: merely erected an e of stone, whence the water 
meee this is. -adorned by moss and \ 
ing plants, The walks about the fountain, wi 
into the deep solitude of Helicon, are in the highest de- 
gree beautiful. All above .is.grand and striking, and 
every declivity of the mountain.is covered with luxuri- 
ant shrubs, or tenanted by browzing flocks. re a 
up the mountain, at the distance of two miles and a 
from this grove and from the fountain Aganippe, was 
| elpatir geen Hippocrene, fabled to have sprung 
the earth when struck by the hoof of Pegasus.” 
_ From the Grove of| the Muses, Dr Clarke descended 
to the Permessus, and crossing that rivulet, he ascend- 
ed in a.north-west direction towards the higher parts 
Helicon. Wherever the surface was laid bare, he 
craggy narrow , 
ne res : where he observed 
of the ancient paved causeway, which formerly led 
rom Thespia. to. | een to Lebadea. .From this 
point, which ,was.two hours journey from Neocorio, the 
whole. of Boeotia was Gees Ladd cna now extended 
south-east and north-west, and. another hour was neces- 
sary to descend into the deep’ valley in which Sagara is 
situated. This valley is, entirely surrounded by high 
rocks, and by the jtowering.summits of Helicon. A 
level plain is. seen below, having its woods and corn 
fields almost buried in the deep bosom of the mountain. 
A steep and rugged descent now conducted Dr Clarke 
to Nhe xillege of Zagara, which is divided into two parts 
by a river flowing across this yalley, one part of the vil- 
lage ing high above the other. The lower. part 
stretches into the level plain ; and above the upper part 
a small white edifice, the monastery of Panaja, appears 
embosomed among. trees. _ Dr, Clarke has shewn, we 
think very satisfactorily, that this village is the Ascra 
of the ancients, the place of Hesiod’s nativity. 
~ After passing Zagara,-Dr Clarke advanced among 
the boldest rocks, and ascending by a narrow, steep, 
and. stony path, he reached the highest part of this road 
over Helicon, “commanding a prospect,” as he re- 
marks, “ which, in the grandeur of its objects, and in 
all the affecting circumstances of history thereby sug- 
gested, cannot be equalled in. the whole world. |The 
eye ranges over all the plains of Lebadea, Cheronea, 
and Orchomenus, looking down | the: numerous 
villages now occupying the sites of those and of other il- 
lustrious cities, From the spot where the spectator is 
placed, the most. amazing undulations of mountain sce- 
nery descends in. vast .waves, like the swellings of an 
ocean, towards Parnassus, whose snowy bosom = 
by its brightness, was expanded before us with incom- 
parable grandeur.” 
_ After passing another fountain, and travelling a - 
ter of a mile.over an ancient paved way, Dr Clarke 
reached a magnificent terrace, elevated as it were above 
all Greece, and continuing to descend, the monastery of 
St George appeared in view, bearing north and by west. 
He then arrived at,the village of Kotumala, about. 13 
hour from Zagara, and commanding the most sublime 
views. After passing the remains of an aqueduct, and 
the ruins of a.city upon a hill, he reached Panori, two 
pense Aistans from. vee oad, He then passed two 
bridges, and came in sight EBADEA, which will be 
described under that article. ‘ 
We have thus given our readers a very brief account 
of Dr Clarke’s most interesting examination of the anti- 
ore of Mount Helicon. will naturally turn to 
original work for an ampler account of his journey. 
HEL 
The classical reader will feel himself inspired at every Meligolans. 
step, and will share the fine sentiments which the sight 
of ancient Greece awakened in the first of 
poets. 
Where’er we tread, ’tis haunted holy ground ; 
No. earth of thine is lost in vulgar mould ; 
But one vast realm of wonder spreads around, 
And all the Muses’ tales seem truly told, 
Till the sense aches with gozing to behold 
‘The scenes our earliest dreams have dwelt upon ; 
Each bill and dale, each deepening glen and wold, 
Defies the power which crushed thy temples gone : 
Age shakes Athena’s power, but spares gray Marathon. 
Long to the remnants of thy splendour past 
Shall pilgtims pensive but unwearied throng ; 
Long shall the voyager with the Ionian blast, 
Hail the bright clime of battle and of song ; 
Long shall thine annals and immortal tongue 
Fill with thy fame the youth of many a shore # 
Boast of the aged! Lesson of the young! 
Which sages venerate, and bards adore, 
As Pallas and the Muse unveil their awful lore. 
Byron's Childe Harold, Canto Li. 
See Clarke's Travels, Part ii. Sect. iii. p- 92—118. 
HELIGOLAND, or Hexcouanp, is a small group 
of islands belonging to Great Britain, and situated op- 
posite the mouths of the Elbe and the Weser, and at 
the distance of nine German miles) from each, The 
islands: of Heligoland consist, Ist, of the island of Heli- 
goland ;2d, the Sandy Island, called the Downs ; and 
3d, of several reefs and rocks, of which that called the 
Monk is the:most-remarkable. The island of Heligo- 
Jand is divided intothe High Land or the Cliff, and the 
Low Land. Itis said to be in a state of rapid destruction 
from the encroachments of the sea; and it is 
among the inhabitants, that during the last century, it 
has been reduced from 11 miles in length to its present 
dimensions of 1 mile. ‘The high land or cliff, accord- 
ing to the measures taken by Dr Heinemeyer, is 166 
feet at its greatest, and 88 feet at its least height, and 
has a circumference of 4200 It is ascended by 
a flight of 203 steps. The low land, which increases 
sensibly every year, is connected with the eastern part 
of the cliff by a rock about 500 paces long. The cir- 
cumference of the low ground was 1400 in 1800. 
The circumference of the whole island, including the 
high and low ground, is 4600 paces. The Downs, or 
Sandy Island, is about two-fifths of the size of Heligo- 
land; but its extent is constantly varying. 
Accordin 
strata of indurated clay alternating, with beds of gray 
limestone, forming an angle of 30° with the horizon, 
and dipping to the north-east. The clay is of a strong 
red colour, and contains much oxide of iron, and some 
carbonate .of lime. The limestone is in some 
formed of various marine remains, and in others it is 
uniformly granular. Through both these are dispersed 
in various places deposits of copper ore in —_ 
tities. These consist of carbonate of copper diffused 
through the earthy matter, and of crystallized masses of 
the same substance ; and more rarely there are found 
lumps of red oxide, mixed with particles of gray ore and 
native copper. The beach is covered with various silice- 
ous pebbles, containing grains of the same substance im~ 
bedded in them, together with variously coloured —_ 
phyries and hornstones. On the shore are found belem- 
nites, and. other calcareous and flinty fossil remains ; 
and considerable quantities of pyrites, and carbonized 
and pyritaceous wood, are contained in the clay strata. 
This island is said to have suffered great physical res 
—-—o 
8 ; 
to Dr Maceulloch, Heligoland consists of Mineralogi- 
cal struc- 
ture, 
