H 1 G 



54 



H I P 



Hlghgalc HIGHGATE is a village in Middlesex, about four 

 miles north of London, delightfully situated on the top 

 Him.Uli. an j s jj es O f one O f the highest hills in the county, 

 "* commanding the most beautiful and extensive prospects 

 over Essex, Surry, and Kent, in one direction, and Hert- 

 fordshire, Bedfordshire, and Buckinghamshire, in ano- 

 ther. It consists principally of the villas of the opu- 

 lent merchants, &c. of London, and its buildings are 

 equal, if not superior, to any in the neighbourhood of 

 the metropolis. In order to avoid the steep hill, it was 

 proposed to cut a tunnel through it, which was begun 

 in 1808. The roof of it, however, fell in after the 

 work had made some progress, and it was found ne- 

 cessary to make an open cut through the hill. This 

 great improvement is now completed ; and the London 

 road passes below an arch, which it became necessary 

 to build for the purpose of carrying a cross road over 

 the cut 



HIGHLANDS. See SCOTLAND. 



HILDESHEIM, is the name of a German bishopric, 

 founded in 822 by Charlemagne. It extends about 50 or 

 60 miles from east to west, and about 35 from north to 

 south, and contains about 5* square German miles. The 

 soil of the greater part of the district is good, and pro- 

 duces abundance of corn, flax, hops, and vegetable?. The 

 southern districts are hilly, and covered with forests ; 

 some of the hills containing excellent quarries and iron 

 mines. The wood is principally oak, beech, ash, and 

 birch. The diocese contains 16 bailiwicks, 75 manors, 

 13 towns, 234 villages, and 85,000 inhabitants, with an 

 annual revenue of 250,000 rix-dollars. The principal 

 towns are Hildesheim, Peina, Rosenthal, and Marien- 

 burg. After the secularization of the diocese in 1803, 

 it was given among the indemnities to the King of 

 Prussia. After the peace of Tilsit, it formed part of 

 the kingdom of Westphalia. 



HILDESHEIM, or HILLESHEIM, the Bennopolis of 

 the ancients, is a town of Germany, and the capital of 

 the diocese, of the same name. It is situated on a rug- 

 ged declivity, watered by the river Innerste ; about 6 

 leagues S. E. of Hanover, and 10 W. S. W. of Bruns- 

 wick. The town is tolerably large, but is irregularly 

 built, and old fashioned. It is divided into the Old 

 and New Town, which were united in 1583. The 

 principal public buildings are the cathedral, Holy 

 Cross Abbey, the Gymnasium Andreanum, about eight 

 Protestant churches, and several monasteries. The ca- 

 thedral belongs to the Roman Catholics, and its bishop 

 was the only catholic one in all Saxony. It is a richly 

 ornamented Gothic building, and contains among its 

 antiquities the celebrated Pagan monument of Irmin- 

 sal, which fronts the great choir. It is a column which 

 aerves to support a chandelier of several branches. 

 Population 12,600. 



HIMALEH, or HIMALAYA mountains, the Emodus, 

 Himaus, or Imaus of the ancients, is a stupendous 

 . range of mountains, which bound Hindostan on the 



north, and separate it from the country of Great and 

 Little Thibet. In East Long. 76, and North Lat. 

 34 30', the Himaleh range joins the mountains of 

 Cashmere on the west, the northern range of the latter 

 being as it were a continuation of the former. The 

 Himaleh mountains being supposed to commence at 

 this point, take a S. E. direction to Bootan, and form 

 the boundary between that country and Thibet, in about 

 90 E. Long, and 28 N. Lat. stretching still farther to 

 the east they terminate to the north of Assam. The 

 river Burram-pooter is supposed to wind round the 

 eastern extremity of the range about 95 of East Long. 

 It appears from Col. Crawford's observations, that one 



Hippo- 

 crates. 



of the peaks of Himaleh, seen from Patna, is more Hinckley 

 than 20,000 feet above Nepaul, or about 25,000 feet 

 above the level of the sea. The country declines in 

 height from the summit of these mountains to the . 

 south, the surface being irregularly mountainous to the 

 borders of Bengal, Oude, and Delhi, where the plains 

 begin, which stretch to the sea. Several of the tribu- 

 tary streams of the Indus, and probably the Indus it- 

 self, have their origin from the western side of these 

 mountains It is supposed that the sources of the San- 

 poo, or Burram-pooter, and its tributary streams, are 

 separated only by a narrow range of snow clad peaks, 

 from the sources of the streams which form the Ganges. 

 See Kennel's Memoir, and Asiatic Researches ; Hamil- 

 ton's Gazetteer ; and our articles INDIA and THIBET. 



HINCKLEY is a town of England, in Leicester- 

 shire, situated near the borders of Warwickshire. The 

 town is divided into the Borough, and the Bond with- 

 out the liberties. The limits of the borough were for- 

 merly those of the town, which has been extended by 

 the successive addition of four streets, the Bond End, 

 the Castle End, the Stocken Head, and the Duck Pud- 

 dle. The parish church is a neat large structure, with 

 a modern built spire, erected in 17S8, on the old tower. 

 The body of the church seems to have been built about 

 the 13th century. Its length, from the chancel to the 

 west door, is 66 feet, and its width near the chancel 

 about 80 feet. There are three other places of worship, 

 and a Roman Catholic chapel. The town-hall, school- 

 house, and ball-house, are very curious, but in a ruinous 

 state. 



Hinckley was once of much greater extent, and was 

 encircled with a wall and deep ditch, traces of which 

 are still to be seen. The part called the Jewry- wall is 

 said to have been part of the temple of Janus. There 

 is near the river a mount, supposed to have been a Ro- 

 man fortification ; and near the church are the ruins of 

 a bath, with three mineral springs. Tesselated pave- 

 ments, and other Roman antiquities, have been disco- 

 vered here. This town is said to form the middle of 

 the highest ground of England, and commands a view 

 of no fewer than 50 churches. Its principal manu- 

 facture is that of coarse stockings of cotton, thread, 

 and worsted. A larger quantity of stockings is sup- 

 posed to be made here than in any town in England. 

 The number of frames in the town and neighbourhood 

 is computed at 1200, which give employment to nearly 

 3000 persons. The town is likewise noted for the 

 goodness of its ale. 



In 1811, the parish of Hinckley, including Dadling- 

 ton and Stoke Golding, contained 



Inhabited houses 1097 



Families 11:24 



Do. employed in trade and manufactures . . 1010 



Males 2872 



Females 3186 



Total population 6058 



See Nichol's History of Hinckley ; and the Beauties 

 of England and Wales, vol. ix. p. 473. 



HINDOSTAN. See INDIA. 



HINZUAN. See JOHANNA. 



HIPPARCHUS. See ASTRONOMY, vol. ii. p. 590,591. 



HIPPIAS. See ATHENS. 



HIPPOCRATES, commonly called the Father of 

 Physic, was the most renowned physician of ancient 

 Greece, and the oldest medical writer of whom there 

 are any authentic works now extant. He was a native 

 of the island of Cos, which had been long celebrated in 

 the annals of medicine, being the seat of one of the 



