HAR 
¢ lodging houses for the accommodation of the numerous 
invalids who flock hither from every part of the united 
kingdom, Before the mineral springs were discovered, 
arrowgate was a Pope ry See and it was not 
ill 1687 that the first inn, called the Queen’s Head, 
was erected. Before the, year 1700, there were three 
good inns in the village, and it now contains eight spa~ 
s inns, viz.. the Grandby, the Dragon, the fi 
Saat eee eee heey 
ei rown, the Wh 
Tavern, at High Harrowgate ; and 
ite Hart, the Crescent, and the 
Bell, at Low Harrowgate ; beside numerous lodging 
houses for those who wish for a more retired life. The 
Crown Inn at Lower Harrowgate, is a long row 
of plain buildings. _ The public hall or promenade is a 
large and elegant apartment with an organ at one end. 
The Crescent is situated behind the Crown Inn in a 
less public situation, 
The chalybeate springs, which are two in number, 
are both at High Harrowgate. The oldest of these, 
called the Old was discovered by Captain Slings- 
by in 1571, and is situated opposite the Granby Inn. 
It was covered in 1786 with an elegant dome, erected 
at the expence of Lord Loughborough, who also laid 
out an extensive plantation on his property here, which 
affords an agreeable shade to a walk eight feet. broad, 
and two miles long. The other chalybeate spring is 
about half'a mile west of the Old Spa, and is called 
the Tewit well, from the birds called tewits which fre- 
quent it. yxy 0 
The sulphureous springs, which are two in number, 
are situated at Lower Harrowgate, and ‘are inclosed 
with stone buildings, one of which, near the Crown 
Inn, is a temple of the Tuscan order, 24 feet in diame- 
ter, consisting of a cupola supported by 12 columns. 
The water of this spring is extremely offensive to the 
smell and the taste. When taken in small quantities, 
it is an excellent alterative ; but when copiously drunk, 
it is strongly purgative, and has been found very effi- 
cacious in cutaneous diseases and scrophula, in destroy- 
ing worms, in removing chronic obstructions, and in 
disorders of the stomach. The second sulphureous 
ing was discovered in the gardens of the Crescent in 
1783., It is of an Perliy’ ot quality between the 
chalybeate and sulphureous waters. 
; The buildings at Harrowgate are rapidly increasing 
every year. It now contains more than 1500 inhabitants. 
See Beauties of England and Wales, vol. xvi. p. 652. 
HARTFORD is a town of the United States of Ame- 
rica, in the state of Connecticut, and the capital of the 
county of the same name. It is situated in a pleasant 
and fertile country, on the west bank of Connecticut 
river, about 50 miles north-west from its mouth. The 
town consists chiefly of a single street parallel with the 
river, and about 60 rods from it. Nearly one half of 
the houses are of brick, and many of are three 
stories high, and well built. The principal public 
buildings are a handsome state house, two congrega- 
tional churches, one of which is of brick, and is among 
the most elegant in New England, one Episcopalian, 
one Baptist bom and a ent, which was incorpora- 
ted in 1792. A woollen manufactory has been esta- 
blished at Hartford. The number of houses is about 
600. The population of the town in 1800 was 5347, 
in 1810, 6003, and that of the city in 1810 was 3995. 
See Morse’s Geography. 
- HARTLEPOOL, a town of England, in the county 
of Durham, is situated on a promontory nearly encir- 
cled with the German Ocean, which forms a capacious 
‘bay on the south side of the town. It is built on 
’ , 4 . 
647 
HAR 
the western of a hill, and consists of a princi. Hardepool, 
pal street, a street, and several cross streets. The '#rtey: 
chief buildings are a chapel of irregular structure, a ~~Y—~ 
town hall, a free school, and a custom house. The 
town is surrounded with ancient fortifications, which 
are described at great length by Hutchinson in his His. 
tory of Durham. Hartlepool is much frequented in the 
summer months for bathing, but at other seasons it is 
inhabited A sam by the fishermen. Within a few 
ards of the Watergate, a chalybeate spring has lately 
discovered, It is envied the sea at low wa- 
ter. About five miles north of town are the sin- 
gular rocks called the Blackhalls: (See Dunia, vol. 
vii. p. 205.) A life boat has lately been established 
here by subscription. On the moor near the town ate 
two batteries mounted with cannon, beside an ih- 
trenchment. In 1811 the township contained 242 hou- 
ses, and 1047 inhabitants. See Hutchinson’s Hist 
of Durham, and the Beauties of England and Wales, 
vol. v. p. 119. 
prety to or was born on the 30th of Au- 
gust 1705. He was son of a respectable clergy- 
man, vicar of Armley, in the county of York, whale 
he died, leaving behind him eight children. The sub- 
ject of this article was brought up by a Mrs Brooks- 
bank, who lived near Halifax. He received the first 
rudiments of his education at a private school, and his 
academical education at Cambridge. He was admitted 
at Jesus College at the age of fifteen years, and was 
afterwards elected a fellow of that society, and took the 
degree of M. A. He was originally designed for the 
church, and proceeded for some time in his thoughts 
and studies towards that object ; but he was restrained 
by some scruples, which made him reluctant to sub- 
scribe the thirty-nine articles: He continued, never- 
theless, a member of the church of England, conform- 
ing to its public worship. This he did upon the prin- 
ciple, that the church of England maintains, in sub- 
stance, the practical doctrines of Christianity, and that 
it was not incumbent to separate himself from its com- 
munion on account of some articles, which he regarded 
as speculative and abstruse. Having, it would a’ “ 
from conscientious scruples, relinquished the profession 
of his first choice, he applied his talents to the medical 
profession, in which he arrived at considerable. emi- 
nence for skill and industry, but still more for philan« 
thropy. He exercised the healing art with equal at- 
tention and fidelity to the and the rich. He visit- 
ed the humblest recesses of poverty and sickness, He 
was not unmindful, that bodily sickness renders the 
mind more impressible with moral and religious truths, 
and embraced opportunities, in the course of his medi- 
cal practice, of exercising mental charities to afflicted 
minds, as well as of employing his knowledge of the 
healing art to the restoration of bodily health. 
He was industrious in acquiring all collateral branches 
of knowledge, and lived in personal intimacy with the 
learned men of his age. Dr Law, Dr Butler, Dr War- 
burton, afterwards Bishops of Carlisle, Durham, and 
Gloucester, and Dr Jortin, were his intimate friends. 
He was much attached to Dr Hoadley, Bishop of Win- 
chester, whose opinions on religion and politics seem to 
have been very similar to his own. Dr Hales, and Dr 
Smith, master of Trinity College in Cambridge, with 
other members of the Royal Society, were his compa- 
nions in the sciences of optics, other branches of 
natural philosophy. Mr Hawkins Browne, the author 
of an elegant Latin , De Animi Immortalitate, and 
Dr Young, the moral poet, stood high in his esteem. 
