HOT 



321 



H O U 



nmmt T ought to have done in the time since it was issued to 

 -" ""' them, from their ignorance of the means of preserving 

 it ; but those articles which are capable of being kept 

 clean by washing, together with their arms and ac- 

 coutrements, which they have been taut- lit to keep 

 bright, are always in good order. They are now like- 

 wise cleanly in their persons ; the practice of smearing 

 themselves with grease being entirely left off. I have 

 frequently observed them washing themselve* in a ri- 

 vulet, where they could have in view no other object 

 but cleanliness. ' These men shewed themselves high- 

 ly deserving of this favourable testimony, during three 

 year* service in the diotant district of (iraaf Heynet, 

 where they were required, by an unfortunate train of 

 events, to act against their own countrymen and com- 

 rades ; y> all that time, according to the tes- 

 timony of Mr Barrow, they never shrunk from their 

 duty, and only one roan deserted in the whole corps. 

 They became to attached to the Hritish government, 

 that, after the evacuation of the colony, tluy refused 

 to enter again into the service of the Dutch ; and most 

 of them, upon being disbanded, fled into the interior 

 to join their oppressed countrymen. 



The labours of Christian misuonaries, particular 

 su. the Moravian Brethren, have not been lew successful in 

 forming the Hottentot race to live under the influence 

 of religious principle, and to fulfil the duties of civili- 

 sed society. The progre** of their disciples at Bavian's 

 Kloof, so far back a* the year 1798, is thus described 

 by Mr Barrow : " Early in the morning I was awaken- 

 ed by the noise of some of the finest voice* I had ever 

 heard ; aad, on looking out, saw a group of female Hot- 

 tentots sitting on the ground. It was Sunday ; and they 

 had asauiiblid thus early to chaunt the morning hymn. 

 They were all neatly dressed in printed cotton gown*. 

 A sight so very different from what we had hitherto 

 been in the habit of observing, with regard to t! 

 happy class of being*, could not fail of being gr . 

 ami at the same time, it excitrd a degree 

 as to the nature of the establishment." " These mis- 

 lianarir* have succeeded in bringing togetl. 

 society more than an hundred Hottentots, and 

 numbers are daily increasing. These live in snmll huts 

 1 over the valley, to each of which was assign- 



Houwu 



ed a natch of ground for rutting vegetable*. Those, 

 who had first joined the society, had the choicest situa- 

 tions at the upper end of the valley near the i him h ; 

 and their houan and gardens were very neat and com- 

 fortable ; numbers of Ute poor in England not so good, 

 nd few better. Tbone Hottentot*, who chose to learn 

 their respective trades, were paid far their labour a* 

 soon a* they could earn wages. Some hired thermelve* 

 out by the week, month, or year, to th neighbouring 

 taaantiy ; other* made mats and broom* for sale. Some 

 bred poultry ; and other* found mean* to subsist by 

 their cattle, sheep, and hor*e ' 

 all regularly attend the performance of divine service ; 

 and it is astonishing how ambitious they are to appear 

 at church neat and clean. Of the three hundred, or 

 thereabout*, that camneatd the congregation, about half 

 were dressed in coane printed cottons, and the other 

 half in the ancient iheep skin duau* ; and it appeared 

 on inquiry, that the former were the first who had been 

 brought within the pale of the church ; a proof that 

 their circumstance* at least had suffered nothing from 

 their change of lile." The deportment oi 



nj; divine service wm* truly de- 

 vout. The diaconne, delivered by one of the lathers, 



VOL. XI. PART I. 



was short, but replete with good sense, pathetic, and Hotumou 

 well suited to the occasion : tears flowed abundantly 

 from the eyes of those, to whom it was particularly nd- 

 dressed. The females stine in a style that was plain- 

 tive and affecting ; and their voices were in general 

 sweet and harmonious." This establishment i '. 

 bed by Lichtenstcin, little more than six years after- 

 wards, as containing two hundred houses and huts, 

 built in regular streets, and occupied by nearly 1100 

 Hottentots ; several of whom had become very expert 

 in various kinds of iron work, particularly in i'*e ma- 

 nufacture of knives. " The men are clothed in linen 

 jackets and leather small clothes, and wear hats ; and 

 the women have woollen petticoats, cotton jacket.* with 

 long sleeves, and caps. Other missionaries have col- 

 lected thi- wilder Hottentots in the more distant parts 

 of the colony; and I vi- s-ucreeded in instructing and 

 civilizing them in various degrees, proportioned to the 

 duration and circumstances of the dil Ulish- 



mentJ. Even the Bo*jcsman Hottentot* have Wen 

 found in places beyond the limits of the colony to be a 

 docile and tractable people, inoffensive in their man- 

 mcly grateful to their benefactors. '1 he 

 t' the colonv by the British has at least se- 

 . to these defenceless tribes a protection Irom cruel 

 oppression, and an encouragement t<> every benevolent 

 exertion for their benefit, which they never enjoyed 

 under the Datch government See Span-man's f'oyage 

 to Ute Copt of Good Hope. Palerson - ./ ,,rnies into the 

 Country iff tht Hottentott. Barrow's Travel* into the 

 n,r of Southern Africa. Campbell'* Trim It in 

 i. "Lichtemtein's TrateU in Souther* Africa. 



('/) 



\DS. See Doo, HUNTING, and MAMMALIA. 



Hot <. ANG, or Hoo-QuANO. See CHINA, vol. vi. 

 pxtU. 



IK 'I IS. See CHRONOLOGY, vol. vi. p. 4O2. 



HOI '.\, IT II \i,rs*.\. the capital of a kingdom of 

 imp name in Africa, is supposed to be situated two 

 days journey south from the Nijjer, and about 200 miles 

 south east from Tombuctoo. As it appears to have 

 been unknown to the African geographer Leo, it is 

 nupectrd to be of modem date ; and, as Park could 

 hear nothing of Tokrur or Tekrur, mentioned by Edrissi 

 and Abulfeda as the metropolis of a great central em- 

 pire of Africa, it is conjectured th.it Houssa must have 

 superseded that ancient capital as the scat of govern- 

 ment. Former accounts represented it as almost equal 

 to ixHidon or Cairo in population, and its inhabitants 

 as acquainted with the art of writing, and other civi- 

 lised attainments. The country along the banks of the 

 Niger, between Houssa and Tombuctoo, was also de- 

 scribed as fertile, and well inhabited. All the native 

 travellers, with whom I'ark convened, assured him 

 that Houtsa was larger and more populous than Tom- 

 buctoo ; and that the state of trade, police, and govern- 

 ment, were nearly the same in both places. The recent 

 Narrative of Adams the American sailor enables us to 

 estimate the amount of this comparison, and to form 

 some idea of Houssa, when he tells us, that Tonibuc- 

 tno, to which it bears so near resemblance, coven 

 about as much ground as Lisbon with house* irregu- 

 larly scattered ; that it contains no shop* for it* boasted 

 commerce, but tlint the imported goods are deposited 

 in the king's palace, till they are disposed of; that 

 thi royal residence and warehouse is constructed of 

 mud, and altogether mean in it* appearance ; and that 

 the principal food of the king and queen consuls, like 

 2 



