- . GRINDING or Drugs. 
4 
4] 
17 
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GRI 
The glaciers of the Aar are rally visited by the 
Gitellers that cross the Gitnect In the month of Au- 
gust 1799, the French ascended the mountain, and, af- 
ter a severe conflict, drove the Austrians from their po- 
sition on its summit. See Ebel’s Manuel, Sc. 
-GRINDELWALD is the name of a village of Swit- 
zerland, in the canton of Bern. It is situated in a 
rich Alpine valley, at the height of 3150 feet above the 
level of the sea. The direction ofthe valley is N. E. 
and S. W. and it is encircled with lofty mountains. The 
Faulhorn, to the north of Grindelwald, is 8020 feet 
high ; the Wetterhorn, to the east, is 11,433 ; the Eiger, 
to the south, is 12,268. The Schreckhorn, to the south- 
east, is 12,530 feet; and the Jungfrau, to the S. S. W. 
is 12,840 feet. The valley is shut up at the north-east 
by the Scheideck, which is 6045 feet high. 
This valley is one of the most frequented in Switzer« 
land, both from its proximity to Berri, and from the fa- 
cility with which its two glaciers may be visited, 
These glaciers are parallel to each other, and are each 
about a league distant from the Inn. The smaller gla- 
cier forms an arm of the immense valley of ice which is 
situated between the Schreckhorn, the Viescherhorn, and 
the two Eigers. In the middle of this glacier there is 
a rock, almost vertical, on which the snow cannot rest, 
and which has, therefore, received the name of the 
warm rock. The surface of the glacier is extremely un- 
equal, and is formed into many splendid pyramids of 
ice. Near it is a wood of elder trees, where excellent 
strawberries may be gathered almost close to the ice. 
_ The great or upper glacier, almost entirely separated 
from the small one by the rocks of the Schreckhorn, lies 
between the Mettenberg and the Wetterhorn. Its an- 
cient limits were formed by a hill of debris, thirty feet 
high, and covered with pines of considerable height. 
In 1720, the glacier extended thus far, but it afterwards 
retired, and the space which it left was covered with 
trees. A new augmentation, however, which it expe- 
rienced in 1780, destroyed this wood. The torrent 
which flows from it is the Black Lutschinen. In this 
valley the traveller Sepia hears the thunders of the 
glaciers, and experiences the violence of the winds 
which issue from their crevices. 
. The road from Grindelwald to Meyringen, in the val- 
ley of Hasli, by the Scheideck, is extremely interest- 
ing. It is only a distance of seven leagues, and may be 
a on horseback without any danger, See 
bel’s Manuel, &c. 
See Druc-Miz. 
GRINDING anp Potisnine or Pirate Grass. See 
Grass, Sect. vi. p. 314. 
»» GRINDING or Lenses anp Mirrors for optical 
instruments. See Optics. 
» » GRINSTEAD, East, is a borough and market town 
of England, in Sussex. It is pleasantly situated on a 
hill, near the northern border of the county. The town 
isi ly built, but it contains many neat modern 
houses. The church, which stands on the east side of 
the main street, is aspacious and handsome structure. 
It has a lofty and well-proportioned tower, adorned 
with pinnacles at the corners. Sackville college, a large 
ieatesenlee stone building, stands at the east end of 
the town. It was built in 1616, as a charitable institu- 
tion for the support of 24 old of both sexes. A 
suite of rooms is set apart for the Duke of Dorset, who 
gave the use of them to the judges when the assizes 
were held here, There is here aneat chapel belonging 
517 
ei ter, 2} fect long, and one of its six faces 1} feet wide. 
1 It is now in the museum of Natural History at Paris. 
GRI 
to the college, and also a free school here for 12 boys. Grindstones. 
Population, in 1811, 2804. See Beauties of England =~ 
and Wales, vol. xiv. p. 150. 
GRINDSTONES, from the Latin Gyrandus, are cir- 
cular stones, a few inches thick, which are mounted on 
a aye pe age with a common winch, for the 
repens of grinding edge tools. When a great number 
of these stones sma daved by machinery Cor the pur- 
poses of cutlery, they are called blade mills or grind 
mills. Grindstones are formed of a gritstone, in which 
the grains of silex are firmly cemented to each other by 
a siliceous or other hard cement, the interstices not be- 
ing filled up as in other kinds of sand stone. The fol- 
lowing is a list of the grindstone quarries in England, 
with their degrees of fineness, drawn up, we believe, 
by Mr Farey for Dr Rees’s Cyclopedia : 
Ashover, N. W. (hill quarry) Derbyshire, middling. 
Beely Moor, E. of the town, Derbyshire, coarse, 
Belper, S. E. Brea RE Derbyshire, middling. 
Biddulph-Hall, N. W. of Leek, Staffordshire, coarse. 
Pres S. E. of Wolverhampton, Staffordshire, mid- 
ing. 
Bolsover, N. W. (nunnery). Derbyshire, middling. 
Bredsal Moor, N. of Derby, middling. 
Brinclif-edge, S. E. of Sheffield, Yorkshire, fine. 
Buxton, N. (Corbar) Derbyshire, fine. 
Darley Moor, E. of the town, Derbyshire, coarse. 
_Gate-head fell, 24 miles south from Chester Ward, 
° Glosep Derbysh 
, Derbyshire, coarse. 
Harthill, S. E. Yorkshire, fine. 
Hooton- Roberts, near Rotherham, York, middling. 
Horsley, N. of Derby, fine. 
* Lane-top, N. of Sheffield, Yorkshire, whitening. 
. Little-Eaton, N. of Derby, coarse. 
- Milford, S. of Belper, Derbyshire, coarse. 
Molecopt-hill, S. of Congleton, Cheshire, coarse, 
Morley-moor, N. of Derby, fine. 
Norton, W. (Hemp-yard lane) Derbyshire, fine. 
Overton (Gregory) in Ashover, Derbyshire, coarse. 
Polesworth, S, E. of Tamworth, Warwick. 
Purton, W. of Wolverhampton, Staffordshire, fine. 
Ridgeway (Lum-delph) in Eckington, Derbyshire; 
fine. 
Stanley, N. E. of Derby, fine. 
Stanton by Dale, E. of Derbyshire, fine. 
Stanton Moor, N. E. of Winster, Derbyshire, coarse. 
Therberg, near Rotherham, Yorkshire, fine. 
Treton, ditto, ditto, fine. 
Warton E. of Tamworth, Warwickshire. 
Wickersley, near Rotherham, Yorkshire, middling. 
Wokes, near Barnsley, Yorkshire. 
The most extensive grindstone quarries are those near- 
Gateshead. They are sent to all quarters of the globe 
under the name of Newcastle grindstones, and consti- 
tute a great branch of the trade of Newcastle and 
Gateshead. Z ; 
The explosion of grindstones when in motion is @ 
henomenon which has frequently happened, and which 
been attributed to the effect of the centrifugal force, 
and to the expansion of the wooden wedges. On the: 
8th June 1768, a very singular accident of this kind 
happened to acutler at Ivry-sur-Seine, near Paris, who 
was grinding kitchen utensils. The stone flew into 
the air apparently on fire, and burst into innumerable 
fragments, with a dreadful noise. One of the fragments, 
of about three pounds weight, flew over a buil 40 
feet high, and alighted 108 feet beyond it in the garden, 
where it broke the branch of a lime tree. Another 
