HORTICULTURE. 



293 



its beautiful *pikw of orange flowers either in Novem- 

 ber or in March. Two species of Monarda should be 

 admitted ; the Oswego tea or M. didyma, which has 

 scarlet flower*, and M. fistolosa, the flowers of which 

 are purple. The perennial Lupine (Lupimiu pert****) 

 is now a rare plant ; but a more showy species, from 

 Nootka Sound, (L. Naotkoteiuis) ha* received the name, 

 and is generally and deservedly cultivated. Of the 

 Poppy genus two perennial species are worthy of atten- 

 tion ; the Oriental (Papaver oriental it ) with large bright 

 annax flowers, and the Welch. (P. Cambrian*) with 

 flowers of a deep yeUo. R*0. V'.Wian (t'aleriana 

 nbra), when of a dark colour, is highly ornamental, 

 and there if a white variety which forms a fine contrast. 

 Several kinds of Peony, particularly the double dark 

 red and double blush {varieties of I\ronia officinalit), 

 and the white- flowered, (P. albifiora), are magnificent 

 border plants. The smooth-leaved Bell-flower (Cam- 

 panula nilida) is very ornamental, appearing for some 

 weeks completely covered with its blue flowers: the 

 Dutch, it may be observed, have a double variety of 

 this, which has not yet found its way into our gardens. 

 Of the numerous genus Alter, three species are of pro- 

 per sise for the middle of a border, and shew fine live- 

 ly blue flowers ; the Italian starwort, or A. amellus ; 

 the alpine, or A. alpinu ; and the A. spectabilis. 



Ragged-Robin, or Lyckit&o c*c*li, native of 

 our meadows, when double-flowered, make* a beauti- 

 ful appearance, and is of course perfectly hardy. The 

 varieties of L. dioica with double red and with doa- 

 ble white flowers, are also very showy : In England, 

 these often get the name of red and white RachslctV 

 Bottom, hile in Scotland this name is more commonly 

 given to thff double varieties of Rft&HDCuluj afiTfiitilo- 

 lius and aeria. The plantain-leaved crowfoot ( &NNM- 



a ilaaimlih 



alpinum) is a plant of considerable beauty, which thrives Flowe.- 

 in similar situations. -_-.. ' 



488. Among lorn-growing jlowtrs for the front of the Lo W . gtow . 

 border, the double purple Jacobea (Senccio elegant) 

 holds a distinguished place. It is, strictly speaking, 

 only an annual ; but the double variety is continued by 

 cutting*. If a few small plants be preserved in the 

 green-house during winter, they will afford cuttings in 

 the spring, which, as soon as they arc well established, 

 are to be planted out in the borders. There is also a 

 variety with double white flowers, which is not un- 

 common in gardens in the vicinity of London. 



Several Phloxes are very ornamental, particularly 

 the common Lychnidea (P. tuarroien*) with variega- 

 ted leaves ; the early flowering, P. divaricata ; P. subu- 

 lata or awl-leaved, and P. setacea or fine-leaved ; with 

 P. ovata, and P. stolonitera or creeping. Phlox subu- 

 lata should be allowed to form a large patch on the 

 ground in fr*nt of the border, being in this way ex- 

 tremely brilliant when in flower; in this way, too, the 

 plant suffers lea* during winter. This species and the 

 P. setacea are best propagated by cuttings ; the others, 

 by parting the roots in autumn. 



The great flowered Siberian Fumitory (Fumaria no- 

 bili.< ) is very handsome, and continues long in flower. 

 /'. tormosa, remarkable for its delicate blush coloured 

 blossoms, may also be noticed ; and the yellow species 

 (/'. lutea) is valuable, as affording a patch of this co- 

 lour in the border from April to November. 



Our cotnmom Bloody Crane's-bill (Geranium tnngvi- 

 nevm) is not unworthy of a place; and the same may 

 be said of the striped variety, commonly called Gera- 

 nium LancMtriense. The streaked crane's-bill (G. 

 ttrialum) is a delicate looking flower, which generally 



and May : it 



the Garden Rocket or dame's' violet (Httperii 

 matronalu). there are double white and double purple 

 varieties ; the former is the kind generally seen in gar- 

 dens, the latter being rare. They are both excellent 

 border flowers, being at once showy and fragrant. Ifthe 

 stuck-pUnts be allowed to remain long without tram. 

 planting, they arc apt to die off; supply should there- 

 slip* or cutting* every year. 



The yellow species of Monkey-flower ( Mimulut In. 

 i in April tent) introduced about 1812, is an acquisition, as it is 

 rather pretty, and continues several months in flower : 

 Though a native of Chili, it proves quite hardy. Differ- 



flowcrs, and the varictie* 

 era, shookl not be omitted : 



peat-earth. 



*'i:.i 'II 



with red 

 tWy 

 The 



grow 



belU 



icularly U. grandiflora and 



cie* of Solomon's^eal. particularly 



atam and multiflora, aobrd green* 



lower (TroUua Atiatictu) be 

 katlf, it mav be i' ' ' 

 ige flower* 



beat in a mi 

 floneteu Pc 



coloured flo 

 yellow flow 

 folia , and s 

 Convallaria 

 ish-whitebl 



not planted 



into the bos 



brilliant ; it require* a strong loan. The 



globe-flower of our upland meadows (T. Ettropttu*) 



may also have a place, the flower* being handsome and 



of a fine yellow, and being the Ituktmgsmmu mentioned 



l>v Hums m hi* poem*. 



In any moist and rather shady situation, the Ame- 

 rican cowslip (DodecaHtom Ifeadta) will grow, and 

 freely display its very elegant flowers in the month of 

 May. It wine peat earth be mixed with the soil, the 

 plant become* more strung. Barren wort (I'.ptmtdwm 



ries of (Knottier* are of humble growth, ami pro. 

 Be yellow flowers, particularly (E. Fraseriana, 

 fnilicosa, and pumila. Patches of the purple A lye- 

 sum (Fartttta drUoidfn) are very beautiful in the spring 

 and early part of summer, when covered with flowers. 

 A common native plant, Manh-marigold (Caltlia pa. 

 Imttrit) is likewise very showy in the early part of the 

 Tear ; a large paten of it make* a brilliant appearance 

 for several week*; being naturally a marsh plant, it 

 grow* best in a moist border. Feather-grass (Slipa 

 praaata), when it* long and delicate awn* are display- 

 ed in August and September, is justly admired for its 

 light and airy appearance. 



Violet* of different kinds are well known ornament* ; 

 the Canadian ( Viola Csnadnuu) is particularly ele- 

 gant ; and the Sweet, or March violet, ( V. odorala) i* 

 not only desirable for it* fragrance, but the large flower- 

 ed double variety is beautiful. 



Different specie* of Anemone, chiefly with blue 

 flowers, may adorn the front of the border ; such as the 

 splendid Pasque-flower (A. pvliatiUa) ; different varie- 

 ties of the star anemone, (A. tiortrmit) ; the blue 

 mountain and the meadow anemone (A. apennina and 

 pro/earn). Some of the Gentians are also fine border 

 plants, especially Gentiana asclepiadea and cruciata, 

 both with blue flower*. 



489. Among the flower* which have now been enu- 

 merated, a good many are natives of North America, 

 such as all the species of the elegant genera Phlox and 

 Chelone. A separate American Garden is, however, a 



