HORTICULTURE. 



277 



Honc-n- 





be incr*a*ed by parting the roots. A few plants are 

 sufficient, as it is not much in use. To promote the 

 production of young leaves and shoots, the steins are 

 two or three times cut over during the summer. 



Rape. 



395. R*pe, or Coieteed, (Brattica Kaput) is *own 

 tfr* * salad herb, to be cut while in the seed-leaf, 

 in the same way aa mustard. A variety of this plant 

 the small French turnip or navew, already 

 1 of 318. Some consider rape leave* as a good 

 T>ic, and take them boiled. 



In the lasnr way, radish seed (Raphanut tativm, 

 $329.) i* sometimes sown thick, and cut in the seed- 

 leaf for use. 



396. Horte-roditk (Cochlearia Armoracia, L. ; 7V- 

 Iradynamia Siliculota; Cruet fertr, Jus*.) i* a perennial 

 plant, growing naturally in marshy place* and by the 

 aide* of ditches in some part* of England, and figured 

 in " English Botany," t. 2223. The leave* are very 

 Urge, and vary considerably in appearance; being some- 

 time* entire, or only crenated, snmntim*s deeply pinnati- 

 VI ; the flower* are white, and come in loose pani- 

 cles. It has long been cultivated in garden* ; tfae root 

 craped into shred*, being a well known accompani- 

 ment of the roast beef of Old England, and also Heed 

 to give a M*t to winter salad*. The Mil should bo 

 rich and deep, in order to induce the pUnts to strike 

 their root* freely. Crowns having about two or three 

 inches only of root attached to them, moke very good 

 tout* ; but cutting* of the knotty parts of the root*, 

 1 alway* they bo raioiihH with one or two 

 eye*, are often unfenod, a* they are to be 

 ontiislj under the ml. They are generally 

 ptallJ, m February or March, in line*, leaving a foot 

 and a half between each line ; and for the first season 

 therefore, slight crop of *pinach or lettuce may be 

 fatal botwoan the line*. The sets are placed at the 

 depth of at leoat a foot: if tfae soil be light, fifteen 

 rnohe* i* not too darp. The root* are not dug for use 

 till the second year ; and they are railed only when 

 ' i mmgent quality * raying rapidly a* the 

 The bed lain for four or five year* ; care 

 digging the roota, to leave the stock 

 plant, or original set, untouched, removing for use only 

 the upright straight root of twelve or fifteen inches 

 length, produced by planting at that depth. 



driea. 



n 



CrOM. 



997 



tiful contrast with the flowers of borage. The seeds Kitchen 

 when green, form a favourite pickle ; they are often Cudm. 

 called capers, and substituted for them. 



If the seeds be sown in April in drills about two 



Indiau 



CXlf-. 



07. Indian ('rat. or Katlnrtuim, ( T'Opm*i*m maiut. 

 'tetWn. III ajjllfl; Gonmso, Jus*.) i* a native 

 of Peru: it waa introduced into England near the 

 dose of the 1 7th century. It is the cmpwcit* of the 

 FlMii.li. The sulks, if supported, will rise six or eight 

 feet high ; the leave* are peltate, or have their petiole 

 fixed to the centre of the loaf; tfae flower* are very 

 ohuwy, of a brilliant orange colour, and continue in 

 tail Bin from Jory till destroyed by frost. In it- 

 native country k endure* several seosons; but here, 

 bring unable to sustain our winter, it is treated a* an 

 mmoal plant and sown every year. The flowers and 

 young leave* are frequently eaten in salad* ; they have 

 a warm taste like crusts, and t'r-Mii this cin.um-.Umc 

 the name of nmttnrfutm has been bestowed. The flowers 

 are alto used a* a garnish to dishes, and form a beau- 



inches deep, in places where the stalks can have sup- 

 port, no outer care is necessary. A fresh but poor soil 

 is better than a rich one, which last makes them too 

 rampant and less fruitful. The plant is often em- 

 ployed as a temporary hedge or screen, to hide any 

 disagreeable object, stakes being fixed which it soon 

 completely covers. Although destitute of proper ten- 

 drils, the petioles or leaf-stalks make a peculiar bend, 

 by which they attach themselves to any small body 

 coming in the way, and support the plant. The seeds 

 ripen freely in September, and may then be gathered 

 for pickling, keeping some of the largest and ripest for 

 next year's sowing. 



There is a variety with double flowers, which is 

 continued by cuttings, and sheltered in a hot-house, or 

 the warmer part of a green-house, all winter. It is 

 both highly ornamental as a flower, and form* a still 

 more beautiful garnish than the single. 



398. Dwarf Indian Cretf, (Tro/xeoium minut, L.) i* nwarfin- 

 also a Peruvian plant, and an annual ; it is cultivated dun a**.- 

 in the BUM way, and for the same purposes aa the 



other. It is generally sown on borders, and allowed 

 to spread on the ground. There is likewise a double 

 variety of this, which forms a very pretty greenhouse 

 oooiment. 



Marigold. 



399. Mori fold, or pot marigold, (Calendula officina- 

 lit, L. ; Syngenetia 1'olyvamia nectttaria; Corymbi- 



Jertt, Jus*.) i* an annual plant, a native of France and 

 Spain; but one of the oldest and best known inhabi- 

 tants of our garden*, its flower* having fonnerly been 

 much in repute, aa " comforter* of the heart." Though 

 little faith is now placed in it* virtues, it still keeps its 

 place ; it is to be found in most cottage gardens both 

 in 1 .ngUnd and Scotland ; and Mr Marshall observe.', 

 that " the flower i- a valuable ingredient in broths and 

 soup*, however it may have got into disuse." Tho 

 flower* are dried in autumn, and kept in paper t>ags 

 for u*e. Tlie tingle-flowered orange marigold is most 

 aromatic, and the most proper for Keeping. There i, 

 a pale flowered variety, called the Lemon-coloured 

 mangold ; and there are double-flowered varieties both 

 of the orange and lemon colour. The most curious 

 variety is the chikling or proliferoua, which sends out 

 small flower* from the margins of the calyx of the 

 Urge centra] flower* ; but this sort i* very apt to de- 

 generate ; to give a fiu'r chance of preserving it, seed 

 should be saved only from the Urge central flowers. 

 The common inaiigold ows itself abundantly, and tl.r 

 seedlings may be transplanted in May ; so that, when 

 the plant ha* once wubli-bed it* If, there i* seldom any 

 need fur sowing. 



400. Borage (Borago officutalu, L.; Penlandria Borm , ti 

 Monegyntai nat ord. Atferijolia) is an annual plant, 

 either a native or completely naturalized in many 

 part* of Britain ; ( Kug. Hut. t .;<>.) The lower leaves 

 are oblong and spread on the ground ; the flow rr- 

 stems rise near two feet high ; both they and the 

 leave* are rough with white bristly hairs; the bright 

 blue flowm make a beautiful appearance, and are 

 produced for several months in succession. Borage 



