36 



HERPETOLOGY. 



OcuUri*. 

 Vti 



TibUtnx. 



Punctata. 



Blochiana, 



Milanoiab- 

 dota. 



Surinam- 



RAXA 



ticnus. 



19. H. ocularis. F,ye-streaked H. Silvery-grey, 

 with a lateral brown band extending from each eye to 

 the side ; limbs marked with transverse brown bands. 



La R. oculairf, Daud. viii. p. 68. 



20. H. vernicota. Warty H. Uniformly brownish, 

 with a warty back. 



La R. a verntes, Daud. viii. p. 70. 



21. //. marmorata. Marbled H. Yellow-ash, mar- 

 bled with reddish above, dotted with black below ; 

 all the feet flat and palmated. 



L. li.marbre, Daud. viii. p. 71. pi. xciv. 

 Le Marbre, Lacepede, ii. part. iii. art. 33. 



22. H. vcnulosa. Veined H. Pale reddish, marbled 

 with irregular red streaks or spots, dotted with brown; 

 hinder feet semipalmated. 



La R. rtticulaire, Daud. viii. p. 74. 

 Rana vcnulosa, Linn, a Gmel. p. 1053. 

 La n'ticulaire, Lacepede, ii. part iii. art. 6. 



23. H. tibiatrix. Flute H. Yellowish white, inter- 

 spened above with reddish dots ; hinder feet semipal- 

 mated. 



La R.fluleuse, Daud. viii. p. 76. 



24. if. palmaia. Palmated H. Pale reddish, mar- 

 bled with reddish brown, with two streaks above the 

 limbs ; all the feet palmated. 



La R. patte d'oie, Daud. viii. p. 80; Lacepede, ii. 

 part iii. art. 7- 



25. H. punctata. Dotted H. Whitish grey or 

 brownish above, with scattered white dots, and a white 

 line on each side ; belly white. 



La R. ponctue'e, Daud. viii. p. 81. 



26. H. blochiana. Blochian H. Ash-coloured above; 

 whitish below, with an obscure line extending from the 

 nostrils to the ear, and obscure transverse bands upon 

 the thighs. 



La R. blochienne. Daud. viii. p. 83. 



27. H. melanorabdota. Black spotted H. Green 

 above, with transverse black spots. 



La R. a (aches noires, Daud. viii. p. 85. 



28. H. surinamensis. Surinam H. Ash-coloured; 

 marked with ovate red spots above, dotted with black 

 below ; all the toes separate. 



La R. de Surinam, Daud. viii. p. 86. 



GBNCS II. RANA. COMMON FROGS. 



Body thick, a little compressed, elongated, moist, 

 covered with a few small tubercles ; generally granu- 

 lated below, except at the thorax, which is smooth ; 

 on each side of the back, above the loins, there is in 

 some species a longitudinal angular fold ; tongue short 

 and thick ; the fore feet have four separate toes, with 

 the thumb a little larger than the rest in the male; the 

 hinder feet are almost always palmated, and are much 

 longer than the body ; the toes are pointed, and have 

 usually a small tubercle under each articulation. 



Common frogs cannot climb like the tree-frogs, nor 

 can they be said to walk, their proper motion being that 

 of leaping. They inhabit marshy and boggy places, 

 and the borders of lakes and ponds, into which they 

 frequently leap and swim about, either in search of in- 

 sects, worms, and the fry of fishes, or for amusement. 

 Here too they pair and lay their eggs. 



About the time when the young frogs are come to 

 maturity, it often liappens that migrations take place 

 among them from a crowded pond or stream, to one 

 where they are less numerous. On these occasions, it 

 is astonishing what numbers have been seen at once 

 crossing a field or road in their way to their new habi- 

 tation. According to Mr Rae, two or three acres of 



ground have been seen nearly covered with them. Frogs 

 arrive at full maturity in about five years, and are sup- 

 posed to live about twelve or fifteen. The croaking of 

 some species, especially of that called the bull-frog, is 

 remarkably loud, and in some parts of America, where 

 this species abounds, the noise made by their united 

 croaking is heard at a very considerable distance. 



