— 
sgow, who, till this period, had principally looked 
‘or a vent for their googls to the demands of. fade asm 
export merchants, n n to open a more extensive 
_ Sale to London and other parts of England, and going 
“over to the continent, formed»connections with almost 
sas Popenat a of Europes ©. i ; 
‘number of cotton. mills belonging-to Glasgow, 
situated in the.town and.different parts of the country, 
is 52, The spindles in, these are calculated at 511,200 ; 
_and the capital employed in the buildings, machinery, 
‘and in carrying on Gas mariutachire, at about £1,000,000. 
Two of these 08 not yet finished, and now filling 
_ With machin 18! ), will cost £50,000 each. 
The fiat plant works were established. at a dis- 
_tance from town, for the convenience of water for the 
“machinery ; as the Badindalloch and Down mills, which 
an. Stirlingshire, the Catrine mills in Ayrshire, the 
_Lanark mills, and the Rothsay mills in the island of 
«Bute, all the property of houses in Glasgow. 
No positive estimate of the amount of the cotton ma- 
~ nufacture, in all its branches, can be given ; but some 
_facts may be mentioned, from which an idea of its ex- 
‘tent will be derived. 
‘Belonging to Glasgow there are eighteen works for 
weaving by power, which contain 2800 looms, produ- 
ing about 8400 pieces of cloth weekly. The number 
_ of hand looms employed by the manufacturers of Glas- 
»gow, at this date, appear, upon a pretty careful inves- 
Figstion;’ to be abben 92600. 
__ There are eighteen calico printing works belonging to 
‘Glasgow ; and there has lately been added to this branch, 
“an extensive manufacture of Bandana handkerchiefs, in- 
troduced by Messrs Henry Monteith, Bogle and Compa- 
“ny, the cloth for which, being dyed a fine turkey red, the 
gg} is afterwards produced, by dischargitig the co- 
our of the figure by a chemical process, : 
g. Thereare 17 calendering houses in Glasgow, contain- 
‘ing 39 calenders moved by steam, which execute more 
‘than four times the quantity of work performed by the 
‘same machinery when moved by horses. One of these 
‘houses employs 119 hands in calendering and folding 
the goods; and the whole of these establishments are 
able to calender in a day 118,000 yards, besides dress- 
116,000 not calendered, and glazing 30,000. 
——_ ere are nine iron founderies in , and se- 
extensive works for making steam engines, with 
‘the machines and machinery required for the different 
ema of manufacturing. It was not before the year 
~ 1778 or 1779 that the power of the steam engine, ‘in 
- ence of Mr Watt's inestimable improvements, 
‘and it was many years after that period, before it was 
t into general use. There are now 73 steam 
nes in Gilesisbwts and the immediate suburbs, of 
ih x of from four to fifty horsés employed in the 
. erent processes of manufactures. 
ots of The war of Migs beving fora fimoe brought into our 
it India possession the West India colonies of the other European 
uc states, | Wee teh tae Chalsof Glasgoe obtained a 
large share of. the trade which this circumstance threw 
into the hands of this country. The connection with 
“Demerara in particu ', Which it them the means 
‘ get | valuable, and is now likely to be 
. The imports of West India produce into the 
lyde, for the three last years, have been as follows. 
¥ 
Me ai a 4a 6 oglBl2 1813. 1824. 
i _.: Hogsheads see + « 28862 36037 . 40004 
ie PO RIBROLB 0 iv Je, 0! a0 y050 sep 4038 . 3712 
‘ “! Barrels ee ee . Z . 7248 5282 
Boxes......... 100 2660 8703 
VOL. X. PART I. 
GUASGOW? 
as found to be applicable to manufacturing operations; - 
‘to those which it alr 
305 
1812 1813. 1814. Glasgow. 
pceas & Hogsheads 53 141150 Fommerce 
Leeward {Puncheotis 4690 7567. 7419 freuires. 
Islands QHogsheads 44 23 69 
Casks 2.0.04...) 5095 19925 16251 
Coffee } bare ste ee vee 928 5884 8107 
Bags. 6.4: Lie. 1927 + 85828° 59237 
The removal of the royal family of Portugal to Ame-~ 
rica, having opened the trade of the Brazils to foreign- 
ers, the m nts of Glasgow immediately formed 
establishments there, and have continued since to have 
@ profitable intercourse with that country, _ Establish- 
ments were also.made at Buenos. Ayres and the Carac- 
cas, aS soon as these of America began to assert 
their independence ; but the commerce with these states 
has hitherto been fluctuating and hazardous, from the 
‘situation in'which their affairs have been Kept. 
Upon the conclusion of the* peace’ of 1783, an Trade with 
intercourse was opened by the ierchants of Glasgow America. 
with the different states of the Amerivan Union’; 
and the introduction of the cultivation of cotton 
wool, a few years after, into the southern states, 
furnished the means for a great increase of this trade. 
Indeed, without this new field to supply the quantity 
of the article which the growing demands of the ma- 
nufacturers required, and of the qualities suited to the 
different fabrics to’ be’ made, this important ‘branch of 
industry never could have reached that high state at 
which it has arrived.. The bringing home. this article 
for the manufactures of Glasgow, and sending out the 
returns, became a great trade, and led to the Dasetin 
of establishments for carrying on ‘this part of the bu- 
siness at Charlestown and: New Orleans. The imports 
of cotton-wool into the Clyde, for the last four years, 
have been as follows. , 
1812. 1813. 1814 1815. Imports of 
B - B Bi cotton wool 
Charlestown and Savannah 5358 ror or 9014 7g 
New Orleans .......° 2586... wnt 
Other American ports .. 1971 38234 1859 27387 
MREOEAs/. b vo tl eehs “bers - 5099 7367 3168 1345 
Demerara... .....4.. 7316 5627 6957 8764 
West Indies ..........). ¢ 7475 11212. 9786. 2057 
Continent of Europe... 4 > 435 504 
Coastwise wi... += 8246 7194 16302 4786 
Besides the trade with these parts of America which 
have been mentioned, the merchants of Glasgow have 
large dealings ‘with Canada and Nova Scotia. 
he rapid progress making in the use of mechanical 
power in manufactures, is particularly favourable to the 
growing prosperity of Glasgow, from ‘the inexhausti- 
ble supply of coal it eueisisks for working machinery, 
This, with the advantage’ of water communication in 
every direction, renders it, almost more than any other 
place, fitted for carrying on manufactures of a heavy or 
bulky nature, and must have the effect to bring many 
new branches of industry of this description to be added 
y has. This city, then, pro- 
ducing thus a great variety of articles for exportation, 
and -catrying on, at the same time, 2 very extensive fo- 
reigh trade, seéms to combine all the isites to raise 
it to the highest commercial eminence. The revenue 
of the post-office at Glasgow, in the year 1781, was 
£4341:5;8; in 1814 it was £34,000. 
Connected with the commerce of GlasgoW is the in- Chamber of 
stitution of its Chamber of Commerce and, Manufac- Commerce. 
tures, the first establishment of the kind made in the 
island. ‘This association was incorporated by a royal 
o 
~Q 
