Gesner 
Bet 
Ghent. 
matic pieces, Evander and Erastus. 
GHE 
ed by a volume of Idyls, in 1756; the Death of Abel, 
1758 ; a collection of his poems, in four volumes, 1762, 
including The First Navigator, which was always a fa- 
author, and the two dra- 
In 1772, he pub- 
lished a second volume of Idyls, with a letter on land- 
vourite production with 
-scape painting, addressed to M. Fiissli. 
When about thirty years of age, Gesner married 
Mademoiselle Heidegger, a young lady endowed with 
rare accomplishments of mind and person. Finding, 
however, that the resources of his pen were inadequate 
to the support of a family, he resolved to apply more 
seriously than ever to his favourite art of landscape 
painting, in which he ultimately attained a very high 
degree of excellence. Indeed, his pictures have been 
by some esteemed superior to his poems. He died on 
the 11th of March, 1787, at his country seat in the forest 
of Sihl. A monument, on which Nature and Poetry 
are represented weeping over his urn, was erected to 
his memory by some of his fellow-citizens, on a charm- 
ing spot in his favourite walk, near the confluence of 
the Sihl and the Limmat. 
The works of Solomon Gesner are too well known 
to require any particular notice. His poetry is all of 
the sentimental kind; and he excels especially in the 
description of natural:scenery. He is undoubtedly the 
first writer of pastorals in modern times; and it is not 
the least of his merits, that his productions uniformly 
breathe a spirit of purity highly favourable to inno- 
cence and virtue. In private life, he was modest, in- 
genuous, and amiable; and the cheerfulness and natural 
gaiety of his temper, combined with great goodness of 
heart, endeared him toa numerous circle of friends. (2) 
GHAUTS is a name which properly signifies a pass 
through a range of lofty hills, but it has been extended 
todesignate the mountainous chains which support the 
centrical table land in the south of India. 
The Eastern Ghauts commence in N, Lat. 11° 20 to 
the north of Caverey, and stretch nearly and almost unin- 
terruptedly in a straight line to the banks ofthe Khris- 
na, in N. Lat. 16°, separating the two Carnatics, which 
are named the Carnatic Balaghaut, or above the Ghauts, 
and the Carnatic Payeenghaut, or below the Ghauts. 
The greatest height of this ridge, which. is about the 
latitude of Madras, is nearly 3000 feet. 
The Western Ghauts, or Hills of Sukkien, extend from 
Cape Comorin to the Tuptee, or Surat River, where 
they leave their southerly elevation, and bend eastward 
in a waving line parallel to the river, till they are lost 
among the hills near the river Boorhanpoor. With the 
exception of a single opening, 16 miles wide, which 
admits the Paniany, the Western Ghauts include 13 de- 
grees of latitude. Their distance from the coast is 
eommonly 40 miles, and seldom more than 70. 
GHEE is the name of a kind of clarified butter, 
made from the milk of buffaloes. It may be preserved 
sweet for a considerable time, and forms a great article 
of commerce in various parts of India. It is generally 
put up in duppers or bottles made of hides, each con- 
taining from 10 to 40 gallons. In some parts of Ben- 
gal the price varies from "to 8 seers for a rupee. 
_ GHENT, or Gand in French, Gandavum in La- 
tin, is a town in the Netherlands, and formerly capital 
of Austrian Flanders. It is advantageously situated at 
the:conflux of the rivers Scheldt, Lis, Moere, and Lieve, 
which intersect it in various directions, and divide the 
town into 26 small islands. The town is encircled with 
walls about 15 miles in circumference, comprehending 
numerous corn fields and gardens, Many of the houses 
258 
are excellently built ; some of the streets are agg G 
GHI 
well paved, and the market places are 
one of these is a statue erected to the Em 
f hestioatete d Sean pa) 
ve; one O' esis. pert joe 
are the library, the academy of and the botanic 
garden, which is tiful. 
Ghent communicates -with 
with Ostend, by means of the canal which was’ 
in 1613, and with the western Scheldt by the Saas-de- 
Gand, by means of another canal. The principal arti- 
cles of commerce in Ghent are French wines, grain, 
flax, hemp, and colza for the manufacture of oil. ‘The 
manufacture of linen cloths is carried on to a great ex- 
tent in this town and its neighbourhood. _Twilts for 
beds, table linen, and lace, are also made here to a great 
extent. There are likewise manufactures of glue, wool- 
len stuffs, cottons, soap, paper, vinegar, tobacco, hats, 
and stockings, besides refineries of sugar and salt, Po- 
pulation 58,000, ‘ 
GHERIAH, or Corepatam, isa sea-port of Hin- 
dostan, in the county of Concan. The fort stands 
on a rocky promontory, about one mile long, and a 
uarter of a mile broad. This promontory is joined to 
the continent by a narrow neck of land, beyond which, 
where the ground expands, is a large open town. On 
the neck of land are docks where grabs are built and 
repaired. The river runs inia south-w directi 
and washes the north side of the town, the neck of land, 
and the promontory. The point, which bounds the en- 
trance on the south side, is. igh and broad, and is situa- 
ted in 73° 25’ East Long. ‘The fort consists of a double 
wall, with round towers ; the inner wall being several 
feet higher than the outer one. The harbour is’ 
good, without any bar, and has at its entrance a apt 
of from five to seven fathoms, and from three to four 
fathoms at low water. Vessels are here completely 
sheltered from every wind. 
This town was formerly the capital of Angria the 
Pirate. In 1756 it was taken by the British fleet under 
Admiral Watson, who found in it 200 pieces. of cannon, 
six brass mortars, great quantities of military and naval . 
stores, and money and effects to the amount of £125,000, 
Angria’s fleet was also destroyed, and the town was 
given up to the Mahrattas, in whose possession it has 
since continued. Latitude of Gheriah point 16° 31’ Nz 
See Milburn’s. Oriental Commerce, vol. i. is 
ch to be- 
h-east. it 
west shore of the 
Caspian Sea, from Kizi 
yond Rudizar. 
On the south and 
Shirvan, and on the west by Azerbijan. It ext s 
about 200 miles from north to south, and 150 from west — 
to east.. This province, which is one.of the most beau- 
tiful and picturesque in Persia, is encircled with lofty and ; 
almost inaccessible mountains, and like Mazanderaun — 
is intersected with forests. and morasses. There ate — 
1 7 
‘ j 
GHILAN, or Kizan, the Gela of the ancients, isa 
province of Persia, which stretches along the south- — 
bounded by Irak and Mazanderaun, on the north by _ 