Frogs are capable of being rendered familiar, and 

 have become so tame as to eat out of the hand. Some 

 of the species serve for food to man, and most of them 

 become the prey of the larger animals that inhabit 

 marshy situations. 



Daudin enumerates sixteen species of Rana, viz. 



Sp. 1. Rana esculenta. Esculent Frog. Green with 

 black spots, and three longitudinal yellow lines upon 

 the back ; belly whitish. 



La Grenouille verle, Daud. viii. p. 90. 



Rana esculenta, Linn, a Gmel. p. 1053. 



La Grenoitille commune, Lacepede, ii. part. iii. art. 1. 



Gibbous frog, Pennant, Brit. Zool. iii. p. 7. 



Esculent, or green frog, Shaw, iii. pi. xxxi. 



2. R. temporaria. Common F. Red or brown 

 above, or greenish, with a blackish spot extending from 

 the eye through the opening of the ear. 



La G. rousse a tempes noires, Daud. viii. p. 94. 

 Rana temporaria, Linn, a Gmel. p. 1053. 

 La Rousse, Lacepede, ii. part iii. art. 2. 

 Common frog, Brit. Zool. iii. p. 3. Shaw, iii. pi. xxxix. 



3. R. punctata. Dotted F. Ash-coloured, dotted 

 with green above ; feet marked with trans verse bands; 

 toes separate. 



La G. poncluee, Daud. viii. p. 100. 



4. R. plicata. Plaited F. Brown, with the sides 

 double plaited; breast and arms marked with four 

 brown spots ; feet separate. 



La G. plissee, Daud. viii. p. 102. 



5. R. clamata. Noisy F. Dull ash-coloured, inter- 

 spersed with black dots ; upper lip green ; hind feet 

 palmated. 



La G. criarde, Daud. viii. p. 104. 



6. R. typhonia. Typhon F. Ash-coloured or red- 

 dish, with a few brown spots, and either five or three 

 longitudinal yellow lines upon the back ; belly whitish. 



La G. galonnee, Daud. viii. p. 106, pi. xev. La- 

 cepede, ii. part iii. art. xii. 



Rana marginata, Linn, a Gmel. p. 1053. 

 Hurricane frog, Shaw. 



7. R. rubeua. Reddish F. Rusty colour above, with 

 three longitudinal black lines upon the back, and a 

 triangular white spot upon the forehead. 



La G. rougette, Daud. viii. p. 109. 



8. R. maculata. Spotted F. Grey, with a square 

 green spot upon the head, and another round one on 

 each shoulder ; whitish below, raarbled with black. 



La G. tachetee, Daud. viii. p. 111. 



9. R. pipiens. Bull F. Very large; dark green 

 above, whitish grey below, interspersed everywhere 

 with blackish spots. 



La G. mugissante, Daud. viii. p. 113. Lacepede, 

 ii. part iii. art. 9 



Rana ocellala, Linn, a Gmel. p. 1052. 



Bullfrtg, Catesby's Carolina. 



Rana catesbiana, Shaw, iii. pi. xxxiii. 



10. R.ocellata. Eye-spotted F. Very large ; red- 

 dish brown above, with round brown spots, eyed with 

 yellow on the sides and buttocks. 



La G. ocelMe, Daud. viii. p. 118. 



11. R. halecina. Pitpit F. Green above, with brown 

 spots eyed with yellow; three longitudinal lines shaded 

 with yellow upon the back ; white below. 



Batracisn 

 Reptiles. 



Species. 

 Esculenta. 



Temporaria. 



Punctata. 



Plicata. 



Clamata. 



Typhonia. 



Rubella. 



Maculata. 



Pipiens. 



