i y D i A. 



2? 



pfr. Acbcr had the mMmuuUe address to render hit 

 milter's ulent* solely wibeervient to the necessities 

 and advantage at the ulate ; while at the Mine time, by 

 Mat i ling hi own authority on every proper occasion, 

 he restrained the peation* of Bynun. ami placed limits 

 to hia ambition. The unsettled u e in which the em- 

 pire bail been left, required all the talent* and resolu- 

 tion, and occasionally all the fianhnesa of the miniater, 

 and all UM bravery and gentleness of the prince, to re- 

 dwet to any kind of ordei the discordant material* of 

 which k wee cosnueH The first act of Acber gave 



prceageof the principle* on 

 which he intended to regulate hi* conduct. Me 



orders prohibiting the exaction of the present money, 

 on the arcaasinn of the new sovereign, from the farmer*, 

 ; the pressing of labourine: men for the wan, 

 tting all good, to pas* from one part of his 

 i to mother toll free. 

 4*00, The first yean of Acber*s reign were employed in 



UM r**oit4 the reduction of the revoked protmcea. from Ajmeer to 

 Bengal. In thia enterprise Byram we* a principal 





.tJto 



the 



.byapro- 

 regtilatioiM : by an 



in religion* matter* ; and by a pro- 



prr .itlriiti.i.! ti :: . :..,! :. ,t..| u..ln , ,,' I.',, |~-., .;. 

 The Himloos still tor^JUiegrwa ma*, of his subjects; 

 had learnt from peat eventa. that the 

 *e religion and temper of these people would, if 

 i to themselves, never dutntfa the estaHiahed eoveep. 



fa* vt. 



..I . f jr d.rfrrrrit kir.lt.. .tru^lr ,ti 



had 



Mecca. He 



end gtantode for the eebatoMiel beneota he 

 ved frem him. aa we! a* the natural kindneM of Ac- 

 ber*snrtare, praeapted him le grmt a fall pardon to the 

 The sovereign invited him with kiodneaa to re- 

 le bis errvice; and when Byram threw hoMetfat 

 I ef the throne, he took him by the hand, raiaad 

 .end thro wing a robe of atate over him. placed 

 him M hia farmer rank at the head of the nobtea. 

 MM! Acl.cr. ' the lord Byram lovaa a miiiury life, be 

 afaaU have the gnenamoil of Calpe and Chindore ; if 

 at court, he ahall be loaded with 

 prafpoB pfoiBpt OMB to no on A 



bat inWll Da* aVaMntatxft 111 A BBMMBsW 



- ." 



BMnteslono> *A Ki tt^oa*v ** UwrWMwa osmtsisftoMi>Oks*l eaW^ vul^^a^^ 



u i L[ !< i* iiit ' i . ^ TI i \ its. i ;, ' ' . r ri . *< j i ^; r ' 



IT* i ***** Acbcr c* T * hin a ontoblv rvtin*e v ond 

 M>.000 rwpm to Mpport him. On hi* journey to Mec. 



f KA* ^Aal aa*at Jl _ JLJat-lJu >,MM^ea*a*J w*f k k.. ___ > __ 



^f av ^F^B* BHorapieivWfT fOOTvo* wnn ni iraara, oy 

 erne ef the Afghana of the tribe of Ixwdi. 

 ui* In the year |g*5. be reaelved to attack the Pecan ; 



* ^w M 1 *" Barer, while 



A.O.UM. 



ner of the empire. The Decan appears at UM* tone to 

 have been divided into the state* of Khendeiah, Dowisv 

 CnV-fmoi. and ' Bejapoor. Benr end the Car- 



^^^^ * ^'In^lis^n* H^CWOnru VwOnH QHUBCK 



> do not seem a* thia period to hove I 

 in the Decan. Most, if not all thefomr etetee jost enume- 

 governed by If ahomeden princes. In hia 

 amat the Decjm. Acber waa net completely 

 for at the period of hie death in the year 

 A. a 1M*. M06, DO farther pragrea* waa aede in the 



it and the contiguous provinces, than the occupying the HUicty. 

 western part of Berar. Khamleigh, Tt-llinpana, a division > " "Y^" 

 of Golconda, and the northern part of Dowlatabad. The 

 capital of this last province vras uken in the year 1601, 

 after a long and bloody siege, and an unsuccessful attempt 

 to relieve it, by the confederate princes of the Decan. 



