INDIA. 



63 



U 550 mSe*. Tbe Godavery rises in the Western 

 Ghauts at Trembuch Nassor, about 70 miles to the 

 north east of Bombay. Its course U at first due east, 

 through Anmgabad and Telligana; it afterward* turns 

 to the sonth-ea-t. At Rajamundry, in the Northern 

 iet into severn! brnnchei, which form a 

 fertile Delta, and irreral harbours for small vessels. 

 lu whole miles. About 90 miles 



tram it* mouth it it joined by the Bainjunga. 



To the south of the Tuptee, the course of all the ri- 

 ven i to the ea, in consequence of the superior ele- 

 vation of the Western Ghaut*. The few rivulets that 

 Bow into the wss>em tea descend so abruptly from the 

 mountain*, that they hare not time to collect into 

 streams of any magnitude. Those on the eastern skle 

 are mostly choked with sand banks, thrown up by a 

 violent *urf across their mouth*. Some of these, ho w- 



jMSSSf 



to - Ml v. 



in the Western Ghauts, not i 

 the west coast of India. Its direc- 

 t till it Teaches Mersetch, in the 

 Here it is joined by a number 

 from the Ghanta, united under the common 

 nssne of Warnah. Its course i* now more to the east, 

 whan to valiuns is again Inrrssmil by several rivers, 

 the principal of which are the Malpurba and Toom. 

 buddra. It form, a delta near Maeunpetasu, after a 

 course of nearly 650 mile*, h equals, if it does not 



, any other Indian river, in the fortuity which it 

 daring its course ; watering, and of course fcr- 



tilling the provinces of 

 Sec. Tothesoath 



ofthe 



nearly to the Ghauts. A* it i* 



r, ileder. Hyderabad, is shnnet salt during the dry 



h. is the Pennar, the rains bring down the torrent* f 



Pakr, and the Cavery. The I 'ennar is said to spring ' - l ^~'~ ---- 



asnong the hilk of Nudtdiutj.j in the Mysore 



eouiw i* northerly till it reache. Gooty, in the Bak- 



atGu* rsyatn*snintheCWnrlf. JOSntketothenort) 



The water is salt, as it has a communication with the Statistic. 

 sea by a very narrow and deep outlet ; and, indeed, evi- ^""V*"' 

 tleiitly has been formed by the sea breaking over the 

 flat sandy shore. This lake receives one of the branches 

 of the Mahanada. It contains several islands, which 

 are inhabited. Between the Kristhnah and Godavery, 

 in the lower part of their course, there is an extensive 

 tract of flat and rich country, evidently alluvial, and 

 formed by these rivers. It is about 1 50 miles in length 

 along the sea coast, and from 40 to 50 wide. About 

 half way between the two rivers, there is a hollow of 

 considerable extent in this alluvial soil, in the lowest 

 part* of which there is a lake at all seasons. The whole 

 extent of tfm hollow ground is 47 miles from west to 

 east, and 14 from north to south. During the rainy 

 season, the whole is covered with water, except 60 or 

 70 very small eminences, on which the inhabitants take 

 refuge. Thi* is the Coloir lake. Between it and the 

 Godavery and the Kristhnah, there are traces of a chan- 

 nel, formed by the native* either to drain the lake, or 

 to irrigate and improve the adjacent lands. The latter 

 purpose ha* indeed been effected by various other chan- 

 nels. The lake of Pulicat, on the coast of the Carna- 

 tic, i* about &S miles from north to south, and 1 1 miles 

 in it* broadest parts. It* water i* salt, as it communi- 

 cate* with the sea by several narrow channels; and it 

 evidently owe* its origin to the same cause which pro- 

 duced the Chilka lakes. There are several large island* 

 in it. The lake of Onore, in North Canara, reaches 



in fact a large bason, it 

 on ; but when the 

 from the mountains, its 

 In the northern part* of Hindos- 

 tan there are few lakes, especially in the vicinity of the 

 There are also two lake* ckee 



Ganges and the Indus. 



under the walk of Ajmeer ; the most northern i* six 



ea, he Cavery has to 

 , a district among the 



of Madras. The Paler aim spring* frem the hilk ef 

 Nuudydroeg. but it* course M to the south. After 

 flowing fas ttM smiles through the Mysore sad Carnetic, 

 it folk into the sea at Sadraat. the C 

 source in the Coarg country. 



W^*Bt*nB*sn p *lk*kana>s Kal . ^ 



*W*jWH VMMMnV W K W Of HO 1 



it. Near El *ji I . tti 



, in the Cametic, h again separate* 

 into two brancW which surround the island of So. 

 nnghem. Tbe northern brsnch is named the Coloroon. 

 the southern retains the name of Cavery. About IS 

 milts farther to the east, these branches apneoach rsrh 



. !.,.. I . ,, I . 



i !->nrv< I LI '>r- 1< r I j 



; the Cavery from (ailing into the Cekeueii. the 

 of which is fort sewer The Celoreon <alk into 



Ml ill*? ( ***TTT Alt I 0lt*9fV. 



delta than any other nver 

 their whole course i* about 900 

 near Kvana Sssnodra, an 

 iia c etas art, the 



Ganges: 



These n 

 hi Me part of Indie 

 In 







and isf the i>hiwl mn*t tK> n,,,,. ^ . 

 ^^"v ^^ run* <w a 



the Cavery. which was form*! <* 

 fcrt in dies 



bridge w 

 i ,> . There 



* - aw granito CO 



diasneter, and O feet long; when entire, the 

 was 300 yards in length. 



re are but few lakes in Hindeatan. The Chilka 

 ftrides the northern Cirears from the Cuttark d- 

 of Orbsa h i* about 93 mike long, and eight 

 Towards the east and south, it i* bounded by s 

 sand, verv plain and flat, and about a mile m 

 *Jd< wngrth. west by a chajn of mountains. 



ofws 



The 



thi reign ef Firoae II. It i* 

 tr ever completed ; if they 



l*wy WMaWl DeftW vniwVtt UM I MUM B4J UM 



u : for one of them wee drawn from the Junanah, 

 the city of Hissar ; and 

 to form a water comma ni- 

 end the sane town. Tbe 

 first canal, which asenss to have been conpleu-d, was 

 1 1 ailgisfiiril SBike in length. It was repaired and 

 nret used to Delhi, in Ifi86, by Shah Jehan ; thus mak- 



Thereis 

 part of 

 drawn. 



It i. emid to have been 100 miles long. Besides these 

 main canak, there were several brancne* which united 

 hi diaWentpart*, and in different direction*. The 



i was to fertiliae a vast tract of 

 'dry and sterile, and also to facilitate and 

 mls'nd navigation. In 1810, the British government 

 cleansed and repaired the canal to Delhi, which, during 

 the tonrekians of the Mogul empire, had been almost 

 wholly choked up. From Shahpoor, where the Ravey 

 enters the plains, a canal was drawn from this river to 



ing ik* whale length 1 74 geographical mihw. 

 no atsetse or dear intaasaiiisj respecting the 

 the Sutlege from which the other canal was 



