basso relievos, representing 
Athamas, Ino with a child in her arms, and a group 
of Bacchantes. The sculptor was an Athenian ; but 
such a vase is better calculated for a gallery of an- 
tiques than for the plice where it now stands., Oppo- 
site the great portal of the cathedral rises: an antique 
column, marked with the names of the winds in Greek 
and Latin. 
The tomb of Munatius Plancus stands, upon a bold 
eminence, on the neck of land. which joins the penin- 
sula to the continent. Like that of Adrian, it is round, 
stripped of its. marble casing, and converted into a 
tower with battlements.. The gulf abounds with fish, 
particularly sturgeon, from which. caviar, is made. 
Gaeta is the see of a bishop, suffr of Capua, Dis- 
tance from Naples 40 miles north west’; from Mola 
four miles by land and two by water, East Long. 
13° 28’, North Lat. 41915’. See Homer Odyss. x. 107 ; 
and Eustace’s Travels, vol..i. p. 475. 
GAGE. See Pneumatics. 
GAINSBOROUGH, a town of England, in the 
county of Lincoln, is pleasantly. situated on the eastern 
bank of the Trent, which here separates Lincolnshire 
from Nottinghamshire. The town is clean, well paved 
and hehted, and. consists chiefly,.of \one long street 
parallel to the river. The principal. public buildings 
are the, church, the town-hall, the old-hall or pa- 
lace, the theatre, and the bridge. The.chureh; which 
is an irregular building, in a very bad style of ar- 
chitecture, was lately rebuilt at the expence of the in- 
habitants. The pulpit cloth and cushions are made of 
crimson brocade velvet, trimmed with gold; and they 
are made of materials which were taken in 1743 at the 
68 
GAL 
baba phi Ipcisingen The ‘town-hall, which is situated 
in the market-place, is a brick edifice, with shops bes 
low it and the jail: it is used occasionally as an as- 
sembly room. The ‘old -hall or palace is» a Gothic 
mansion, situated at the north-west end of. the: town. 
It consists. principally’ of oak. timber) framing; and 
forms three sides of 'a quadr: open. to the south; 
It has a tower 78, feet high, andthe whole building 
was about 600 feet, square. » The moats/with which it 
was once surrounded’ are ‘still visible. . It is mow cons 
verted into apartments) for families... The theatre: isoa 
small but very handsome modern. building... The bridge, 
which is very elegant, ‘consists of three elliptical,arches. 
_ It was completed in 1791; and, being» private property, 
a toll is exacted. There are several meeting-houses in 
the town, and some good charity schools,’ This:town 
has a small share in the Baltic trade, and it carries on 
a considerable trade in corn. and. other»commodities 
to and from the coast. Vesselsof 150/tons burden can 
come to the town with the tide. .'The'trade of Gains- 
borough is greatly facilitated by the Readley Canal, 
which opens a communication, with Yorkshire ; me? 
the Chesterfield. Canal a communication is opened wi 
the counties of Nottingham and Derby. r 
About five miles to the south-east’ of Gainsborough 
are vestiges of the city of Sidnacester. On a ridge 
along the banks of the Trent; about half a mile to the 
north of Gainsborough, are some embankments called 
the, Castle Hills. The central éncampment contains an 
area of 510 feet in circuit, and: is surrounded: by a 
double fosse and vallum. The circular part appears to. 
have been a Roman work, and the rest is Danish, 
Horse races are annually held at Gains! 
The following is the statistical abstract for the town 
and parish in 1811: 
Inhabited liousés'*-" ESS 
Number of families. . . . . . « «© 1227 
Families employed in agriculture . . . 49 
Ditto in trade and manufactures 628 
Males . Pate ean ie ahs ei 2446 
Memes Uo a ek nee 2746 
Total population . . . . 5172 
See the Beauties of England and Wales, vol. ix. p. 
671. 
GALANGAL is the name of a medicinal root, and 
the produce of a plant of the same name. There are 
two kinds ef galangal, the t and the small; the 
last of which is generally held:in the greatest estima- 
tion. The great galangal is a tough woody root, about 
1} inch thick. It is whitish withm and brown with- 
out, and has a thin bark, covered with rings or circles 
about one-fourth of an inch distant. It/has a bitterish 
and a somewhat aromatic: taste: The small galangal, 
which is superior in all its qualities to the galan- 
gal, is a much shorter and smaller root, of an irregular 
form. It is commonly the size of the little finger, be- 
ing seldom more’ than half’an inch thick, and two 
inches long. It is of a pale red colour, with a small 
admixture of brown on the inside, and of a brownish- 
red colour onthe outside, and is surrounded ‘with ma- 
ny circular rings, that project a little: beyond the rest 
of the surface, It is/not heavy, but its texture is firm 
and compact. It cuts with difficulty with a knife, and 
leaves a polished surface. Small galangals must be cho- 
sen full and. plump, of a bright: colour, compact and 
sound, and leaving an ail and* unsupportably hot 
taste. 
The permanent duty upon galangals is £1, 8s. per 
