716 



ICHTHYOLOGY. 



British parts of the coast, and sometimes ascends the larger 

 '' S *' C8 rivers, into brackish water. 



GENUS XCIV. GASTEROSTEUS. Stickle Back. 



102. G. aculeatus. Three spined stickle back. 

 Common in rivers and ditches. During floods it is 



sometimes swept into the sea, where it attains a great- 

 er size than in fresh water. 



103. G.pungilius. Ten spined stickle back. 

 Chiefly found on the coast. Is rare in Scotland. 



104. G. spinacliia. Fifteen spined stickle back. 

 Inhabits the sea. It appears to be a weak fish, as it 



is frequently cast ashore by the tide. 



GENUS CII. TKIGLA. Gurnard. 

 Gurnard. 105. T. gurnardus. Grey gurnard. 



This is very common on all parts of the coast. Be- 

 ing easily taken, it is much used as food by the crews 

 of our coasting vessels. 



106. T. cuculus. Red gurnard. 



Common on the English coast. Unknown in Scot- 

 land. 



107. T. Lyra. Piper. 



Found on the western coasts of England, where it is 

 held in some estimation. 



108. T. hirnndo. Sapphirine gurnard. 



This remarkably beautiful fish is found on the coast 

 of Wales and Devonshire. 



109. T. lasloviza. Streaked gurnard. 



The species described by Donovan as the streaked 

 gurnard, Trivia lineata, tab. iv. appears referable to 

 this species of La Cepede, from the coincidence of the 

 numbers of the rays of the fins. The last author, how- 

 ever, is silent with respect to the branching of the thread- 

 like ridges on the belly. The specimen which Dono- 

 van figures, was taken on the eastern coast of England. 



110. T. lineata.. Lineated gurnard. 



This is the species originally described by Mr Jago, 

 and introduced into the British Zoology by Mr Pen- 

 nant. It has been taken on the coast of Devon in 

 great abundance, by the late Mr Montagu. In this 

 species the ridges are not branched, and do not reach 

 the length of the belly. 



111. T.leevis. Smooth gurnard. 



This is a new species, found on the coast of Devon, 

 described by Montagu in the second volume of the 

 Memoirs of the Wernerian Natural History Society, 

 p. 455. " It is taken," he says, " by the shore nets as 

 well as by hook, the finest when fishing for whiting, 

 by a bait of Launce. It is sometimes called Yellock, 

 at Torcross, by the fishermen, but generally confounded 

 with the Sapphirine, the Red and the Streaked (li- 

 neated) gurnards, under the denomination of Tub." 



GENUS CV. GYMNETRUS. 



112. G. Hankenii. 



Dr Shaw, in his General Zoology, vol. iv. p. 1 98, af- 

 ter describing this species, says, " it appears from a 

 print published in the year 1798, that a specimen of 

 this fish was thrown on the coast of Cornwall in the 

 month of February in the same year Its length was 

 eight feet six inches, its breadth in the widest part 

 ten inches and a half, and its thickness only two inches 

 and three quarters. The tail in this specimen was 

 wanting. The colours the same as in the specimen fi- 

 gured by Dr Bloch." 



GENUS CVI. MULLUS. Surmullet. 



Surmullet. 113. M. barbatus. Red surmullet. 



The only evidence of this species being found in our 

 seas, is, the following passage in the British Zoology : 

 " We have heard of this species being taken on the 



coast of Scotland, but had no opportunity of examining British 

 it ; and whether it is found on the west of England l-'^hcs. 

 with the other species or variety, we are not at this **" ~Y" 

 time informed." 



114. M. snr mulct us. Striped surmullet. 



This species is not uncommon on the English coast, 

 and has been considered by some as merely a variety of 

 the former species, an opin : on with which we are dis- 

 posed to agree. 



GENUS CX. LABRUS. Wrasse. 



115. L. gibbus. Gibbous wrasse. Wrasse. 

 Inhabits the coast of Anglesea, and first described by 



Pennant as a British species. 



1 1 C. L. trimaculatus. Trimaculated wrasse. 



First observed by Pennant on the coast of Anglesea, 

 and afterwards on the coast of Devon. In the Frith of 

 Forth it is called the S<'a Perch. 



117- L. cornubiciis. Goldfinny. 



This appears to be a common species, and was first 

 observed by Mr Jago in Cornwall. In the Frith of 

 Forth, according to Mr Neil], it is called the Bra&ny. 



118. L.jiilis. Indented striped wrasse. 



This species was observed by Miss Pocock on the 

 coast of Cornwall in the year 1802, and is figured by 

 Donovan in his British Fishes, tab. 96. 



119. L. tinea. Ancient wrasse. 



Not uncommon on the English shores. It has like- 

 wise been found in the Frith of Clyde. 



120. L. bimacultilits. Bimaculated wrasse. 

 Brunich observed thi.s species at Penzance, on whose 



authority it was inserted in the British Zoology. 



121. L. variegatus. Striped wrasse. 



Pennant obtained this species off the Skerry isles, on 

 the coast of Anglesea, from which place Donovan like- 

 wise obtained specimens. 



122. L. coquus. Cook wrasse. 



This is rather a doubtful species, as no naturalist has 

 found it since the time of Mr Jago. 



123. L. linealus. Streaked wrasse. 



This species is figured by Donovan in his British 

 Fishes, tab. 74, as a new species. It was taken on the 

 Cornish coast, where it is called green Jisfi. 



124. L. comber. Comber wrasse. 



This species is but little known. Pennant says, " I 

 received this fish from Cornwall, and suppose it to be 

 the comber of Mr Jago.' 



GENUS CXVII. SPARUS. Gilt Head. 



125. S. auraia. Lunulated gilt head. Gill head. 

 This species is not uncommon on the coast of Wales ; 



in other parts of this country it may be considered as 

 rare. 



126. S. pagrus. Red gilt head. 



Not uncommon on the coast of Devon, where it is 

 taken near the shore by the hook, and in nets. 



127. S. lir.tatus. Black gilt head. 



This species, which Montagu considered a non-de- 

 script, and which he has figured and described in the 

 Memoirs of the Wernerian Natural History Society, 

 vol. ii. p. 451, tab. xxiii. is frequent on the coast of 

 Devon, in company with the preceding species. 



128. S dentex. Four toothed gilt head. 



This species has been added to the list of British 

 fishes by Mr Donovan. It is figured at tab. Ixxiii. of 

 his British Fishes, from a specimen caught in the sea 

 off the coast of Hastings in Sussex. 



129. S. Rail. Ray an gilt head. 



This species was first observed by Mr Johnston, 

 who communicated it to Ray. B\ this author it was 

 described under the title, " Brama marina cauda for. 



