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admiral, to take the command of the fleet stationed at 

 John Paul, tne Liman, or mouth of the Dnieper, and oppose the 

 Turkish fleet under the Capitan Pacha. On the 26th 

 May 1788, lie hoisted his flag on board the Wolodimev. 

 His squadron was supported by a flotilla under the 

 Prince of Nassau, and land forces under Prince Potem- 

 kin. Our limits forbid us to follow Admiral Jones 

 through this campaign. It afforded him many opportu- 

 nities of displaying his characteristic intrepidity and 

 professional skill ; but mean jealousy and malignant 

 cabals deprived him of much well-earned glory. He 

 was, however, invested with the order of St. Anne, as 

 an acknowledgment of his fidelity ; and, on his arrival 

 at St. Petersburgh, he was told that he was destined 

 for a more important service. Disgusted, however, by 

 the intrigues of selfish men, he left Russia in August, 

 1789, and never returned. 



The remainder of his days he spent partly in Hol- 

 land, and partly in France. He* collected a number of 

 important documents relative to the public transactions 

 in which he had been actively concerned ; and, as if 

 he had foreseen that he was not to be long-lived, he 

 devoted much of his leisure to the arrangement of his 

 affairs, and to the preparation of papers, which should 

 exhibit his character and his services in their true light 

 to his friends and to posterity. He died at Paris of a 

 water in the chest, in July, 1792, having barely com- 

 pleted his forty-fifth year. His funeral was attended 

 by a deputation of the National Assembly, r.nd an ora- 

 tion was pronounced over his tomb by M. Marron. 



Among the Admiral's papers were found Memoirs of 

 his life, written with his own hand;. a most interesting 

 literary production, which it is in contemplation with 

 his friends to present entire to the eyes of the public. 



The above sketch has been drawn up from some of 

 .the documents above referred to. (0. T. A.) 



IONIAN ISLANDS, is the name given to the islands 

 in that part of the Mediterranean, between the coast of 

 Greece and the island of Sicily. There are seven de- 

 tached islands along the shore, which are ranked among 

 the Ionian islands;. namely, Corfu, Santa Maura, Itha- 

 ca, or Thiaki, Cephalonia, Zante, and Cerigo, toge- 

 ther with several islets, extending from about 36 to 

 40 N. Lat. and from 19 30' to. 23 10' E. Long. But 

 this, perhaps, may be more properly considered a po- 

 litical association than an arrangement to be recognised 

 in geography, unless it were restricted to narrower li- 

 mits, where the juxta position of Santa Maura, Ithaca, 

 Cephalonia, und Zante, would naturally admit of it. 

 Corfu and Paxo are removed at a considerable distance 

 north-west, and Cerigo more to the south-east, with 

 few intermediate points of approximation. The num- 

 ber included under the general name of Ionian Islands 

 has been different at different times ; and there were 

 formerly annexed to the jurisdiction under which they 

 were placed five sea- port towns on the neighbouring 

 continent, Bucintro, Gomenitza, Parga, Prevesa, and 

 Vonitza. 



Climate. The climate of these islands is in general temperate ; 



but, at certain seasons, the transitions from heat to 

 cold are so sudden, that the inhabitants are compelled 

 to use great precautions against their effects. Copious 

 rains, attended by thunder, commence about the same 

 period as winter in Britain ; yet roses blow during 

 the coldest weather. Hot and scorching winds some- 

 times destroy the vegetation ; violent squalls are conti- 

 nually felt in the channels separating their respective 

 shores ; and the hurricanes on the west and north-west 



of Paxo have rooted up the olives, and obliged the 

 islanders to substitute vines. All the islands are sub- 

 ject to earthquakes, which ffave repeatedly overthrown 

 cities, and buried their inhabitants in Vuins. 'Scarcely 

 a month passes without shocks being experienced in 

 Santa Maura. Zante was almost totally destroyed by 

 one in 1790, and in the summer of 1811, several 

 shocks daily were common. The sphere of their ope- 

 ration is not extensive, seldom affecting any but the 

 isles in the vicinity, or the neighbouring continent; and 

 sometimes it is confined to a single island exclusively. 

 They are also described to be undulations, rather than 

 vibrations or concussions. Water is scarce throughout 

 the islands. There is no large stream or r^ver dischar- 

 ged into the sea ; and the inhabitants are supplied from 

 wells, or, in many parts, with cisterns excavated from 

 the rocks to retain the residue of the rains. Corfu, Extent 

 which extends about 35 miles in length, and is esteem- 

 ed the chief of the Ionian islands, contains a popula- 

 tion of 60,000 souls. Paxo, distant 8 miles south of 

 its extreme point, is 18 or 20 miles in circumference, 

 and has about 4000 inhabitants. Santa Maura, ly- 

 ing considerably to the south-east, is about 50 miles 

 in circuit, and contains about 20,000 inhabitants. Itha- 

 ca is interposed between it and Cephalonia, extending 

 18 miles in length, and having a population of 8000 

 souls. Cephalonia exceeds all the others in size It 

 is 100 miles in circuit, or, following the curvature 

 of the coast, about 150, and its population is equal 

 to that of Corfu. Zante lies 6 miles to the south of 

 Cephalonia, and is about 12 miles in length, and 30 

 in circumference, but more populous in proportion 

 than the others, as its inhabitants amount to 40,000. 

 Cerigo lies at the distance of about 150 miles from 

 Zante, in a straight line S. S. E., but farther by navi- 

 vation. It is about 17 miles long, 10 broad, 45 in cir- 

 cuit, and its population amounts to about 10,000 per- 

 sons. Antipaxo lies south-east of Paxo, the Strophades 

 between Zante and Cerigo, and Cerigotto to the east 

 of the latter. 



Almost all the Ionian islands are of irregular figure, Coasts and 

 presenting coasts which are rugged anil of difficult ac- l><"'bours. 

 cess, with several harbours for the most part insecure. 

 Towards the north of Corfu there is a deep bay, with a 

 narrow entrance, called Port Guvine, at the bottom of a 

 great road, which, in the year 1799, contained the Rus- 

 sian and Turkish squadrons. Here it has been propo- 

 sed to establish a naval yard, from the facility with 

 which materials could be brought to it at small ex- 

 pense ; and it is well defended by military posts and 

 batteries. A spacious bay nearly separates Ithaca into 

 two parts. Cephalonia has several ports formed beside 

 its long peninsulas, but some of them are choking up 

 by earth washing down from the hills, together with 

 the sand of the sea. Cerigo is begirt by rocks and 

 shoals, which are sometimes fatal to mariners, and the 

 navigation of the channels separating the islands from 

 each other, or dividing them from the continent, ap- 

 pears difficult and hazardous. 



Some of the islands in the Mediterranean are of vol- Soil and 

 canic origin ; but this is not said to have been the produce, 

 case with those now under consideration. A large 

 portion of them consists of lime-stone. There is a 

 quarry of grey marble in Corfu, and a vein of coal has 

 also been found there. Petrifactions seem numerous, 

 and the islands are penetrated by spacious caverns, 

 where the abundance and diversity of stalactites exhi- 

 bit most fantastic forms, resembling the works of art. 



