736 
Heraldry. « a compartment like to a rising ground, with a tree 
—Y~"_ growing out of it, and semée of hearts, mullets, and 
Pavilion. 
cross crosslets, the armorial figures of this Earl’s escut- 
cheon, to shew that the compartment was meant to re- 
present his lands and feus.” Others seem to have as- 
sumed a compartment from more fanciful motives ; as 
the old Earls of Perth, who had a green hill semée of 
galtraps, which, with their motto “Gang warrily,” 
forms a complete device. 
Of the Pavilion. 
49. After treating of these external marks of honour 
common to the tiobes of the European. kingdoms, it 
remains to take notice of one entirely confined to sove- 
reign princes, although not assumed by all of them, 
viz. the pavilion. This is a tent or tabernacle, with a 
eanopy roof, under which the arms of the emperors, of 
the kings of France, and of some other princes, are 
usually represented. Menestrier is of opinion, that the 
first who invented this use of the pavilion was Philip 
Moreau, and that from its having made its first appear- 
ance on the coins of Philip of Valois, it derived the 
Full blazon Dame by which we know it. As a specimen of the 
of Scotland. mode of blazoning arms, we have inserted the royal 
PLATE 
cexciv, the blazon, accordin 
Fig. 13, 
Funeral at- 
atchievement of Scotland, in Plate CCXCIV. in which 
to Myr Nisbet, runs thus: 
« The sovereign ensign armorial of the kingdom 
of Scotland—or a lion rampant gueules, armed and 
langued azure, within a double tressure counter flower~ 
ed with flower de lysses of the second; timbred with 
a helmet affrontée with bars or, adorned with lam- 
brequins or, doubled ermine, and ensigned with the 
imperial crown of Scotland; and thereon for crest a 
lion sejant full-faced gules, crowned or, holding in his 
right paw a naked sword Proper, and in the sinister a 
scepter or, both erected; and above, in an escrole, the 
motto “(In DEFENSE.” The shield is encircled with 
the colour of the most noble order of the thistle, with 
its badge thereto appended of gold, enamelled azure, 
having the image of St Andrew surmounted of his 
cross argent; and supported by two unicorns argent, 
crowned with imperial and gorged with open crowns, 
to the last chains affixed passing between their fore- 
legs and reflected over their backs or ; he on the dexter 
bearing up a banner or, charged with the red lion of 
Scotland ; he on the sinister, a banner azure charged 
with the white cross of St Andrew, both standing on 
a compartment cheque or and azure like a pave- 
* ment, on the first the lion of Scotland, and on the se- 
cond St Andrew’s cross. All within a royal pavilion 
of cloth of gold, semée of thistles slipped proper, 
doubled ermine, the comble or canopy rayonnée, and 
adorned with precious stones, and topped with the 
crown of Scotland, over all on an escrole the device of 
Scotland, (alluding to the thistle,) “ Nemo ME IMPUNE 
LACESSET.” 
Of Funeral Escutcheons, &c. in Scotland. 
50. Although our code calls no man noble under the 
chievement, degree of a baron, yet there is an old and well-known 
distinction between nobiles majores and nobiles minores:: 
the first comprehending all titled nobles from the 
prince to the baron ; ,the second, all between the baron 
and the gentleman inclusive. em 
A gentleman is one descended of three descents 
of nobles (viz. of name and arms) by both father 
and mother, for gentility is not perfect in the person 
HERALDRY, 
who first obtains arms among us, or letters patent of 
noblesse on the continent; as, among the Romans, 
though the father was free born, and of the equestrian 
census, yet it was requisite that the grandfather should 
be so also, otherwise the son could not obtain the an- 
nulus, or symbol of the equestrian rank. Gentility, 
then, begins in the grandfather, increases in the father, 
and is perfect in the son. 
The proofs of this nobility are the armorial ensigns 
or gentilitial tesseras of these ancestors, arranged in 
due order on the sides of the ‘escutcheon, (and there« 
fore fitly here treated of among the external ornaments 
of the shield), not indeed commonly, but on particu« 
lar occasions, as on that of the funeral of the bearer. 
The arrangement of these tessere is the same, to 
whatever number they amount. If the nobility be of 
four descents, or lineages, the mode of arrangement is 
as follows: ‘ 
[Arms of 
the Fa- Mother. 
ther. 
Father’s Arms of the pes 
_ | Mother. ‘Great-Grand- M Ba 
Nee son, noble poe 
by four de- ’ 
Grand- gays at m: Grand- 
father’s Mother’s side father’s 
Mother. r _| Mother. 
ee a 
—— ee 
| Grand- | Grand-] 
mother’s mother’s 
Mother. Mother. 
—— ——~ 
H 
The full funeral escutcheon of the Duke of Athole Prats 
is represented in Plate CCXCIV. Fig. 14. 
CCXCIV. 
In England, the place of this genealogical eseutcheon Fig- 14 
is supplied by the genealogical pennon before described, 
in p. 730. 
Of Precedency. 
51. It is, as was formerly observed, the on 
ralds to settle the order or precedency 
sembled in public meetings. The rules by which the 
precedency of individuals is ascertained, seem to be 
more fixed and determinate in England, than with us 
of Scotland. Sir William Blackstone, in his Commen- 
taries on the Law of England, book i. chap. 12, gives a 
Table of Precedence, which is here ciple as the most 
safe authority. 
TABLE OF PRECEDENCE. 
The King. 
The King's 
Children and Grand-children. 
Brethren. 
Uncles. 
Nephews. 
The Archbishop of Spee F 
Lord Chancellor or Keeper, if a Baron. 
Archbishop of York. 
of the he- y 
all those’ as presedency a 
