/ R E L A N D. 



HUT. genii as, being simply guilty of rebellion, should sur- 



"V"*' render their arms, abjure all unlawful engagement*, 



and take the oath of allegiance. In order that this 



measure might receive the fullest authority and sane- 



lion, an act of amnesty was pasted in favour of all who 



had been engaged in the rebellion, except the leaders 



those who bad been guilty of murder and those who 

 should not comply with the conditions above -specified. 

 From this amnesty were excluded Napper Tandy, and 

 about thirty others who had fled to the continent. Af- 

 terward* the chief leaden of the rebellion were allow. 

 ed to make their terms with government. Seventy, 

 three of them bound themselves to give all the infor- 

 mation in their power respecting the transactions of the 

 I nited Irishmen, so far aa it could be done without 

 naming any individual ; to emigrate into some country 

 agreed upon, from which they were not to pass into 

 any other country at war with Britain, or to return to 

 Ireland. 



lartMm b y It is probable that the disturbance* in Ireland would 

 *.riet>cu. bare been quelled much sooner than they actually 

 were, had net the French invaded that country. The 

 poKcy of the French with respect to Ireland is not ea- 

 Hy understood. It seems a* if they either should not 

 hare invaded it at all, or their invasions should have 

 been better timed, and in much greater force. There 

 is little doubt that, at more than one period, Ireland 

 might have been wrested from Britain, if the French 

 bad landed with 15,000 or 20,000 men, and a Urge 

 supply of arms. The Irish insurgents fought well ; 

 they wanted principally officers and anas ; so that, if 

 the French had supplied these, the fate of the country 

 would probably have been deaded. But to return from 

 this digression. The Irish insurgents had bean lone 

 anxiously expecting assistance from France; at last, 

 whan it was too late, a force of about 900 regular 

 troops commanded by General Humbert, landed at 

 Uala,oothe ttd of August, and. being joined by 

 *ome of the Catholic inhabitants, innnedi*- ' 



debar. Aj soon as Lord Corn wallie , 

 arrival, a force was collected, and marched _ 

 them. General Hutchmson arrived at Caitlebar on the 

 U, and was immediately joined by General Lake, 

 the chief commander on the west. The British troop* 

 were drawn up in an advantageous p^-ft^m between 

 Castlebar and the French, who were aoSrancing towards 

 it. At seven o'clock in the morning of the '^7th, Hum- 

 rt armed wit* about 8OO of hi* own troops, and 1000 



Irian rmuntrv Hi. ,,!.. ... !)__.. , * . 



of two 



to 



261 



rear, at a place called Ballinamuck, a short action took History, 

 place, which tbrtunutely terminated in the surrender of """V 

 the French, and the capture or dispersion of the rebels. FrerjCh 

 The troops of Humbert amounted to 748 privates and ' 



96 officers. 



The French certainly had been disappointed in not 

 receiving assistance from the Irish ; but it is probable 

 that, on the intelligence of their landing, and especial- 

 ly of their success at Castlebar, insurrections would 

 have taken place in many of the adjoining counties, 

 had not the march of Lord Cornwallis intimidated 

 thoae who might be so disposed. Even as it was, rnsurrec- 

 tbere was an insurrection near Granard, the object of tkm$ at 

 which seems to have been to take possession of Cavan, J* rmn * n! > 

 where there were large stores of arms and ammuni- 

 Uon. Previous to this enterprize, however, it was ne- 

 CHMry for them to take Granard ; and in this they 

 were disappointed by the arrival of some yeomanry 

 from Cavan, by whom they were defeated. They af- 

 terwards sustained another defeat, which put an end 

 to the insurrection. The Catholic peasantry of the 

 county of Mayo, who had first risen to assist the French, 

 still continued. in arms, notwithstanding the surrren- 

 der of Humbert. They even attacked Castlebar, but 

 were repulsed. They were afterwards obliged to take 

 refuge in Killala, from which, being stormed by the 

 royal forces, they were driven with great slaughter. 



The French government at last aeeroed a* if they 

 meant to send assistance to Humbert ; and, as a pre- 

 lude to Uu. amttance, a brig arrived near the north. 

 west coast of Donnegal, where it landed it* new supplies. 



*** ***_ .*f}P* r . Nandjr, who had been con- Xtpjxr 

 French service. A* Tandy. 



* V*VII IIIHII) 



Irish peasantry. Hi* only artillery consw 

 *ll guns. The army opposed to him a* 



Sorcely w*. the engagement begu, 

 wben^ the royal army were wued with a pej 



panic and 



'l MX 



royal army _. _ 

 foal, leaving their artillery, which 



pieces of cannon, and their fnHnsa, mem 



Their officers in vain attempted to rally then: They 



il^r.' *?&** ' ? ""* Tu -. "hich they 

 reached that night; and, al one o'clock of the SttlL 



E B V of ?** *** * Athlaoe, having marched 



s " * -- ''- H,r, thty were . r ,Hd !,v th,- 



arrival of the viceroy. 



From Cactlebar, the French, after gaining this most 



nmijHcUd victory, proceeded to the upward, into the 



^ Mt " countr y- w 'l "hat design it is impowible 



..njecture, unje*, from the expectation of being rein. 



fcrced by the peasantry on their inarch. General Uke 



* M 11 flowed to watch their movement*. 



Ix>rd CornwallM, with the chief army moved to. 



wards Carrick, on the Shannon. At length, on 



br the 8th, Geel Lake having come up 



. -as, . MW arivuui wr* irc. /\s 



ooo, hewever, aa be learned the fate of the army of 

 Humbert, be reirobarked. He was afterwards arrest- 

 d at Hamburgh by the British government, tried in 

 Ireland, pleaded guilty, brt wa* pardoned. Another 

 attempt of the French to revive a cause now dull mall 

 wa. eq,uuly unsccefuL A squadron, consisting of 

 one ship of the line, and eight frigates, with troops 

 J ammunition on board, destined for Ireland, was 

 alien in with off the western coast of that island by 

 the squadron of Sir John Borlase Warren, on the 1'Jth 

 >ctober, who captured the ship of the line and three 

 frigates. Afterwards the rest, except two frigates, 

 ere taken. Another squadron of three frigates, with 

 troop, on board, anchored in the bay of Killala on 

 the seme month ; but, on the appearance of 

 some Briti.h ship*, they set sail and escaped. 



w plan of a union between Great Britain and Ire- Mt*ur 

 <l, appei s to have been first proposed by the Irish rnpecting 

 ". n their address to Queen Anne in the years 

 3 and 1 707, but at this time the British cabinet was 

 ?*"*? to '* . Afterwards, when the Irish volunteer* 

 ed the British government to render the Irish par- 

 IiMnent independent of that of Britain, an union wa* 

 ought lor by the British, but it was no longer an ob. 

 ject of desire among any classes of the Irish. The al. 

 roost uninterrupted insurrections by which Ireland waa 

 i.turbed after the commencement of the French revo- 

 lution, seem to hare suggested to the British cabinet 

 ,, . ta ** ut 7 bringing about a union. As it 

 was well known that such a measure, if it came unex- 

 pectedly upon the Irish unprepared for it, and strongly 

 prejudiced against it, would not be carried without 

 creating serious discontent, it was resolved to bring 

 the question before the public in pamphlets, before it 

 n parliament. Accordingly Mr. Cooke, 

 Oder Mcntarv for the civil department, in 1798, 



