304 



HORTICULTURE. 



d arden. 



Rosary. 



way of propagating adopted by the dealers in roses. 

 Few of the kinds need any other pruning than shorten- 

 ing some of the strongest shoots, to cause them push 

 new buds and bear more flowers. 



The following are the species generally preferred, but 

 a few only of the varieties can be enumerated. 



Hundred-leaved rose, (Rosa centifolia.) Of this there 

 are many varieties, as the Dutch, blush, velvet, and 

 Burgundy, the latter an elegant little plant, sometimes 

 not more than a foot in height. 



Red rose, or Crimson rose, (R. Gallica.) This is the 

 kind the unexpanded petals of which arp uaeJ ft>r ma- 

 king conserve of roses. A sort with variegated flowers 

 is called Rosa Mundi. 



Damask rose, (R. Damascena.) Of this there are 

 some pretty variations, as the blush damask, the York 

 and Lancaster, and the red and the white monthly 

 roses, these last continuing to flower in succession du- 

 ring most of the summer. 



Provence rose, or Cabbage rose, ( R. provincialis, ) is 

 one of the most beautiful of the tribe, and perhaps the 

 most fragrant of all the roses. Of it there are likewise 

 some favourite varieties, as the scarlet, the blush, and 

 the white Provence ; the rose de Meaux, and the pom- 

 pone or dwarfish rose de Meaux. It may be remarked, 

 that if the new wood be in a great measure cut down 

 every year, after the flowering is over, the plants throw 

 out more vigorous shoots, and yield a greater profusion 

 of flowers. 



The Moss rose ( R. muscosd) is well known in gar- 

 dens in a double state ; but it is curious that the single 

 moss rose is quite unknown to us. The double is of- 

 ten propagated by budding on other stocks ; but better 

 and more durable plants are procured by laying down 

 the branches. A white moss-rose has lately appeared 

 in the London nurseries ; but it is still scarce and high 

 priced. 



The common White rose (R. alba,) both single and 

 double, deserves a place ; as well as the varieties called, 

 large, small, and cluster maiden blush. 



Single yellow rose, ( R. lutea. ) The Austrian rose, 

 with the petals orange or scarlet at the base, is consi- 

 dered as a variety of this. Both kinds grow better in 

 upland places than in the richest and warmest situa- 

 tion. 



The Double yellow rose (R. sulphured) is remarka- 

 ble for the flowers seldom opening fairly. It should be 

 planted in a cool and rather shady situation, or at least 

 it does not succeed against a south wall. It is quite a 

 distinct species from the single yellow ; the leaflets, for 

 example, are simply serrated, not glandular, and they 

 are glaucous underneath ; while in the single yellow, 

 they are doubly serrated, glandular, and of a shining 

 green. 



Of the Cinnamon rose, (R. Cinnamomea,) a variety 

 with double flowers is usually cultivated. It is the 

 smallest and the earliest of the double roses, often 

 coming into flower in the beginning of May. 



Scots rose, or Burnet rose, (R. spinosissima. ) Of 

 this species, which, as a native plant, is more common 

 in Scotland than in England, several varieties have 

 long been known, particularly the red, the semi-double 

 white, and the semi-double red. Messrs Brown of the 

 Perth nurseries, have of late years raised several new 

 and very beautiful varieties of this rose. The Rosa 

 Ciphiana, celebrated in a Latin ode by Sir Robert Sib- 

 bald, the earliest illustrator of the natural history of 

 Scotland, was a variety of this species. Professor Mar- 

 tyn says it was found on his " Ciphian farm ;" but the 

 fact is, that the name of Sir Robert's estate was the un^ 



Flower 

 Garden. 



poetical one of Kips, from which, euphonia gratia, Ci- 

 phia was formed. 



Sweet-briar rose, (R. rubiginosa.) Of this well ^m* 

 known species, the Eglantine of the poets, there are se- 

 veral varieties, the common double flowered, mossy 

 double, marbled double, and red double. A single 

 flowered yellowish variety is kept in some gardens, but 

 it is very scarce. 



The Musk rose (R. moschata) is a climbing kind, 

 flowering late, and continuing till the enrl < /-"i-'-x.-.. 

 It varies witV. A n- n^,, K ia. 



The deep red China rose ( R. semperftorcns) if placed 

 against a south wall, or in front of a green-house, 

 flowers for the greater part of the year. There is a 

 pale China rose, by some considered as only a variety 

 of R. semperflorens. 



The Indian rose, (R. Indica, already noticed, 4"2. ) 

 is a very great acquisition to our gardens, being perfect- 

 ly hardy. Although but lately introduced, it has now 

 become very common ; and by means of it we pos- 

 sess, in the open air or against a wall or paling, full 

 blown red roses in March and April, and in Novem- 

 ber and December. The common sort has very little 

 smell ; but a fragrant variety has been raised, thus uni- 

 ting all the excellent properties of the rose. 



In order to have a continued succession of roses, for 

 instance of the lamimuii moss rose, ilie best plan Is, to 

 cut off in May the tops of shoots produced the same 

 spring. In this way new shoots are elicited, which come 

 into flower late in autumn. 



Beds of roses, of different shapes, are now commonly 

 formed in the lawn near the mansion-house, or by the 

 sides of the approach to the pleasure garden ; when of 

 an oval form, they are often called baskets of roses. 

 The surface of the circle or oval is made to rise in the 

 middle; the shoots are layered, and kept down by 

 means of pegs till they strike roots into the ground ; 

 the points only, with a few buds on them, appear above 

 the earth. By this sort of management, in two or 

 three seasons, the whole surface becomes covered with 

 a close and beautiful mixture of flowers and leaves. 

 Sometimes only the moss rose is employed for this 

 purpose; but frequently several kinds are intermixed. 

 Even a single plant, particularly of the moss-rose, may, 

 by continued attention, be made in this way to cover a 

 large space, and to afford at once perhaps several hun- 

 dred flowers. Plans for rosaries of different shapes, 

 circular, oval, square, and octagonal, have been pub- 

 lished by I.ec and Kennedy, and circulated along with 

 their list of roses. 



Climbing Plants. 



527. In many gardens a walk is arched over with Climbing 

 trellis work, either of wood or wire, principally for the p 

 purpose of affording a proper opportunity of cultivating 

 the finer kinds of climbing shrubs, and enjoying the 

 beauty and fragrance of their flowers, which render 

 such a berceau walk extremely delightful in the warm 

 weather of July and August. The finest of them, how- 

 ever, flourish only in the milder counties of England, 

 and are planted in vain to the northward of York- 

 shire. 



The Kidney-bean tree ( Glycine frutescens), shews 

 elegant clusters of purple flowers ; and the Virginian 

 silk-tree (Periploca Grceca) produces bunches of flowers 

 of the same colour. Smilax aspera, sometimes called 

 Rough Bindweed, and S. excelsa, although their flowers 

 are not showy, are desirable climbing plants, as they 

 retain their verdure during winter. Of the honey' 





