GAL 77 
the quantity of sold at the East India Company's 
parry anal to 1808, with their prices. 
‘ a Aver. Price| 
March Sale. | Sept. Sale. Total. per Cwt 
| Years. Cwt.| Price. Cwt.| Price | Cwt| Price. |Z. & a 
11804} 330) £2006) 54 £362! '§84| £2368/6 3° 9 
1805| 71| . 559| 594) 3666 665) 422516 7 0 
1806] 13 805! 186] 1167] 323]: 1972/6 2 1 
1807 1086, 6611) 131] 665)1170, 72766 4 4 
1808] 655! 3673) 321) 1721 9761 §394'5 10 6 
Twenty cwt, of galls are allowed to the ton. See 
Olivier’s Travels in Persia, and the articles Dyerne, 
. 243; Ink, and Veceraste Puysiotocy; and Mil- 
rn’s Oriental Commerce, vol.-i. p. 137. 
GALLE, Port pr, is a town in the island of Cey- 
lon, being the third in point of size, built upon a lon 
rocky promontory, The fort is about a mile and a half 
in circuit, and is situated upon a neck of land, and al- 
most surrounded by the sea, The works are extensive 
and strong, but it is overlooked by some adjacent emi- 
‘ences. The rooms are large and bricked, the walls 
are thick, and the ceilings boarded. The houses in the 
fort are spacious and comfortably furnished. That of 
the commandant is very. extensive. The Europeans 
live chiefly in the fort, but there are some good large 
houses built abdut it, and extending « the shore 
to the southward. The Cin live in s and 
hamlets scattered about in all directions. The houses 
‘both in the town and at the harbour are better than 
bx of fiaryer aie The fort is isoned by two 
or three companies of Eur s; half a com of 
artillery, ded a native battalion, The mranerdn Bat 
teries completely command the approach by water. They 
are in the old fashioned style, elevated on walls. The 
harbour, particularly the outer road, is spacious, and, ex~ 
cepting in a south-west wind, the inner harbour is se- 
eure. The entrance to it is narrow. The’ part of the 
bason which is land-locked is very small, but it secures 
a landing free from surf, which, according to Lord 
Valentia, beats with prodigious violence on the rocks 
‘that form the extreme end of the peninsula, On one 
‘of these rocks is erected the flag-staff, which therefore 
‘stands without the fort. A canal hasbeen dug between . 
the bay and a small river, for the purpose of conveying 
‘timber fromthe interior. It is, however, now in ruins. 
* We had here,” says Lord Valentia, “ excellent yams, 
“good sallading, and cucumbers. The fruits were bad, 
“mangoes, guavas, custard apples, cocoa nuts, varieties 
“of oranges, some of which were black on the outside, 
and ers the true mandarin, shaddocks, &c. The 
mutton is indifferent; but the beef, the poultry, the 
bread, and the fish are excellent. At Galle is ‘a neat 
manufacture of tortoise shell.” The coast and the sur- 
rounding country is very mountainous. The greatest 
+ et of rain falls between November and February. 
Arrack, oil; , cotton, and cardamoms, are among: 
its exports. East Long. 80° 20’, and North Lat. 6° 4’. 
See -Percival’s Account ‘of Ceylon, and Valentia’s Tra- 
-vels, Vol. i. p. le 
GALL, ST, is the name of a town in Switzerland, 
‘and the capital of a canton of the same name. It de- 
rives its name from the dneient abbey of St Gall, si- 
‘tuated within the walls of the town. " The town is si- 
“tuated between two mountains, upon the small brook of 
Steinach. The seat of the cantonal government is in 
the chateau of the abbey. ‘The Catholic clergy inha- 
‘Swiss and German reformers. 
“principle as- 
“are ‘princi 
viz. the Rhine, the Tamin, the 
GAL 
bit the monastery, which contains the library of the 
convent, now the library of the canton. It contains 
sry valuable manuscripts relative to the history of the 
middle ages. ‘The town library, which contains that of 
Vadianus, is kept in the college, which was founded in 
1598. The collection of Vedienus contains, many pre~ 
‘cious manuscripts, among which is a chronicle compre- 
hending 13 folio volumes of letters of the most celebrated 
This library also pos- 
sesses a cabinet of petrifactions, collected in the nei 
bouring country. There is a collection of paint- 
ings and prints in the house of M. de Gonzenbach, and 
a cabinet of natural history in that of Doctor Zollikofer. 
St Gall has always been celebrated as a manufac- 
turing town. In the 13th century, great quantities of 
linen cloth were manufactured) here, and at the epoch 
of the Council of Constance, 1414—1418, such crowds 
of workmen from that city settled in St Gall, that it be- 
“came necessary to enlarge the town. The principal ar- 
ticles of manufacture, are linen goods, muslin; and cotton 
-eloth. ‘The inhabitants of Swabia; and of the mountains 
of Breghentz, were employed in 7 ape and: embroi- 
all 
dery by the manufacturers ‘of St/Gall ; and towards the 
end of the 18th’ century, ‘the number ‘of embroiderers 
amounted to 30,000 or 40,000. ‘The price‘‘of :a piece 
of muslin richly embroidered in gold or silver; some- 
times amounted to 60 Louis. The muslins embroider- 
ed in white are generally fabricated out of the town in 
the cottages of the forest: of Breghentz. About. the 
beginning ‘of the present'century, spinning machines, 
Jike those ‘used in this country, were erected in St Gall, 
and in’a few years a great number of these machines 
-were in full activity, in consequence of the exclusion of 
English manufactures from the continent. All the en- 
virons of St Gall are covered with bleaehfields. 
The most interesting promenades and prospects at St 
Gall, are’‘near the convent of Notkerseck ; at Vogli- 
seck, about a league from the town; at the Chateau of 
Warteck, from which there is a view of almost all the 
lake of Constance ; and at the Chateau of Dottenwyl. 
The bridge’ of St.Martin is' well worthy of attention. 
It is built over a wild gorge upon the Goldach, It is the 
work of en oh and is constructed upon the same 
e'famous bridges of Schauffhausen, Wet- 
tinge and Reichenau. Population of the town 9,000, 
“GALL, St, Canton of, one of the largest.cantons of 
Switzerland, extends from the lake of Constance to that 
of Zurich, and almost to Kunkelsberg on the confines of 
the Grisons. It contains forty square geographical 
miles, or nearly 111 square leagues. Independently of 
the capital, it iw nine towns and 15 convents, of which 
11 are female ones. In the districts of Sargans, Utz- 
nach, Upper Tockenbourg, and Rhinthal, which contain 
mountains from 7000 to 8000 feet high, the ge 
ly employed in rearing cattle. In the 
other districts, viz. that of St Gall, Gossau, Lower Tocken- 
bourg, and Roschach, there are many fine hills and cul- 
tivated mountains, with vallies covered with corn fields, 
vineyards and orchards. The canton of St Gall con- 
-tains a small-portion of the lakes of Zurich and Con 
stance, the greater part of that of Wallenstadt, and 
some small lakes situated inthe Alps. Ithas 10 rivers, 
sas the Seez; the 
Linth, the Thour, the Necker, the Glatt, the Sitter, and 
the Steinach. Population in 1803, 180,301, of whom 
nearly one half are Catholics. 
GALLEONS. See Acaputco ‘and Spain. 
GALLICIA: See Gauicia. 
GALLIC ‘Acip.- See Cnemistry, p. 61. 
Gall 
Gallic. 
—— 
