IRELAND. 



289 



Account of Ike Quantify of Malt for fiich 

 paid in Ireland, in each of the latt Ten 

 January 1813. 



Yew ending 

 5th January. 



1804 . . 



1805 . . 



1806 . . 



1807 . . 



1808 . . 



1809 . . 



1810 . . 



Duty has been 

 Yeart, to 5th 



Barrel*. 



642,850 

 683,446 

 562,234 

 804,327 

 679,018 

 479,033 



Fbl 



In the south of Ireland, there is some cider made. 

 That made in Clara is of excellent quality : it is manu- 

 factured from the cockagee apple, which grows princi- 

 pally near a town in that county, called Six- mile- Bridge, 

 not far from the sea, and in a part of the country where 

 frost and mow are unknown. 



In conaeooence of wheat en bread teing more gene- 

 rally used than it wa* formerly, flour-mills are more 

 common.' When Mr. Young was in Ireland, between 

 thirty ahd forty years ago, there were no flour-mills to 

 the north of the river Boy ne ; now, there are several. 

 Armagh, Belfast, and Derry, have mills ; but there are 

 none to the north-west of Navan. They are nume- 

 rous, and very large, on the Blackwater, near Navan, 

 some of which grind from 15,000 to 20,000 bamls per 

 annum. Flour-mills abound in the south of Ireland. 



In time* of war, Ireland is distinguished for its ex- 

 tensive dealings in the provision trade. The principal 

 part of this trade is confined to the city of Cork. Dur- 

 ing the last war, the average number of oxen ilaugh- 

 tered was about 10,000, and of cow* 8.OOO. In the 

 time of the American war, the number of bullocks 

 slaughtered in Ireland annually wa* 50,000: last war 

 they were not nearly so many, principally arising from 

 a greater number having been exported alive. In 1807, 

 50,000 hogs were slaughtered in Cork. Bacon and ham* 

 are *altcd, on an extensive scale, at Limerick, ( lon- 

 me'l. and Waterford. One half of the hide* of the cat- 

 tle slaughtered at Cork are exported ; the hoofs are also 

 exported, and made, at Birmingham, into snuff-boxes. 

 The horns are made, in Ireland, into lantern*, comb*, 

 Ac. Glue i* manufactured, at Limerick and Cork, 

 from the ear*, &c. of bulls. A great deal of bone is 

 converted into ivory-black, particularly at Dublin. On 

 the western coast, urge quantities of kelp are made ; it 

 i* used by the Irish bltachm. There are manufactories 

 for making vitriol, muriatic acid, and Glauber'* salts, 

 at I..l,urn, Belfast, and Moyallan. At Dublin, Wa- 

 -id Belfast, there are glaa* manufactories. Su- 

 gar is refined at Dublin jnd Belfast There are salt- 

 srvon ; and Cheshire rock-salt 

 is refined at Waterford. 



ipal fisherie* in 1 Ireland are those of her- 

 ring* and salmon ; the herring* caught off the coast 

 near Galway, are particularly large and fine-: thi* fish 

 m Ireland to Spain, Portugal, Italy, the 

 i Indies. North America, and France. Londonderry, 

 Celenu'n, Dublin, Waterford.Limerir, and Drogheda, are 

 most noted tor producing fine salmon ; but the north .it' 

 Ireland abound? more in thi* fi-h, and tfie fisheries tin-re 

 are more valuable than in any o'hrr part of the king- 

 dom. The salmon fishery on the Bonn, near ( olcrain, 

 i* particularly celebrated. In the year 1760, no leu 

 than 320 ton* were taken in this fishery ; and in a single 

 draught, there were once 8K) fish caught. The mouth 

 of the Flann fares the north ; and hence is well situated 



TOL. XII. PART I. 



for receiving the fish that roam along the coast in search 

 of fresh water. In this river they fish with nets 18 

 score yards long, and are continually drawing night 

 and day, during the whole season ; two sets of 1 6 men 

 each alternately relieving each other. The best fishing 

 is when the tide is coming in. The famous salmon 

 leap, or fishery on the Bann,. lets for 1 000 a year. The 

 mam stream is always left open for the free passage of 

 the fish up the river; but on the 12th of August, the 

 fishery ceases here, (as it does all over Ireland,) and all 

 the other weirs are opened. At this leap, the salmon 

 are caught in a trap of basket-work. The fishery for 

 salmon at Ballyshannon, on the river Erne, is, perhaps, 

 the most productive, after the fisheries oa the Bann : the 

 rent is about 1100. There is also a productive eel 

 fishery here. 



In the south of Ireland, particularly on the Black- 

 water, the mode of fishing is different from that follow- 

 ed in the north ; and is thus described in the statisti- 

 cal survey of Kilkenny : " The country people catch 

 salmon with a snap-net suspended between two cots, 

 which are small boats, flat-bottomed, narrow, equal at 

 both ends, and governed by paddles. Two men are in 

 each boat, one of whom conducts it ; and when the 

 fishers find the net drawn, the boats are closed imme- 

 diately." At almost all the places where salmon are 

 taken, the fish is smoked by means of turf fires, which 

 communicate a pleasant flavour to it, and render the 

 Irish salmon a valuable commodity in many foreign 

 markets. The Carlingford oysters have already been 

 noticed ; the demand for these oysters is so great in 

 Ireland, that none are left for exportation. 



The commerce of Ireland was most unjustly shackled Commerce, 

 till the year 1780 ; and even then was not placed on a 

 fair and equitable footing. The Union, however, has 

 given to this branch of the empire, with respect to 

 commercial privileges, what they ought always to have 

 had. Ireland imports from Great Britain, iron, hops, 

 hot, pepper, tea, pearl-ashes, seeds, tobacco, spices, in- 

 digo, drag*, colours, alum, coals, cotton wool, log. 

 wood, silk, calicoes, earthenware, hardware, beer, su- 

 gar, coffee ; cabinet and upholstery good*, hats, &c. : 

 and export* to Great Britain, corn, hides, horac hair, 

 provisions, butter, whisky, cattle, flax-seed, yarn, tal- 

 low, fie. The trade between France and Ireland is 

 considerable ; from France she imports wines particu- 

 larly, and export* to France, provisions, linen, &c. 

 Portugal sends her wines, particularly their port, and 

 her fruits, &c. and receive* provisions, butter, &c. The 

 trade with Spain consists nearly of the same articles. 

 The commerce between Ireland and the north of Eu- , 



rope i* principally carried on through England. N\ ith 

 North America and the West Indie-, the trade is very 

 extensive. To the former, Ireland *end* her linens 

 principally, and occasionally butter; and receives from 

 it flax-seed, &c. To the West Indies, Ireland sends 

 linens, provisions, Stc. and receive* sugars, &c. 



In further illustration of the commerce of Ireland, 

 we (hall subjoin the two following sets of Tables. The 

 first set exhibiting the export, in different years, of the 

 principal produce, and manufacture* of this country ; 

 and the second the imports and exports generally. 



I. Linen (loth. The annual average quantity of Elport<rf 

 linen cloth exported from Ireland from 1700 to 1750, linen. 

 was not 4,000,000 yards; from 1750 to 1756, 1 1,796,361 

 yards annually ; from 1757 to 1763, 1 ^.'.1 1.M73; from 

 17'H to 1770, 17,776,862 ; from 1770 to 1777, 

 20,25*, 'ASy ; from the year 1756 to 1773, I'ngland wa* 

 the market for nearly <MOths of the whole Irish ex. 

 portation. 



2o 



