Graham of 
Claver- 
house, 
—_—— 
over a -deep river. 
“pass, or to obstruct the advance of the enemy, but deter- 
388 
commander living on the same coarse fare with them- 
. selves. * When he acted offensively, his approach was 
so rapid, as generally to outrun the notice of his move- 
ments; and in retreating, he was commonly out of reach 
before the enemy was apprized of his intention. His fol- 
-lowers were chiefly Highlanders from the interior, and 
‘were extremely impatient of delay in fighting. | It pro- 
‘ved on all accounts matter of regret, as the reinforcement 
‘from Ireland, on arriving at last inthe end of June, 
was found to consist of only five hundred raw and spi- 
ritless‘recruits. General Mackay had now determined 
to march through Athol, and attack the Castle of Blair, 
which had been taken by Dundee, and by him put into 
the hands of one of James’s adherents. Dundee, aware 
that the loss of this place would interrupt the commu- 
nication between the two divisions of the Highlands, 
determined to bring on the long delayed conflict, and 
marched southwards with a force considerably dimi- 
nished, many of the Highlanders having returned home 
to get in their fuel for the winter. In marching north- 
wards, General Mackay had to go through the pass of 
Killicrankie, a pass consisting of a road, where for two . 
miles not more than six or eight men could, at that 
time, go abreast. On the one hand are steep and 
rugged mountains ; on the other, a precipice hanging 
Dundee declined to occupy this 
mined to fight after Mackay had reached the northern 
side, in the hope that he might defeat him, and cut off 
his retreat by obstructing the pass. Mackay’s army 
marched from Dunkeld in the morning of the 16th of 
July; and after resting at the mouth of the pass, march- 
ed through it about noon. Arriving at the open ground 
on the farther side, they saw Dundee’s soldiers resting 
at a distance on the side of a hill, Mackay drew up 
his men in order, and wished to bring on the engage- 
ment without delay ; but Dundee knowing that night 
would be of advantage to the Highlanders, whether 
successful or defeated, delayed the attack till half an 
hour before sunset. At that time he made his: men 
zush down from their station, and begin the attack in 
a series of small columns on the wings ‘of the enemy, 
on the calculation that this mode of onset was’most 
likely to bring on an action hand to hand, in which he 
was certain of the superiority of the Highlanders. Such 
had been the disposition of the Marquis of Montrose 
at the battle of Alderne. Dundee’s plan was com- 
pletely successful ; his columns piercing, though not 
without considerable loss, through the opposing line 
in many places, and taking the soldiers in the flank 
and rear, in.a manner wholly unexpected by regular 
troops. ‘Of all Mackay’s men, in number 5000, the 
centre only, consisting of a regiment and a half, re- 
treated in good order. The restfled in confusion; and 
Dundee having mounted on horseback, pushed forward 
to point out to his men the manner of cutting off the 
“retreat of the enemy at the mouth of the pass. Per- 
ceiving in a little time that he had got a head of his 
followers, he stopped and waved ‘his arm in the air to 
make them hasten their pace, pointing with his hand 
to the pass as’ the object of their exertion. Being thus 
rendered conspicuous, ‘he became an object of aim to 
some of the enemy’s soldiers, and a musket ball found 
entrance beneath his arm pit, :in an opening of his ar- 
- Mour, occasioned by the elevation of his arm. He rode 
off the field, after desiring his misfortune to be eon- 
-cealed ; but no precautionary orders could make up for 
* He was accustomed to march on foot with his men, 
displaying his knowledge of their genealogies, 
GRAHAM. ‘ 
his absence, as the Highlanders, on falling in with the ¢ 
enemy’s baggage, gave over the pursuit, and betook 
themselves to plundering. 
army consequently effected their escape, though wi 
loss of 2500 men. The loss of the Hig! 
nearly 900. Many of the fugitives were killed or ta. 
ken by the Athol men, whom Dundee had the day be- 
fore ordered to be in readiness at the south-end of the 
ass. Mackay not daring to venture through it, took 
Ris course through the hills to the westward, whence 
looking back, and seeing no regular pursuit, he said 
to those around him, that he was sure the enemy had 
lost their general. A similar observation was made by 
King William, who hearing that the express sent to 
Edinburgh with the account of the defeat been de-. 
tained a day on the road, exclaimed, *‘ then Dundee 
must have fallen, for otherwise he would have been at 
Edinburgh before the express.” _Some days after, when 
William was urged to send a detachment of 
troops to Scotland, he replied, ‘‘ It is unn ; the 
war has ended with Dundee’s life.” After riding off 
the field, Dundee. had still strength sufficient to write 
an account of the action to King James. In this dis« 
patch, he anticipated a general insurrection in the coun- 
a in favour of the absent sovereign; an attempt in 
which Dundee might have obtained a degree of success 
similar to the Marquis of Montrose, had he been spared 
to follow up his victory. His wounds, however, were 
mortal, and he expired the next morning. 
Though the Highland army was kept together, and 
even descended during the next two years into the low 
country, nothing of importance was accomplished, and 
as William had predicted, there was little difficulty in 
concluding a peace. 
The estate of Lord Dundee was made over, after his 
death, to the house of Douglas; and his widow mar- 
rying again, and retiring to Holland, became, along 
with her children, the victim of a dreadful misfortune; 
the house in which she resided at Utrecht falling sud- 
denly in, and overwhelming the whole family in a few 
moments. The title of Dundee has not been revived. 
since the death of this distinguished commander. 
See Wodrow’s History of the Church of Scotland, 
vol. ii. p. 1; Defoe’s Memoirs, p.197; Swift's Life of 
Captain Creichton, p. 298. 
GRAHAME, James, best known as the author of 
the Sabbath, was the son of Mr Thomas Grahame, a 
highly respected writer, or attorney, in Glasgow. He 
was born.on the 22d day of April 1765. The i 
mildness, and the religious cast of his character, and of 
his pursuits in the latter part of his life, may be traced 
back to his training in infancy and youth, by a father 
and mother who were distinguished for their warm and 
enlightened attachment to Christianity, and for their 
chastened cheerfulness of temper and manners. Gra- 
hame’s minute and delicate discernment of the beauties © 
of nature, and his delight in observing all those nicer 
shades, which are unnoticed save by the contemplative 
eye and the feeling heart, probably had their source in 
his holiday enjoyments on the picturesque banks of the 
Cart. He and his elder brother were accustomed to 
pass, at his father’s summer residence, in this sweet re- 
tirement, those hours which are distinguished from all 
the other hours of life, by admitting not only of cessa- 
tion from study, but of carelessness of the past and fu- 
ture, mingled with the gay and ever-varying illusions 
of juvenile fancy. His education was at the 
at one time by the ‘side of one clan, and afterwards by that of another, 
and reciting the deeds of their ancestors. 
The remains. of Mecha: 
a 
was. 
c 
