Guinea. 
——— 
Gold Coast. 
548 
tuguese, and called Fort Anthony, stands up on a pro- 
montory, which forms the western part of Cape Three 
Points. The landing is here perfectly safe, and may 
be approached by boats in the dry season without any 
danger. About four leagues from Fort Anthony is 
Fort Fredericksburgh, first erected by the Prussians, 
but afterwards sold to the Dutch, and now in ruins. 
At three leagues distance is Accoda, another Dutch 
settlement ; and three leagues farther is Dix Cove, be- 
longing to the British, advantageously situated at the 
entrance of a small cove, which is capable of admitting 
vessels of 40 tons at high water. Boutry, Taccorary, 
and Succondee, all Dutch settlements, lie at the dis- 
tance of a few miles from each other ; and the last men- 
tioned forms the extremity of the Ahanta country, 
which is the richest and best provided. with harbours 
of all the Gold Coast. It stretches farther inland than 
Apollonia, and is bounded by the Warsaw and Din- 
kara states. About three leagues from Succondee is 
Chamah, where the Dutch have a small fort called Se- 
bastian, supposed to have been originally built by the 
Portuguese. About eight miles from Chamah, is Com~- 
menda, where the British and Dutch have settlements 
and forts, and where the inhabitants are chiefly employ- 
ed in supplying vessels with canoes and canoe men for 
trading on the leeward coast.. About 9 miles from Com- 
menda, is Elmina, the most respectable fortress on the 
Gold Coast, and the head-quarters of the Dutch settle- 
ments. The town is large, and some of the houses 
built of stone. The river ‘admits vessels of 100 tons 
at high water, which can unload under the walls of the 
castle. The inhabitants consist of traders, fishermen, 
and a few mulatto mechanics. The population amounts 
to about 15,000 ; and a considerable trade is carried on, 
articularly in gold and slaves. About 9 miles from 
Imina, is Cape Coast Castle, the principal British fort 
and settlement on the Gold Coast. It was built by the 
Portuguese, who ceded it to the Dutch, fromm whom it 
was taken in 1665. It has been considerably improved 
and strengthened by the African Company ; and the 
castle is capable of making a powerful resistance on 
the side towards the sea. The town is irregular, and 
the houses chiefly built of clay. The population amounts 
to 8000 ; and the trade consists chiefly in gold. The 
adjoining country is called Fetu, and is subject to the 
Fantee state. During the existence of the slave trade, 
the countries from Cape Coast to Acra were the great 
centre of that nefarious traffic, which brought a rapid 
accumulation of wealth to the native traders in every 
town and village, the result of which was a spirit of idle- 
ness, licentiousness, and turbulence, which threatened 
the overthrow of all order and security in the settle- 
ment. About four miles from Cape Coast, is a Dutch 
fort called Nassau, situated at a vi named Mouree. 
About six miles from Mouree, is the British fort Ana- 
maboa, the most compact and well built in the country ; 
and the town, in its former flourishing state, contain- 
ed at least 15,000 inhabitants. But it was destroyed in 
a war with the Ashantees, a powerful people in the in- 
terior ; and the abolition of the slave trade, in which it 
formerly bore a principal share, is likely to retard its 
re-establishment, About thrée miles from Anamaboa 
is the town of Cormantine, where the Dutch have a fort 
called Amsterdam, originally built by the British, and 
the first that was erected on the Gold Coast. About 
six leagues eastward is Tantumquerry, where landing 
is very difficult ; and, nine miles farther, is the district 
of Assam, or Apang, where the Dutch have a small 
GUINEA. 
fort, and where the coast is more accessible. About 8  Guine: 
miles from Assam is the town of Winnebah, where ~~ 
there is a small fort belonging to the British, and where &°!4 € 
the landing is generally safe. The town has been re- 
duced, by wars and other casualties, from a population 
of 4000 to 2000, and was formerly a part of the Agoo« 
na country, which has recently fallen under the power 
of the Fantees, About three leagues from Winnebah 
is the Dutch fort of Berracoe ; and nine leagues farther 
west is Acra, where there are settlements of the Bris — 
tish, Dutch, and Danes. Acra is an independent state, 
which formerly belonged to the kings of Aquamboe, 
but has at present most intercourse with the Ashantees. 
It is the most healthy situation on the Gold Coast ; 
and the inhabitants are more civilized than most of their 
neighbours. About 3% miles from Acra, is a small 
British fort named Pram Pram; and 8 miles farther, is 
the Danish fort of Ningo, around which the country is 
level and fertile, abounding in game, and in a 
breed of horned cattle. About 36 miles from Ningo is 
Adda, where there is a Danish fort; and is sit on 
the left bank of the Rio Volta, which terminates the _ 
Gold Ceast. This river runs nearly north-west and 
south-east, separating the countries of Aquamboe and 
Aquapim, and is navigable for small craft to the dis« 
tance of 100 miles from its mouth. See Acra, Anas 
MABoA, and AQUAMBOE. 
The slave coast extends from Rio Volta to Rio Sagos, 
which separates it from ‘the ki m of Benin. It 
reaches about 50 leagues from west to east, and contains 
the following districts or provinces: Koto, lymg be- 
tween Rio Volta and Cape Monte, which is a flat, sandy 
territory, little frequented. Near Cape Puealo, is a 
village named Quilta, where there is a British fort ; 
and at a little distance is Koto, the capital of the coun- 
try. Popo or Papa, about 10 leagues in length, be« 
tween Cape Monte and Juida, is low and ‘sandy; in 
some places marshy, and generally inaccessible on the 
coast. At the mouth of the Tari is a village of the same 
name, and a Dutch factory. Juida or Whidah extend- 
ing several leagues, is more fertile and populous than 
the districts already noticed ; and at the mouth of one 
of its rivers, called Euphrates, is a port where ships 
may unload, though not without considerable inconve- 
nience from the surf. Near this river, but about two 
leagues from the shore, is a populous town named Sabi 
or Xavier, where merchants resort. At the mouth of 
another river, named Jaquin, are British, Portuguese, 
and Dutch settlements, in an island called Gregoi. Ar- 
dra extends about 15 leagues along the coast, and is a 
fertile but insalubrious tract. Foulaon, Assem, Jago, 
and Appak are the names of its principal villa 
Whidah and Ardrah have been long subject to the king 
of Dahomy, a powerful state in the interior. The prin- 
cipal trade of the slave coast consists in salt, palm-oil, 
and slaves. See Arpran and Danomy. | 
There are several tracts along the coast of Guinea of aspect of 
a sandy and sterile nature, without any other trees than the country 
the palm; but the general appearance of the country : 
from the sea is that of an immense forest, with a few 
high grounds covered. with lofty trees, and the thickest 
underwood. Many of the vallies are richly planted, 
and extensive plains may be seen, beautifully studded 
with natural clumps of trees and bushes. In the more 
inland parts, where the moisture is more abundant than 
on the coast, the woods are almost impenetrable, on ac-« 
count of their luxuriant growth; and the surface of 
the ground is completely concealed by shrubs and 
Slave Co 
