H O I. L A V D. 







ried to the Prince of Wale*, afterward* Edward III. of 



I This king afterward* contested the earldom of 

 with Margaret, h; i-trr-in-law In ih< 

 1117, Jacquelin. heiress of Holland, married John I V . 

 Duke of Brabant ; but her uncle John of Bavaria, who 

 had ussgned the bishopric of Liege, in the hopes of 

 esposjsmg her, contested the succession. A kind of 

 anarchy followed. Jacquelin went to Kngland, where, 

 in I WS, she married Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester; 

 bat this marriage having been annulled by the i'ope, she 

 Hurried, in I M*, Borselen, stadthobter of H<> 

 But having no children by any of her husbands, Philip 

 the Good. Duke of Burgundy, who was her first cou- 

 sin, obliged her to give up the administration and go- 

 vermnem of her ttates, and at her death inherited them. 

 Soon aftcrwsffu*. Honand, with the other large posses- 

 sion* of the House of Burgundy, fell by marriage to 

 the House of Austria. Its history, from this period, 

 under the article NCTHCRLANDS. 

 ' of HoUmut, by H. Meterlecamp, 

 1WH; !>. ' r*r /afetY* of H<M**I . xr \\,U 



lima Temple'* Oiurrmtvmt on Ik* NrtktrUnds ; Mr* 

 l!.lo" r . - '. iTSlta :-.r ...jh lt.':..;1 , l-i;. I y.i, 



Mrw*** O* SnArnu rfrswAfc M 1800, by R. Fell, 

 (w 



lie- 1 .1 \N'I>, Nrw, an island in the Sooth Pacific 

 gtapheis have oiled a conti- 

 its rmm.T-r rxtent. It* gUJiial outline 

 itotTjetofaspawr 



rat above 000 mile* between 

 Saajihr Cape and the entrance of Sharks Ray ; and k* 

 length .luasn.tJOO mile* from Cape York on the 

 to Wilson'* PiuiauntuM in -Vf IV south lari- 

 Holland wsa originally called the Great 

 its present name waa imposed by the 

 b, who navigated the coasts at an early period ; 

 but it ha* lately been proposed to alter its appellation to 

 Notasia by Mr Pinkrrton. and to Terra A.ntraK. by 

 Captain Hinders, neither of which will probably be 

 adopted. >hatever being known of the inte- 



rior, and very little with certainty of the skirt* of the 

 island, it is only divided into portions called by the 

 manes of their *sjupouJ owwsjisjs. and the mrti 

 wh*rb they commanded ; as, Amhrhn's. Van Diemen'*, 

 Endraehf* or Corcord'*, Rdcs*s, and Leva. 

 in'* bmd, on the north and wsjst, an 



^W IwM 0alID. I Hw sTfttt COawVf WM waasaT^AVVMl IftTTHPTaU IV 



by ( aptain Cook, and called New South W.U, ; and 

 the portion from Caw Howe, the soothfast extremity, 

 to Nuvta's Archipelasjo. where the recognition of that 

 i* supposed to have terminated, occupving 

 o and 800 ssiles, was examined by D'Kntre- 

 B .Captasp Fsindors, and M. ~ 



ot.l'T * rr 



New Holland i* begirt with tmall sitd 

 A large portion of the COM is inaccesaft 



or shoals, or the precipitussi formation of the 



at * ttllJ t K* aaWVaBBBifBBu? "> K-?- *^ 



* IW siVml BBsWIOTs CSIRDIw 1 *' 



mg a barren aspect A few lofty headland* project 

 into the sea ; bars and harbour* are rarely to be seen, 

 and navigable river* are scarcely ytc dasctmait The 

 northern coast ie mdentsjd by the imBense gulf ot 

 penoria, stretchsnf 4OO sttiak in width at the entrance, 

 awl |inili*liii 300 miles into the knd; which, al- 

 though it i* rudely laid down in the Dutch chart* of 

 TM r*t completely explored by 

 Captain Flinders m 1 80S. Shark* Bay, where Dam. 

 p.<r anchored hi I9Q, was lately ascertained by the 

 French to be 50 league* deep. *>- 



there are several less capacious on the south coast, as HoJUnd. 