In these wars Acber himself was not engaged Thf\ 

 were carried on by his son*, and the I'atan and Hindoo 

 chief* on the frontiers. In the mean time, the emper- 

 or himself, with his minister the learned Abul Fuzel. 

 waa employed in regulating the internal management 

 and economy of the kingdom. Inquiries were net on Hli ""' 

 foot, by means of which the revenue, population, pro- P' 

 duce, religion, art*, and commerce of each individual 

 district were ascertained, as well a* its extent and rela- 

 poaition. Most of these ini|x>rtant and useful par- 

 ticulars were by Abul Fasel collected into a book, call- 

 ed the Ayeen Acbaree, or Institutes of Acber. 1 lindw- 

 tan proper waa divided into eleven soubahs, some of 

 which were in extent equal to large European kingdoms. 

 The soubahs were again divided into invars, and these 

 subdivided into purgunnahs. The names of the origi- 

 nal soubahs, a* well as of those which were added, have 

 already been given ; and the leading particulars rela- 

 tive to the extent. &c. of each soubah. will ! noticed 

 when we treat of the statistic* of India. At present, 

 wr thai! only offer a few remark* taken from Major 

 Beimell, on the boundaries of those toubah* that border- 

 ed on the Decan, in order to have a more precise and 

 eccnraic idem of the conquest* of Acber. 



uaerat extended southward to Damaun, where H - ueon 

 it touched on the district of Bagiana, adivuionof Amed- 



Mswati extended to the south of liie Xerbudda river ; 

 end en angle of it touched on Bagiana and KhandrUi, on 

 the south. we*t end south, end on Berar on the east. 

 The Nerbodda farmed the rest of the eouthern boun- 

 dery of Melweh. and also of Allahabad, i n- 



ment ef Bengal extended to Cuttack, and along the ri- 

 ver Mahannddy ; but the oubali of Orisaa appear* 

 net to have been formed at that time. 



Of the newly erected aoebab* in the Decan, Khandeidi, 

 the amalleat of then, occupied the space between Mal- 

 wah on the north. Berar on the east, and Amednagur on 

 the weet end south. 



Benr hail AUahabad and Mai wait on the north ; Khan. 

 deieh end Amednagur on the west ; Tellingana and 

 Golconda on the south ; and ()n-vi on the east, as al- 

 ready staled, only the western part* of Bcrar were rt- 

 dsjced by Acber. 



Amednagur, the eotJthnHNt of Acber'* aoubah*, h.vl 

 Khandeish and Ualwah on the north ; the Ciaut or Uala- 

 gaut momntaJna on the west ; Vuiapour and Tellingana 

 on the sonih ; and Berar on the e nt. The limit* of 

 this sovbab ere not denned in the Ayeen Acbaree ; and 

 ee Acber had wan in the Decan during almost hia 

 whole reign, it may be aapposed that it* limit* were 

 perpetually fluctuating. 



Tellingana, which in the Ayeen Acbaree i* called a 

 orcar of Berar, waa po*eased only in part by Acber. 

 Telhngana, of which Warangole was the capital, com- 

 prehended the tract lying between the Krishna and 

 Godavery riven, and east of Visiapour, (answering to 

 the modem pro. i nee of Golconda,) and was probably 

 in more early time* an extensive kingdom." 



After Aclier l>ad ascertained, by the enquiries he in- 

 etknted, the condition and the wants of the different 

 province* of his va*t empire, he applied himself most 



