B O T A N V. 



'Hiitory. other good descriptions, the characters of the rarest 

 * v ' fungi. And in 1808, the Flare Parmenne began to 

 be published by A. Poiteau and P. Turpin. 



While these gentlemen were, however, employing 

 their talents for the advancement of the science in a 

 more general way, others, who may be said in some 

 ounse to have been their assistants, as they contribu- 

 ted not a little to the materials which they made use 

 of, were engaged in ascertaining and describing the 

 plants of particular districts. 



As the bounds which we have prescribed to our- 

 selves in treating this article do not, however, admit 

 of our entering into a detail of their respective merits, 

 we shall content ourselves with barely stating, that 

 Gerard favoured the public with a Flora of Provence, 

 in 1761 ; Joseph de Necker, with a Flora of the 

 French Netherlands, entitled Dclicite Gallo-Belgicae 

 silvestres,. sen tractatus generalis plantanim Gallo- 

 Belgicarum, several years afterwards ; Durande, with 

 a Flora of Burgundy, in 1782 ; Villars, with an elabo- 

 rate history of the plants of Dauphiny, in the years 

 1786, 1787, and 17S9 ; and Thuillier, with a Flora of 

 the plants growing in the neighbourhood of Paris, in 

 1793. Much information was likewise communicated 

 during this period with respect to the Pyrenean flora, 

 by Palasso, De la Peirouse, Florimond Saint Amans, 

 and others, who successively visited the Pyrenean 

 mountains, and paid great attention, among other 

 things, to their vegetable productions. It may be 

 > worth while to add, that of the three gentlemen 



whom we have mentioned above, as authors of a ge- 

 neral flora of France, two were themselves also local 

 writers ; for Buchodz published an elaborate Histori- 

 cal Account, illustrated with figures of the plants 

 growing spontaneously in Lorrain, and part of the 

 adjacent country to the north ; and Bulliard wrote a 

 Flora Parisiensis, or as he otherwise entitles it, De- 

 scriptions et Jigures des plantes qui croissent aujc en- 

 virons de Paris. 



In Spain. We have only farther to add, with respect to Eu- 

 ropean botany during this period, that considerable 

 light was thrown on the flora of Spain and Portugal 

 by the labours of Quer, Ortega, D'Asso, and Van- 

 tjucr. delli. Joseph Quer y Martinez, professor in the 



royal garden at Madrid, and projector of the only 

 general history of Spanish plants which has hitherto 

 appeared, began to publish the Flora Espanola in 

 1762, and succeeded in the course of two years in 

 completing the publication of 4< quarto vols., on the 

 principles of Tournefort ; the first and second being 

 chiefly occupied with preliminary matter. His death, 

 which unfortunately happened soon after, prevented 

 his going on with the accomplishment of his design. 

 But his successor in the professorship and charge of 

 Ortega. tne garden, Dr Casimirir Gomez de Ortega, the se- 

 cond of these writers, who has also treated of the 

 plants growing in the environs of Trillo, took up the 

 subject, and added two vols. more in 1784-, in the 

 form of a continuation. About the same time, D'As- 

 eo published a synopsis of the native plants of Arra- 

 gon. And in 1788, Vandelli favoured the public 

 with a -work of some value on a subject hitherto al- 

 most unnoticed, except by Grisley, who lived more 

 than a hundred years before him, entitled Florae Lu- 

 kitanica; et Braziliensis Specimen. 



With the names of the above-mentioned botanists, HUtory. 

 we might here associate those of the late Anthony Jo. fc ' v~ -' 

 seph Cavanilles, a Spanish abbe and professor, who Cavanilles. 

 published at Madrid in 1791 1801, his Icones et 

 descriptions Plantanim, qua; aut sponlein Hispania 

 crescunt, aut in hortis hospituntur ; and of Fel. A- 

 vellar Brotero, who published in 1801 his Phytogra- Brotero. 

 phiae Liisitania: selectior Fascic. I. ; and in 1804? his 

 Flora Lusitania, in 2 parts. The botany of Portu- 

 gal has been still more recently illustrated in the Flo- 

 re Portuguese, par J. C. Compte de Hoffmansegg Hoffman- 

 et H. F.'Link. Berlin, 1809, fol. We are likewise *egg. 

 indebted for some little information to the scientific Link, 

 zeal of two or three modern travellers. But, with the 

 exception of what is to be gathered from their wri- 

 tings, the state of indigenous botany in Spain and Por- 

 tugal is nearly the same as it was twenty years ago. 



In tracing the progress of discovery in exotic bo- Progress ol 

 tany, that part in the history of the science, which, E*tic bo- 

 agreeably to what we have before intimated, falls tanv ' 

 next to be considered, we might have begun by glan- 

 cing at the meritorious zeal of those who have occa- 

 sionally favoured the public with descriptions of 

 one or more remarkable foreign trees or herbs. 

 We might, for instance, have mentioned Dr Wright, 

 as having furnished us with an excellent account of 

 the Quassia Simaruba, Cinchona Cariboea, and Geqf- 

 Jreea inermis ; Dr Hope, as having written well on 

 the plant yielding the assajcetida ; Ellis, on the dio- 

 neea muscipula ; Fothergill and Solander on the u>2- 

 tura arornatica ; Dryander, on the Styrax Benzoin, 

 or Benjamin-tree of Sumatra ; Lindsay on the Cin- 

 chona orachycarpa, and Quassia polygama, or bitter 

 wood of Jamaica, and a great many others, on the 

 particular subjects which had attracted their atten- 

 tion, and called forth their descriptive powers. With- 

 out, however, pretending at all to enumerate the in- 

 dividuals of this extensive, and respectable class of 

 writers, or to give any adequate idea of" the service 

 which they have collectively rendered to the science, 

 we shall rather proceed, as we have been already do- 

 ing in the case of European botany, to specify the 

 labours of such as have employed themselves on a 

 more enlarged scale in illustrating the botany of par- 

 ticular districts or kingdoms. And if we follow the inthtSout 

 order of time with regard to the old continent, it of Africa. 

 will be found, that the Cape of Good Hope and ad- 

 jacent country, which botanists are in the use of call- 

 ing Southern Africa, were early attended to. For 

 Peter Jonas Bergius, a pupil of Linnasus, and lately Bcrgius. 

 professor of botany at Stockholm, published his 

 Descriptions plantanim ex eapite bonce spei, Stock- 

 holm, 1767, containing admirable descriptions of a 

 great many specimens sent him in a dried state, by 

 an eminent merchant of the name of Grubbius ; i 

 and it will be proper to add, that among these he 

 constituted several new genera. The following year, 

 the^younger Burman, professor of botany at Amster- Burman. 

 dam, published something on the same subject from 

 the valuable collection of plants left him by his father 

 in the Flora; Capcnses Prodromus, printed along with 

 his Flora Indica. And since that time, our acquaint- 

 ance with South African plants has been very much 

 enlarged, in consequence of the researches of the cele- 

 1 