 King George's Sound. 1'ort 1'hilip, and We>tern-nort, New - 

 .it the second of which n Britan sett!, 

 tempted in 18O4. On tlie east coast, Bot.v 

 the most important, from the flourishing establishment 

 connected with it ; and two other inlets of a clilii-ront 

 description on the south coast merit notice, fron: being 

 supposed the entrance to some great river dividing 

 New Holland asunder. One of these, called Bona- 

 parte's Gulf by the French, and S|x-ncer's Gulf by 

 the English, 4S miles wide at the mouth, penetrates 

 the land 185 miles, terminating in a point exactly op- 

 posite to the bottom of the Gulf of Carpentaria. The 

 other, separated from it by York's Peninsula, of which 

 the extreme point lies in 136 52 1 Kast Longitude, is of 

 sniatter dimension*. The tide flowk4O miles upHawkes- 

 bory river falling into Broken Bay, near Port Jack- 

 son, whither it is navigable by the largest vessels, and 

 still farther by those drawing nine feet water. It is 

 the mort important river hitherto seen in New Holl.-md . 

 and from the flooding* above, sometime-, overflows those 

 parts of the banks 40 or 60 feet above it* ordinary 

 level, thereby committing great devastation. King 

 William's River, on the west coast, is now conjectured 

 to be little more than a creek, whose narrow entrance 

 is obstructed by rocks. 



Nothing can- be more repulsive than the bleak and 

 dreary appearance of thousand* of miles occupied by 

 the shores of New Holland. The earth is parched, 

 ytjatatiaii stunted, and animal life seems incapable of 

 bemg supported, from the universal scarcity of subsist- 

 ence. It* low, uniform and sterile aspect is such, that 

 many conceive the whole has only been recently re- 

 claimed from the sea. Nor is it so with the continent. 

 si part of New Holland alone ; for, amid't the nume- 

 rous island* on the *outh. " nothing smiles to the ima- 

 gination ; the soil i* naked ; the heaven* burning pure 

 and cloudlets ; the waves agitated, but by nocturnal 

 gale*. Man seems to have fled these ungrateful re- 

 gions ; and the navigator, terrified by dangers inces- 

 santly renewed, turns ai'l.' l'i weary eyes from the 

 miserable shores." Yet, admitting that the exter 

 of later origin, we inu-t reflect on the vast extent of 

 the interior y n; where lofty mountains, 



wide rivers, en< ', may all be freauent A 



greater portion i< unexplored than equal to the course 

 of the longest river in the world ; and possibly iu 

 streams may be received in lake*, discharged by sub- 

 terraneous channels, or absorbed in sandy desarti. \\> 

 are aware, indeed, that, in the warmer climates, islands, 

 which are the work of an inconsiderable insect, arise 

 in the seas ; that they become a resting place for birds ; 

 decomposition and lert 



tilisation follow ; the seeds of 



plants are conveyed thither, and the deciduous part* 

 of vegetable* are not slow in forming a new soil, 

 ther M it improbable that volcanic eruption* may form 

 a nucleus or substratum for future accessions. ( 

 that* accessions are *o gradual, that many ages would 

 he rerpiired for the formation of so great a country M 

 New Holland. Beside*, the appearance of the coast 

 cannot be rigorously applied to the interior ; and those 

 mineral* supposed to enter the constitution uf primi- 

 tive mountains, arc discovered here. 



We are not enabled to give any fpedflc account of the 

 mineralogy of this country. Wilson's Promontory con- 

 sists of granite ; there arc several small islands, some of 

 which are granitic, and some volcanic ; and coal is dis- 

 covered near the surface. Coloured precious stones are 

 also Mid to have ben found in different puts, but we do 



