HERALDRY. 
in whi is blazoned, their 
number is mentioned ; if they be close or 
conjoined, that circumstance is omitted, thus, Ar 
gaenen’ in fess taper yep sable. Osbal- 
» sable five mascles ined in cross or. Brand 
reth, gules seven mascles conjoined or three, three, 
and one. The coat of De Quincey, Earl of Winches- 
ter, well known by ancient seals. Plate CCXCI. Fig. 2. 
The Billet is an oblong figure, supposed to take its 
name from its resemblance to a billet of wood. 
Rules for Blazoning. 
When a coat of arms is blazoned, the field is first mén= 
tioned, next the ordinary, last of all the charge. If the 
coat consists of two colours only, as the coat of Hatton, 
we may say, azure a chevron between three garbs or, which 
implies that both chevron and garbs are or. Or thus, 
azure a chevron or between three garbs of the last. 
. When the next to the field are mentioned, 
then proceed to those which lie more remote, as in the 
coat of Pratt, sable on a fess between three elephants 
heads erased argent as many mullets of the first. Here 
the mullets, being the most remote from the field, are 
last mentioned, and as both field and mullets are sable, 
the words of the first are used to avoid repetition. 
_ When a field is divided by lines, they must always 
be mentioned before the colours, as in the coat of Wal- 
ve before mentioned parté per pale argent and 
gules. Aston, parte per chevron sable and argent. Boyle, 
parte ae bend crenellé argent and gules. 
N. B. Besides the above mentioned , there 
are other two, rejected indeed by our English heralds, 
but of common enough use among foreigners, 
1. A shield is. by ~ called papilloné, when it is 
covered with figures like the scales of fish, 
2. «« Diaspré, or diaperé, is said when the field is sha~ 
dowed with flourishings and various turnings, by par- 
fels of gold or silver, or tinctures after the fashion of 
fiowers or leaves, like the. weaver’s diaper-naj ‘i? 
The Germans.practise this most, as the French do the 
papilloné. 
Concerning all the figures we have as yet observed, 
whether under the head of ordinaries, or under the 
present, heraldic writers are. much at variance among 
themselves, Some them all under the head of 
ordinaries, dividing them into honourable ordinaries, 
and subordinaries. Others, and among the rest Ed- 
monstone, adopt that order which we have observed. 
Indeed, uniformity in this matter could by no means 
be expected among authors who differ from each other 
,upon matters of so much greater importance in their 
art. Those which are by one set of writers af- 
firmed to be altogether peculiar to heraldry, are by 
others considered as-evident |representations of objects 
the most familiar in nature or in art. As to those fi- 
gures which we shall next take into consideration, they 
are all of one mind. Heraldry has, according to every 
authority, borrowed them from nature. 
which one or more mascles occur 
and i 
; not 
ble 
Of the Celestial” Figures used in Armories; 
27. 1st, The Sux. When of the metal or, it is said 
to be p 3 when of one of the colours of heraldry, 
it is called ombre de soleil de 1» &e. 
2d, The Moon. When full, said to be in her com- 
plement. _ The half moon is styled crescent, increscenty 
decrescent, and, crescent reversed, according to her po- 
sition in the shield ; crescent, when the horns are to- 
wards the top of the escutcheon.; inerescent; when the 
horns are towards the right side of the shield; decress 
725 
cent, when the horns are turned to the left ; and eres. Heraldry. 
cent reversed, when they are pointed towards the base, ““"Y—" 
The crescent is the of the Ottoman empe- 
rors. Aben Mahomet, the great Moorish prince who 
— Pe Te carried the crescent eae All over 
in, the crescent is a common bearing , in consequence 
< the achievements®of particular families against the 
oors. 
3d, Stars. They are represented generall with five 
points. Mollet in French and Scottish h ry means 
a figure of the same sort, of six points, and in sup- 
posed to be the revel of a spur. But the English call 
stars of five points, mullets unpierced or estoils simply. 
When pierced we Sypee them so—as, The name of 
Doughty in England. Argent two bars between three 
mullets of six co pierced sable. 
, spheres, and veomae ge also used in her- 
aldry, as, argent a rainbow, by the family of Leiris ia 
Languedoc in allusion to their name, Lire 
Of Man and his Parts in Arms, 
* 28. The use of these charges may be supposed to Of man, 
great measure from the practice of &. 
kings, son Hea men, particularly churchmen, having 
on thei 
have arisen in a 
8 representations of themselves, their 
trons, saints, &c, Thus the arms of the see of St An« 
drew’s in Scotland were azure, St Andrew carrying on 
his breast his proper cross (or saltier) argent. 
- When any of the human body is represented as 
cleanly cut off as by a sword, it is’ said to be couped, if 
torn off; erased ; in French arraché, in Latin avulsum. 
Heads are frequently represented as surrounded 
with a wreath or bandage, and or are then said to be 
banded or tortille. Moors heads (always in profile) are 
common in Spanish coats as trophies. 
Of Animals:—Lions, §c. 
29. Lions wane | upright with only one eye seen; of aninalée 
are called rampant ; if full faced, rampant guardant ; and 
if they are looking behind them, then the word regard-= 
ant is added to that which speaks the attitude, as pas- 
sant regardant, rampant regardant. Lions, when re-~ 
presented as feeding, are called rapin ;. and when in an 
attitude of springing with both their hind legs toge- 
ther, they are termed saliant ; as are also bears, wolves, 
unicorns, and all other beasts, except Brifins, which 
are termed segreant instead of rampant: ‘The es 
and claws of all beasts are in eral in 
coat-armour' as of a tincture different that of. 
their bodies, and are termed and armed, as, 
argent, a lion ra r nt regardant gules lan, 
an armed aiken it ion snarl. ale ies 
when any beast is tinctured azure, the tongue and 
claws are gules; and vice versa, except when it is 
otherwise expressed. 
When any animal proceeds from the bottom of a 
chief, fess, &c. it is termed issuant ; and when it 
ceeds from the fess or ordinary, it is termed naissant. 
A demi-lion is half a lion, so proceeding, couchant, pas« 
sant, and the rest are sufficiently intelligible. 
When any beast in a field has a fess, , &c. passe 
ing over him, he is said to be oppressed, depressed, or 
debruised with » fess, Sc. When a beast is on a field,. 
which is per chevron, it is said to be countercharged. 
Wherefore the cheveron line must continue its course’ 
through the beast, and the beast be painted of two co-- 
lours of the field ; for example, . Per cheveron argent et» 
sable a lion rampant countercharged. The upper part 
