‘ 
(Gowwea, is a maritime district in the south-west part 
of Africa, to which various limits are assigned by dif- 
*S ferent nations. The Dutch consider it as extending 
from Cape Blanco, 21° North Lat, to Cape 2, in 
1° South Lat: making Sierra Leona, in By North Lat. 
the boundary between North and South Guinea. The 
uese include under the general name, the whole 
; of the coast from Cape Ledo or Tagrin, 8° North Lat. 
to Cape Negro, 16° South Lat. making Cape Lopez the 
division between Upper and Lower Guinea. Accord- 
‘<v French, ye 9 betwixt Cabo Monte, 
-114° West Long. and Cape Lopez ; and, by the Eng- 
lish, the tract between the mouth of the ttver Gambia, 
124°, and Cape Palmas, 4° North Lat. is called North 
Guinea; while South Guinea reaches from Cape Pal- 
mas to Cape Lopez. By the part of geogra- 
phers, Upper Guinea is limited to that part of the coast 
which runs from east to west about 500 leagues, com- 
ending Sierra Leona, Malaguetta, or the Grain 
‘oast, the Ivory Coast, the Gold Coast, the Slaye Coast, 
and the kingdom of Benin. Of Lower Guinea, in the 
more confined application of the name, extending from 
the kingdom o in to Cape Lopez, very little is 
known except the line of coast; and we have only to 
refer our readers to the map of Africa in this work, for 
the names and situations of its principal districts. The 
southern division, between Cape Lopez and Cape Ne- 
» has been ored, and occupied chiefly vy the 
: ortuguese ; and its different countries, Ancoua, BEN~- 
.GuBLA, Coneo Proper, and Loanao, are described un- 
der articles. It is to Upper Guinea, that our 
-attention is at present to be directed, and particularly 
_to that "aig of it which is generally denominated 
.Guinea Proper, comprehending the Ivory, Gold, and 
Slave Coasts, Brnin has. been already noticed ; and 
Sierra Leona will form the subject of a distinct article. 
Coast, Phe interior of the Grain country is very little known, 
-and its line of coast may be described in a few words. 
-It is sometimes called the Pepper Coast, and Malaguet- 
ta, from the long pepper of that name; but generall 
the Grain Coast, the grain of paradise with whic 
it abounds. It extends about 100: es from Cape 
Mesurado to the vicinity of Cape Palmas); and is in 
general low, flat, covered with forests, and watered by 
numerous streams, The Lgl ge places along the 
coast, are Rio Junco, or Rio del Punto, about 50 miles 
east of Cape .Mesurado, a shallow stream, about 500 
shooes broad at its entrance, flowing through a level and 
delightful tract of country, which is inhabited by a 
peaceable and industrious people, who are principally 
employed in making salt and cultivating rice, and who 
trade in cotton cloth, sea horse teeth, skins of wild 
beasts, and slaves ;—the country of the Foljas, or Pho- 
leys,,a powerful tribe, who are noted for the superior 
elegance of their speech, and whose territories are part- 
ly watered by the Junco;—Tabo-Dragon, a/large and 
populous village on the east bank of the Tabo, or Rio 
Corso, where the merchants of Dieppe established a 
factory ;—Rio Sestos, about 50 miles from Rio-Junco, 
said to be navigable by small barks for 25 miles, has 
several villages at its mouth and on its banks ; and the 
inhabitants, called Quabo-monon, are a pacific and well- 
proportioned race, subsisting oa millet, fruits, and fish ; 
SAT 
ie tt Maka et Oe ce oe 9 
—Sanguin, Baffa, Setuna, Batoua, cs Sino, Sestro- 
krou, Wappo, Great Sestro, &c. all villages along the 
coast, of which the last mentioned is the most populous, 
and most noted for its trade in pepper and ivory, and is 
situated near Rio das Escravas. The Grain Coast is 
erally bordered with shoals; and its staple commo- 
es ak pepper, leather, ivory, gold-dust, and 
aves. 
Guinea, 
—_—— 
The Ivory Coast extends about 110 leagues from west jyory Coasf. 
to east, from Cape Palmas to Cape Apollonia, in a low 
strait line, with few bays or islands; but a foul bot» 
tom and high surf prevent vessels from anchoring or 
landing upon any part of it with safety. Cape Palmas, 
formed by two hills covered with palms, in 4° 25’ North 
Lat, and 12° East Long. has a ‘small gulf behind it, 
where vessels may be sheltered from the south wind. 
Grova, a few miles eastward of Cape Palmas ; Tabo- 
Duno, where there is a commodious road for shipping ; 
Drevin Petri, a considerable village about 50 leagues 
east of Cape Palmas; Giron, on the border of a well- 
watered meadow; Lahou, a populous town frequented 
hy Europeans, and abounding in provisions, and from 
which, eastward to Cape et em the coast is com- 
monly called the country of the Quaquas ; Gammo, a 
— to which the inhabitants of the interior bring 
lown their articles of traffic ; Sueiro d’Acosta, where 
there is a small road for ships ; Issini, where the French 
built a fort at the beginning of ‘the 18th century ; As- 
soko, about five or six miles from the sea coast, and 
said to contain about 1000 inliabitants ; Albiani and 
Tabo, environed ‘with plantations of palm trees; Aka- 
ni Mina, in the vicinity of'Cape Apollonia, are the prin- 
cipal villages on the coast, and most of them are situ- 
ated on the borders of rivers. The soil of the lower 
“and maritime tracts produces cotton, indigo, cocoa nuts, 
fruits, rice, and other grain. The chief articles of trade 
are gold, ivory, salt, cotton, -wine, and oil. ‘ All 
sorts of tame animals, abound in the country ; and im- 
mense numbers of elephants, tigers, panthers, serpents, 
&c. are found in the forests. This level coast is bound- 
ed by mountains well covered with wood, and where - 
the vallies are generally fertile and populous. 
The Gold Coast-commences a few leagues westward 
of Cape Apollonia, and terminates at Rio Volta, an ex- 
tent of about 350 miles, lying between 4° 40’, and 5° 
40’ of North Lat. and between the meridian and $° 
West Long. Cape Apollonia is low on the coast, but 
rises into 
a great distance at sea. The first fort on the windward 
part is Apollonia, about three miles eastward of the 
Cape; situated in a spacious plain, which is bounded 
towards the interior by a fine lake of fresh water, about 
six miles in circumference, and full of-fish.: In this 
lake, a small village is erected on wooden piles, the in- 
habitants of which are said to have been exiles from the 
interior, who were not allowed to build upon the land. 
Along the whole coast of Apollonia, the surf is ex- 
ceedingly dangerous; and there are no creeks or har- 
bours. ‘This territory or state extends about 100 miles 
along the coast, and probably not more than 20 inland. 
ree hills, covered with trees, and seen trom + 
The next settlement is Axim, which belongs to the - 
Dutch, and forms 
try of Ahantah, 
of the extensive and fertile coun- - 
he fort, originally built by the Pore. 
