icf 
Haller Commentatio ap. Gottingen Transact. tom, i. 
HER 
in like manner became pregnant by the other, to the 
great astonishment of the nedgibourhood, at the reputed 
change of sex ; and her dress was thenceforward chan- 
a ces nn cmanein stove given, shew 
it it is possible to mistake the sex of an infant from 
greens organization, but that the real nature of 
individuals may be disclosed with the evolution, if 
we may so call it, of the sexual propensities. 
\_ The masculine and feminine character is deeply in- 
fluenced by the state and condition of those organs 
which nature has seereenred for the perpetuation of the 
species. Thus the analogy between the sexes, hardly 
separable in the embryo, is infinitely greater during 
childhood, before the complete developement of the 
eves faculties, and after the procreative powers 
ve ceased, than in the intermediate period. A cor- 
responding analogy is produced by the destruction of 
the essential parts, or by their vitiated expansion. 
The pigs is Phisrg eee the beard is want- 
ing, the voice s |, and he seldom possesses a vigor- 
ous intellect. His whole personal configuration and oa 
tal disposition are ee to those of females, 
On the other hand, where the essential organization of 
women is injured, there is some tendency by nature 
to remove them from their original sex. Cases of this 
po can seldom occur, rsd such was the effect in 
extirpation of an ovary on account of dis- 
use pdind’cheo caieoethes Setiitneschenn the full deve- 
lopement of the ovaries had not ensued. It is impossible 
to admit the last class of hermaphrodites, females with 
preternatural enlargements, accompanied by a hoarse 
voice, indications of a beard, flat breasts, and masculine 
-propensities, along with women exhibiting none of these 
peculiarities. ._ They are somewhat removed from fe- 
males, as men whose person and mind are of a corre- 
sponding description, are somewhat removed from the 
entire and vigorous sex. The difference arises from 
sexual organization. It has also been conjectured by 
some learned authors, as Wrisberg, that women of 
masculine manner and appearance, and men exhibitin, 
an i degree of effeminacy, may be divid 
into two distinct classes, the former characterised b 
ten, the latter by six iarities, among which sterili- 
ty iscommon to both. These he supposes to be de- 
pendent on sexual organization; and it is. worthy of 
remark, that weakness of intellect is almost invariably 
concomitant on the imperfect expansion of the 4 
tive parts, whether this is prevented by natural infir- 
mity, or by violence in childhood. 
Perhaps all the varieties of configuration which we 
have thus endeavoured to reduce to three classes, may 
be ranked in general under monstrosities. Nothing 
can be more interesting than to investigate the elements 
of sexual distinction. In whatever manner the expansion 
of these elements may be deranged, the result is mon- 
strosity, as in other cases, by excess or defect, or some 
ay — combination of what would coreg 
or leim develo This. vicious us 
ration, rant pA most eer the lot of'some solitary. 
individual, as other monstrosities, prevails. in families 
where there are also perfect beings. One instance is 
given by Kauu Boerhaave in two young Siberians, and 
another, by Sir Everard Home, in two children bern 
in Devonshire. 
tions : They were idiots, and they were of an uncommon 
size. The parents had an intermediate child, who was a 
irl. SeeAckermann Infantis Androgyni ery 
e- 
vi Comment, Academ. Petropolit, tom, i, and xvi. Mes 
rR 
755 
The latter were males with malforma-™ 
HER 
moires de U Academie Royale, 1720—1725, and 1750, 
1756, 1767. Philosophical Transactions, 1751, 1799, 
1805. Parson’s Enquiry. Brand's Case ofa who 
had been mistaken for a Girl. Hunter On the Animal 
yn) e & 45. Phenomena of Planaria. (c) 
HE POLIS. See Civin Arcuirecrure, vol. 
vi. p. 573, col. 2. 
ERNIA. See Suncery. 
HEROD, King of Judea, surnamed the Great, on 
account of his power and talents, as it frequently hap- 
pens, rather than of his virtues, was the second son of 
Antipater the Idumean, and was born at Ascalon in 
Judea, about ened years before the Christian wra. At 
the age of twenty-five, he was appointed by his father 
to the | pene cape of Galilee, where he distinguished 
himself by the suppression of a band: of robbers, and 
the execution of their leader Hezekiah, with several of 
his comrades. Having performed this service of his 
own authority, and executed the culprits without even 
the form of trial, he was summoned to-answer for his 
conduct before the Sanhedrim ; but he escaped both 
punishment and censure, through the s of his 
party, the zeal of his friends, and his own abilities and 
dexterity. 
In the civil wars,of Rome, Herod at first embraced 
the party of Brutus and Cassius, and was, in conse- 
uence, made governor of Celesyria; and, after their 
eath, when Mark Antony arrived victorious in Syria, 
he and his brother contrived to ingratiate themselves 
with him, and were appointed tetrarchs-in Judea. But 
in a short time afterwards, in consequence of an inva- 
sion by Antigonus, who was assisted by the Jews, He- 
rod was compelled. to make his escape from Jerusalem, 
and to retire, first to Idumaa, and then to Egypt. He 
at length arrived at Rome, and upon occasion of a dis- 
puted succession te the crown of Judea, between the 
two branches of the Asmodean family, he found means, 
through his own intrigues, and the influence and power- 
ful recommendations of Mark Antony, to. obtain a de- 
cree of the senate, conferring that kingdom upon him. 
self.. Immediately thereafter he repaired to Judea, and 
in the course of about three years, succeeded in getting 
possession of the whole country. But this success was 
not obtained without bloodshed. The throne was at 
that time in the possession of Antigonus ; and although 
aided by the Roman army, Herod was obliged to lay 
siege to Jerusalem, which held out for six months, 
when it was at ae carried by assault, and a great 
slaughter made the inhabitants. Antigonus was 
taken prisoner and put to death. The-attention of He- 
rod, upon assuming the government, was first directed 
wes the replenishing of his treasury, and repressing 
the Asmodean. faction, by whom he was regarded as an 
usurper. In the pursuit of these objects, he was guilty 
of many oppressive acts of extortion and cruelty. Soon 
after this, an accusation was-lod against him before 
Mark Antony by Cleopatra, who, it is said, was in- 
fluenced, upon. this occasion, by his mother-in-law, 
Alexandra, Having been summoned to a before 
the triumyir, to answer to the charges exhibited against 
him, he contrived, by great pecuniary sacrifices, to make 
his peace with-Antony, and returned. in high credit 
to his kingdom. It was upon. this occasion that he dis- 
played.that conflict of passions, which for ever embit- 
tered his domestic life, Being distractedly fond of his 
wife Mariamne, and unable to endure the thoug't of 
her falling into the hands of another, he exacted a solemn 
romise from Joseph, whom he appointed to govern in. 
his absence, that if the accusation should prove fatal 
Herms- 
phrodite 
Her. 
—_—— 
