HORTICULTURE. 



209 



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quires a light but good soil ; if the subsoil be wet, it is 

 extremely apt to canker. It is rather of low growth ; 

 against a wall, however, it grows freely, and produces 

 abundance of fine fruit. The golden pippin is highly 

 French horticultural writers, under the name 

 of Heineite d'Aneleterre. Miller notice- the general 

 felling off of this fruit, and the subject has been en- 

 larged upon by Knight : the fact cannot be denied : 

 the former ascribes it to the practice of grafting on 

 free-stocks instead of crab-stocks ; the latter, we believe 

 with more reason, to the natural decay of the variety 

 through old age. The lialgnnr pippin, to named from 

 the seat of Sir James Suttie in East Lothian, much re- 

 semble* the golden pippin, and to all it* excellencies 

 add* the advantage of larger size. The tree grow* 

 luxuriantly against walls, and appear* at present to be 

 in health and vigour. It deserves the attention of the 

 horticulturist* of South Britain. 



The \oitparril i* one of the bent apple* known, and 

 the chief of the russet tribe : it i* rather a flat-shaped 

 fruit, with a sharp, pleasant, high-flavoured juice. It 

 i* scarcely ripe till the end of November ; but if well 

 ripened, it keeps till May, or later. The tree grow* 

 to a large size ; and in a good soil, such a* a hazelly 

 loam, it bean pretty freely. It is very generally train- 

 ed against a wall ; and in the northern parts' of the 

 island, it require* not only a wall, but a good aspect. 

 The Scarlet nonpareil ripeits more freely than the 

 former ; and the frisk become* larger, and more smooth 

 and plump, being at the same time highly charged 

 with the flavour peculiar to the nonpareil : k i* in tea- 

 son hi January and February. 



The llittito* pippin t an excellent apple ; when well 

 ripened, it adds to the de***rt ; for kitchen u*e it is un- 

 ee grows freely in almost every situat ion, 

 and i* a good bearer. The fruit i* of a greenish yellow 

 colour, with red or brown streak* on the side next the 

 on. It keep* very long, remaining quite firm till April 

 or May. Mr Nicol is justly in rapture* with it : "It 

 I* called a uni venal apple for these kingdom* ; it 

 ill thrive and eren ripen at John-o. Groat's, and it de- 

 acrvo* a place at Exeter or at Cork." It was long *np> 

 posed to have been raised at Ribtton Hall in Yorkshire; 

 Lot k i* now ascertained to be a Normandy pippin, in- 

 troduced early in the 18th century. 



The Gi.'i* pippin i* inm*ri*ii called the Original, 

 the Arbroath pippin : by Fonyth it is 

 Onelon. Thi* i* a very good apple, excelled in 

 r only by the tionconil, over which it ha* the ad- 

 r of ripening in a wane dhneoj. It doe* not 

 1 k should be eaten from the tree, and it 

 i* known to be fit for ue by it* acquiring a foe yellow 

 It ia particularly described by Dr Duncan, 

 the fir* vohune of the Scottiah Horticultural 

 The tree grow* freely by cutting*, provided 



each cutting 



tiom, that of fifty branche* detached early in the spring 



more than one half blossomed and produced ripe fruit 



need ripe truit 



in* ***> year; they continued fruitful for the next 

 two yean, and promised to (arm )iir**m*i< fruit-bear, 

 ing tree* The Oaba ha* been for time immemorial 

 cultivated at St Andrew* and Arnroath, where there 

 were formerly magnificent establishment* for 

 by whom it was probably introduced from France. 



The /lortkormitan. or White Apple of Hawthorn- 



<lean. derives it* name from the romantic seat, in Mid 



IxHhian, of the poet and historian Drummond, at which 



he wa. i*ited by the celebrated Ben Jonson. It i* a 



. ii. IMMT I. 



summer apple, but does not keep long ; it is juicy and 

 pood, excellent for kitchen use. The tree is a free 

 grower, and bears quickly and plentifully ; it is how- 

 ever but short-lived, generally shewing symptoms of 

 decay when twelve or fifteen years old : it is well cal- 

 culated, therefore, for a temporary tree in any situation, 

 and for this purpose it is much employed. 



The Margaret apfle is also called Magdalene apple ; 

 it is an early fruit, of good flavour, but does not keep 

 long. The tree is of middling size; commonly produc- 

 tive. 



Jenneting, or Geniton, as Dr Johnson has it, is ge- 

 nerally supposed to be a corruption of June-eating. It 

 i* a small fruit, but very early ripe ; certainly how- 

 ever not in June, nor earlier than August. It is per- 

 haps inferior to the Uslin, Margaret, and one or two 

 other early apples ; but no one possessed of a healthy 

 jenneting* tree in full bearing would willingly part 

 will i it 



The Konauh U a well known pippin ; the tree is 

 rather subject to the canker, but it generally bears more 

 or lea* every season. 



The Margil is a very good late apple, fit for the de- 

 sert in January ; the fruit is much improved when the 

 tree is trained against a wall. 



The Quince apple i* a small fruit, shaped like the 

 quince ; the side next the sun of a russet colour, the 

 other side yellowish ; it is an excellent .ipplc tor about 

 three week* in September, but doe* not keep much 

 longer- The tree i* of low growth. 



The Aromatic pippi* receive* its name from its fine 

 flavour ; the side next the sun is of a bright russet co- 

 lour. It ripen* in October, and it fit fur use from De- 

 cember to February. 



The Royml ruttel, or Irathercoat russet, is so named 

 from the Jeep russet colour of the skin ; it is a large 

 fruit, of an oblong figure, broad towards the base : it 

 is an excellent kitchen fruit, and may also appear in 

 the dessert ; it ketjM till Apnl. '1 he tree grows to a 

 large size, and bear* very lit 



The different varieties of ('utllini are chiefly baking 

 apple*, although they may also occasionally be taken 

 to the table : they are early ; but none of them are 

 good keeping apples. The trees are great bearer*, and 

 take commodious half and dwarf standard* in gar. 

 den*; the latter are frequently trained around hoops 

 to support their branche*. An account of the valuable 

 properties of U.< ind Keswick rodlin* u given 



by the Right I Inn. Sir John Sinclair in the firt volume 

 of the Scottish Horticultural Memoirs. The codling 

 arc frequently propagated by dips, suckers, or layers, 

 tree* thus procured yielding fruit much more quickly 

 than grafted tree*. 



The AVwfoii pippin and Spittenbtrg tipple are two 

 American sort*, which have of late years become fa- 

 vourite* in some part* of this country. The former was 

 introduced from Long Island, New York : it is a beau- 

 tiful and excellent apple ; it ripens best on a wall, but 

 in favourable seatons it succeeds on espalier rails, or 

 even on dwarf standards. The Spittenbcrg is also a 

 very good fruit, with somewhat of the pine-apple fla- 

 vour; the tree requires a sheltered situation and a good 

 Mil : it is observed to thrive better on a west than on a 

 south wall. 



The Grry rmnrl, Reinette grise, is a middle-sized 



fruit, of a deep grey next the sun, but on the other 



ride intermixed with jellow ; a juicy apple, of a quick 



flavour, yet sugary : it ripens in October, but does not 



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