: HER 
wn, will afford an annual average produce of 20 
sage Fa Many single trees in this county so 
produced a in one season; and an extraordi- 
y tree growing on the glebe land «in the parish of 
H Lacey, has more than once filled 15 hogsheads in 
one year. In other this is a most extraordina- 
tree; for its branches becoming long and heavy, 
their ends fell to the ground, where they took root, each 
branch becoming as it were a new tree, and in its turn 
roducing others in the same way. Nearly halfan acre 
pe FRY pha’ ot pr capil 
_ The ce of an acre planted with apple trees, will 
Bat 4 found nearly one-third less than the pro- 
duce of pear trees on the same space; but the former 
begin to bear at an earlier age. As an object of sight, 
the pear tree is far superior. The orchards are of vari- 
ous sizes, from 4,or 5 to 30 or 40 acres. ‘The principal 
markets for the fruit liquors of Herefordshire, are Lon- 
don and Bristol. From the latter, great quantities are 
- sent to Ireland, to the East and West Indies, and to fo- 
reign countries, in bottles; The principal part of the 
liquor is bought immediately from the press by the 
paesh ay de They. prefer it in that.state, in order 
that the fermentation and subsequent management may 
take place.under their own direction. . : 
An the opinion of Mr Marshall, the Herefordshire _ 
breed of cattle, taking it all'in all, may, without risk, be 
deemed the first 
neral aj xance ; but they are of a er size, and an 
athletic: a The prevailing yoo reddish brown, 
with white faces. As beasts of draught, their.form, is 
nearly complete ; and the females at least fat kindly at 
an early age.. In Herefordshire, working oxen are the 
principal object of breeding. Half the plough teams 
are of oxen, and they are also used feaumss in car- 
i They are bred chiefly in the north-western 
quarter of the county ; but more or less in every other 
quarter, except the Ryeland.. The most valuable col- - 
lection of cattle to be seen out of Smithfield, are often 
met with at the Hereford Michaelmas fair. 
This county has long been celebrated for a peculiar 
breed of sheep, pitas Ryeland breed, from an inde- 
terminate district in the southern quarter of the county 
which gone by the name of Ryeland, on which this 
breed of sheep are principally reared. These sheep are 
remarkable for the sweetness of their mutton, but still 
more so for the fineness of their wool: they are a small 
white-faced, hornless breed, their form being extremely 
beautiful. In the management of the store flocks of this 
breed, what is provincially termed a cof is used: this 
is a building in which they are shut up during the 
night, instead of being folded in the open field. The 
Merino has been crossed with this breed to great advan- 
tage. Leominster is the principal weol market in the 
county, hence Leominster wool has long been famous. 
_.. The.roads in Herefordshire, even so late as 1788, 
when Mr Marshall visited the county, were very bad, 
indeed proverbially bad-; but since that time they have 
been much improved. 
There are no manufactures of any ‘extent or conse- 
quence in the county ; for the manufactures of gloves 
and flannel in Hereford, and of cloth at Ledbury, are 
by no means so important. as to deserve particular 
notice, eget , i 
The oe made under the act of the 26 George IIL. 
report. sHet expences for maintaining the poor 
throughout io county, in the year 1776, to have been 
£10,393. The average of.the years. 1783, 1784, and 
TAT 
of cattle in the island.. Those of . 
Devonshire.and Sussex approach nearest to themin ge- - 
Li HER 
1785, as returned under the same 
of Commons. in February 1806, containing an account 
of all money raised by poor’s rates or other rate or 
rates, in the.several counties of England and Wales, in 
the year ending 25th of March 1815, it appears that 
243,parishes, and. places in Herefordshire, paid under 
these rates, the sum of £81,182: sixteen parishes or 
places had made no return. 
The earliest inhabitants of this ays whom 
haye any notice, were the Silures ; a and 
strenuous opposition to the Romans, they were su 
in the 73d year. of the Christian era. Under the hep- 
tarchy, Herefordshire formed part of the kingdom of 
Mercia, and was the last which submitted to the Saxon 
authority. 
According to the act of 43 G 
an account of the population of Great Britain, 
number of inhabitants in the year 1801 amounted to 
89,191... The following is the result of the population 
returns in 181]; 
Houses inhabited . . .. . 18,572 
Families inhabiting them . . . . 20,081 
Houses building . . . . 154 
Houses uninhabited. . . . . 724 
Families employed in agriculture 12,599 - 
Ditto in thade Adee’ etre 5,044 
Ditto in other lines . . . . . 2,438 
DARIONE toe Se ate ects 46,404 
pT Vogel pre Betas arte ee 47,669 ° 
Total inhabitants 94,073 
(w. 5.) 
HERESY, (Lat. Heresis, Gr. asgerss, from aigew, 2 
chuse,) signifies an error in some essential point of 
Christian faith, publicly avowed, and obstinately main- 
tained; or, according to the legal definition, Sententia 
rerum divinarum humano sensu excogiteta, palam docta, 
el pertinaciter defensa, Particular modes of belief or 
unbelief, therefore, which have no tendency to overturn 
Christianity itself, or to sap the foundations of morality, 
cannot be held as falling within the above definition. 
It is properly the obstinacy, and not the error, that is 
considered as constituting the character of heresy. 
When a man embraces any opinion, however erroneous, 
but is at the same time humble and ingenuous, ready 
and desirous of receiving farther light and instruction, 
and of giving its due weight to every that is 
urged against him, he is not guilty of heresy. Errare 
possum, hereticus esse nolo, is  aianseded aianion-af tt 
to have 
either of a party approved, or of “~ or aga by. 
employed, indiscrimi 
whether good or bad. we read of the sect or he- 
resy of the Sadducees, of the Pharisees, of the Naza- 
venes, &c. -See Acts v.17, ch, xv. 5, ch. xxiv, 5..ch, xxvi. 
5, ch. xxviii. 22. . In the twe former of these passages. 
authority, was stated Hereford. 
at £16,727. In the year 1805, Mr Duncombe estima- shire, 
ted them at £20,000. By a return made to the House “ey: 
We History. 
III. fan kes Population. 
