HOLLAND. 



ri- 



tamponed. Toward* the formation of th< 



the Scheldt aerma aleo to have contributed. This 



ft mere Delta; with four or fire 

 At" what time the irruptions of this river 

 by which the island* of Zealand, and the 

 i of those of Holland, were formed, is not 

 miuiatatr known. Pmkerton U of opinion that they 

 hasiuiiii il at the time that the Godwin sand* anwe : 

 ether author* aiatgn them to violent teoapeata in the 

 Man*60andll7U A Zealandic chronicler, quoted by 

 CMveriua, tay*. that the Khud* of Zealand were formed 



79 



s, that Sir William Temple lays it is the plea- 

 antest summer landscape he ever law. There were 

 no fewer than thirty milU employed to drain the 



Holland. 



by violent tempests in the year <P. H i* more pro. 

 bible, however, that tbeae great rbangr* merle slow 



rts 



cent as the fifteenth 



Of the moat recent ebangea in the geography of HoU 

 the enleigenunt of the Zuyder /ee ai- 

 reaily mentioned, that which took place in the year 

 MSI, to the aouth-eaat of Dort, i* the 

 abl. the capital of a bailiwick ef the 



naane. In 1491, this bailiwick waa made an 

 by a violent tempest, which drove the weitir* up the 

 Maear and the Mereune with such violence, that they 



.,, r-> ,..\ :!,. r l.j. k-. an.) -y.i:. .wi.l 



of land, with 70 Tillage* and 10OVOOO 



lake between Uort and Brabant waa al, 



name, of 



but that 



the Maear. Toe isle of 



We come now to the consideration of the agriculture, 

 fisheries, manufacture*, and commerce of the province 

 of Holland. The agriculture of such a country, when* 

 the oil and climate are so very moist, cannot be ex- 

 pected to be considerable, or to present ir. tin, m-truo 

 tive or interesting topics : in some respects, however, 

 k deserves notice, particularly in what regards ihe 

 ; of North Holland, and moat especially of the 



In thi* province, few land* are held in fief, or by ho- AarfenK 

 and the women being very fruitful of children, >ur& 

 generally dividing their landed property 

 estate* are for the roost part email The 

 farms~are aleo email : the farm bou*ea are neat, shel- 

 tered and concealed by small dusters of tree*, and iii- 

 r with their gardens and orchards, in a 

 fence. The Acid* are aeparated fnn 

 and from the road, neither l>y hedge* or 

 walls, but by deep ditches filled with water, over which 

 are laid aaisll bridge*, that may be opened in the 

 middle by a eort of trap door, raised and locked to a 

 post, to prevent the intrusion of stranger*. The roads 

 J on the dike of tb. 



a ferry on the river Doit, 

 red up by the channel of 



The m many place* are made i 



the canal, the 



en which VS ; 



Wat & fkeM*_w, t^BM - |f> 



we* recovered a* Ute a* the year loM4 Narrdeni'tbe 

 capital of a dietriet called GoyUnd : it baa upon ike 

 ZuyderZee, HeeiU.totfaeeaatefAnmiiaiii.and 14 

 to the north of Utrecht. The old town, which stood 

 *Bor* to tb* north, wee ewaaewed up by the sea. The 

 ' rein* are *tiO to be teen at low water, UOpercbea from 

 the preeent town. 



T!,.-,lr,m. I I.:-J, .,, North M..ll4nd 



eld* being frequently between five and six feet below 

 the level of the reed ; but the communication between 

 oat of the farm heum and the village* and towns, 

 end alee between the several parts of the same farm, 

 ia often entirely by mean* of small canal*. The 

 macniiernt public road* in Holland are those in the 

 IH&IIJ of the Hague. The road from this place to 

 Scstrvebng U'pointed out by the Dutch aa aa object of 

 adtmretion to stranger* : the length of this avenue, for 

 it can hrrfly be called a road, is nearly two mile*, and 

 ha tweadih rather more than pace*: it i* a perfectly 

 line, so that the entrance of the road com- 

 of the whole ; and the church of Scbe- 



by WiUiea 



rrfcnceam 

 in 1570. After 

 by a mole of 



giou* height and bulk, proof aguinet all attack* 

 sea, and H i* new. lib* all the other drained 

 eery fruitful *eiL The noise ajsade by the weed 

 neat* like the barking of a 



It !< b|aesbawa* of 



i firet 

 Lord 



1 '-'. 

 tin. it 



'V'thr 



tulinn,, a picturesnue object, terminate* the prospert. 

 taded on each side liy beach**, lime*, ami oak*, 



of en aeliiniatsmg growth, which are so closely and 

 skilfully planted, that they form to appearance an inv 

 pervtow* turret. From Delrt to the Hague, the road ia 

 magwificenUy grand. It L of sufficient breadth to ad- 

 mit four or five carriage* abrraat. shaded on both aide* 

 by lofty tow* of tree*, kept in excellent repair, and so 

 that not the least inequality of ground i* to be 



There ia very little send under tillage in the pro- Tillaer. 

 vine* of Holland, aa may be easily imagined from the 

 nature of the aoil and climate : and what i* under til- 

 IciwaiveU confined to South Holland. 



rVemto8rede\*u. and i. iokied to the farmer by 

 a bridge at the south and. farmer m about 5 male* 

 long, and above 3 broad. The Budnir rulihn T09O 

 acre*, beside* the hh way*, dike*, and canals which 



I lies between 



roa 

 high 



Tib 



.- it in rvrral plaora. It lit bet 

 Former and Edam, east we* a kkc till the year 

 when, after four 



flax, clover. Arc. Tb* country adjacent 

 not far from th* mouth of the Mae**, is 

 to produce tb* beat wheat, aa well aa the 

 grasa in South Holland. Madder of moat ex- 

 quality, naturally as well aa prefjared, in a most 

 r manner, baa long been a productive and fa- 

 crop in Holland. Tobacco ia not so extensively 



MxUcr. 



bank*, by whkii 





r year* 

 tba w* 



cultivated a* formerly. Hemp nourishes H<B1 . 

 wrll. the depth and moisture of the toil 

 being admirably adapted to the luxuriant growth of 



i, by whk4> the water thrown eat-by the mill* WM thi* pleat. Owivtwater, about seven mile* to the south 



Mil, having been broken, after the work we* half of VVoerden, upon the leaser Ynsel, in South Holland, 



WM naeV dry land ; and ia new M plaoli J ia noted for good hemp produced on it* soil. Flax i* 



garden*, orchard., row* of trees, and fertile in- grown net only fir the purpose of laaauCeataire*, but 

 9 



