Heraldry. 
Proof from 
the form of 
shields, -&c, 
Origin. of 
the tine- 
tures.. 
Partitions, 
716 HERALDRY. 
13, The form of the ancient escutcheons is a second ring or annulet is derived from the common reward. of 
proof of this origin of armorial ensigns; for they are the victorious cavalier. The bend and, the fess. from 
always represented as lying on the one side, and tied the scarfs which the combatants wore, and which were 
up by small strings, exactly as the shields of the joust- often the gift of their ladies, as we read in. the. roman~ 
ers were attached to the lists, or to the neighbouring ces, . The wreath and other ornaments of the helme 
houses, which they called “ faire fenestre.” They are are all connected with the same custom, The lady. 
so represented in the celebrated ‘ Tournay de la Gar- herself took care to adjust these parts of her knight's. 
thuse,” in the National Library at Paris. They are equipment, which were generally of her colour; and. 
also hollowed out on the right side for the reception of are accordingly known in the romances by the names. 
the Jance, as may be seen in all the old monuments of of « faveurs des dames,” “ atours de dame,” &c.._. 
ornam 
Int O01 
jousts, that the ladies might have an opportunity of see- ever, were first used in Germany, it must be confessed 
ing them. All these observations are verified by the that the French were the first. to reduce the method of 
curious treatise of René of Anjou, King of Sicily, which using them to.rules. Accordingly, the only other na- 
four days before the tournament, to make display of are frankly admitted by Spenerus to be altogether.con- 
your Seen on pain of not being received at the,said temptible. .. Sir Henry Speknad says PBineee ieo 
tournament ; and. your arms shall be thus. The.crest gentry of England had no coat-armour till the time of 
dies come, and the damsels, and the lords, knights, and have been considerably extensive before the 1 
esquires, who shall visit them in their order, from the the Crusades, there can be no doubt, that these cele- 
beginning to the end. And the judges who shall be brated expeditions must have been at once the means 
there shall lead the ladies three or four turns, to.see of rendering their use universal among. all the European 
them well, and to examine the crests; and the herald nations, and at the same time of making the figures 
shall set forth unto the ladies to whom this ensign per- mokxe fixed, and consequently the blazonry more scien- 
taineth, and to whom that; and if there be any one tific, Arms, it is probable, completed their itay 
which belongeth to any reviler of the ladies, the ladies character from the piety of children, which must have 
shall touch his crest, and on the morrow it shall be sent led them to adopt, with religious respect, any tempo- 
away, and he shall have no tilting at this tournament.’ 
Traité delaforme et manier des tournois a plaisance, 
&e.. Miroir, p. 56. 
rary devices borne by their fathers in these holy wars. 
The cross soon became the most common of all bearings, 
and its form was varied beyond every conception by the 
14.. The colours which enter into the composition of ingenuity of the heralds, : 
armorial bearings are, by many authors, said to be no _—«:16, The heraldi@ writers who approach most nearly 
other than those of the ancient games of the Roman to each other, in their opinions respecting the origin of 
circus, which passed into the tournaments of the Gothic armories in general, are yet much at variance concern- 
nations. The different factions of the hippodrome were ing the precise time of their introduction into England. 
distinguished by their colours of white, red,.blue, and It is need!ess to refute the statements of such writers 
een, To these Domitian added yellow ; and the on- as Stow, who can tell us gravely, that ‘“ Brute, after a 
y. remaining tincture, viz. black, might be easily intro- long and wery journey with his Trojans, passing thorow 
duced by those chevaliers who were in use to frequent France, building the citie of Toures, arrived in this isle, 
tournaments in habits of mourning on occasions bm the which was then called Albion, at a place called Tot- 
ticular distress. Thus King René of Anjou, after the ness, in Devonshire, bearing gules, iwolions gold: ram- 
unfortunate war of Naples, went to.the tournament of , pants a contrarie, also a bannar of Vert, a Diane of gold 
‘La gueule du Dragon,” in the year 1446, clothed in fichele crouned and entronised.” . Edmonstone is of opi 
complete suit of black armour, ‘ his shield sable, semee nion, that armories were probably first, used im .Eng- 
de larmes, and a black lance in his hand.” land by King Edward the Confessor, and afterwards , 3 
The partitions of the shield are in like manner sup- more plentifully practised by William the Norman. and ¢on imei 
posed to be deduced from the habits of tournaments, his nobles. den, however, is inclined to think th England, 
which were ry gare different colours, sometimes of yet later date with us, and says, ‘ that shortly afte 1 
the one side of the garment differing from the other, the Conquest, the estimation of arms began in. the ex- 
sometimes the top part from the bottom, &c, ; a relic of peditions of the Holy Land, when it was accounted an 
which custom may still be observed in the dresses of ma- especial honour, to retain those arms which had been 
ny provincial magistrates on the continent. From the displayed in the Holy Land in that holy service against 
barriers and lists, and their various s, are taken the. the professed enemies of Christianity, and that we, re- 
forms of the pale, the chevron, and the saltier. The . ceived at that time the hereditary use.of them ; but the 
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