and most flou- 
nik contains 
for its mines 
adore i t Ca into 
range of Mount Caucasus in 
info the Kur.at the, town of Ta 
achalir, , whic origmmates m the 
ich; the river Alosan, the same 
Georgia, is Teflis... This city lies in 
Fes ney imamronia Sher 
versts. . It is. situated,on the N. W. si 
in at Karajoes, at the foot, of a hill, and 
pies both banks of the Kur, oyer which there is a 
: It is called Thelestokar, (warm town,) from 
the warm baths in its neighbourhood, and was found- 
ed, according to an old inscription.in: the citadel, by a 
in prince Surang in the year.1063. Before it was 
te by a aed ‘an, in a Aaihgontained 
4000. houses,.. and. 22, »» The_ greater 
art of the houses are still standing, and areneatly built; 
the population basipulieted a reduction of not less 
7000 souls, While Georgia was an independent 
: is, was. for pate heer residence of its 
i t that of the Russian 
le 
bu 
_of 
ftate, Tefl 
prince, is. It,is at pre 
>vernor and commander in chief, who has at all times 
a lange force stationed in. the city... These troops are 
artered. in the houses of the inhabitants, a circum, 
which is far, from being agreeable to them, and 
d.to. the most unpleasant consequences, as ha- 
e same ideas, with regard to their women as are 
erally, prevalent among the eastern nations ; 
are naturally. inimical, in an-extreme. degree, to 
ny arrangement which may have the effect of exposing 
me e view and to the fuuniliarity, of strangers, 
palgas the only 
ame 
stance 
fnay 
* 
brat i Kaen which is worthy. of 
| There, are, howe 
ty. | dhe ver,.. several 
ance in themselves, have, acquired an interest as being 
the chief military, positions, occupied by, the Russians 
in the course of their recent rapid encroachments to- 
wards the frontiers of Persia._In_ the province of Ka- 
and about 16 miles to the N. E, of Teflis, is Man- 
hp ys Hea i gran etna Kudala, 
» and Magara, in the same province, though 
ed vi Gori is. a. small, town-near. the 
othe ur. gin ope et pd the. western 
of Kartel, towards Kariska, and stands on the 
4 being, defended by a strong hill fort. 
near the junction of the Kur and the Arakui 
of the,,city of Tsgetta, which has a 
olt»issupposed to have been 
GEORGIA. 
ourishing cities, are now reduced to the state of 
245 
of the Arakui, contains nothing remarkable but an old 
stone church, ‘and aconvent in ruins. Akdall stands 7 4% 
on the river Tebete, a city once famed for its beautiful 75,,% 
buildings, and where are still to be seen the splendid 
remains of the palace of Prince Allodius, Old and 
New Kremm are well situated towns, of which, how- 
ever, the Pe ulation is now greatly diminished. The 
fortress of Tellow is imp’ le to an enemy unpro- 
aie with artillery, Bembeek is a small town, capi- 
fal of a district of the same name, situated in. the 
Southern part of the state, About 70 miles farther to 
the westward is Gaucha, Both of these, from their 
contiguity to the Persian province of Erivan, are prin- 
cipal military stations of the Russians in Georgia, : 
The provinces. into which the Georgian state is di- pistory. 
vided formerly constituted different principalities, which 
were governed by their own princes, in subordination to 
the Persian empire. Amidst the shocks that were af- 
terwards sustained by that. power, these took the op- 
portunity of renderig themselves eddapebslem ts and 
the authority which had been for a time lodged in se- 
‘parate hands, was ultimately engrossed by Prince He- 
raclius alone of the Kakhettian dynasty. -This prince 
or czar, who is celebrated for his bravery and. other 
t qualities, as well as for the important part which 
1e acted during the disturbances that agitated Persia 
after the death of Tamas Kuli-Khan, submitted; in- the 
year 1783, to the Russian empire, thus voluntarily sa- 
salicng, for the sake of protection, that independence 
which his exploits. seemed to, have'secured, Notwith- 
standing, however, his close allianee with this power, he 
was forced, in 1787, to renounce his commection with it, 
and to acknowledge himself tributary to the Porte. More 
recently the Russian interest has again prevailed, and 
the sons of Prince Heraclius, having been deprived of 
their inheritance, the whole of this delightful-province 
became subject to the dominion of the Russian emperor. 
In February 1801 it was, by a public ukase; united to 
his dominions. On the accession of Alexander, the 
same .year,, the annexation. was’ confirmed, and next 
year (1802) formally announced to the Georgians. The 
rovinces of Kartel and Kaket have, since that period, 
een divided into, five districts, viz. Ghori, Thelawi, 
Duschethi, Lori, andSsignaghi.. The presidencies in the 
courts of judicature are intrustedto-native Georgians, 
and civil causes decided, according to the laws of the 
countty.. In 1803 Prince Zizianow took the command 
of the Russian forces in Georgia, and soon after reduced 
the Sesgians of Belucan, and: Dschari. — It was in this 
jyear that the widow of King Georgi, the last. of the 
-Georgian sovereigns, stabbed the Russian major-general 
Lasarew, when imparting to her the emperor's com- 
mand \to, repair to: Russia. In 1804.Gandscha was 
taken. by storm, and Solomon, \ King. of Imerethi, 
placed himself and his dominions under the protection 
of Russia... About the same time, a small force was 
detached to occupy Mingrelia, which’ had submitted in 
1803. 
An expedition. was undertaken’ against the Persian 
province of Armenia, and Prince Zizianow, after some 
important. successes, formed the blockade of Erivan. 
The, Persians; however, being suddenly’and strongly 
reinforced, compelled him to abaridon the enterprise, 
and to confine his future operations to the frontiers of 
Georgia. He chastised the Ossetes, and added ‘Neichi 
and Schuschi to the imperial. dominions. 
The annual revenue of the: province, is: 800,000 ru- 
bles, which is partly expended in the salaries of civil 
‘officers, | The surplus: has been. hitherto generously! con+ 
