K L A 



470 



K L O 



as far as Bassadore, the extreme point of the island. 

 Kislnna formerly contained 300 villages, but not one 

 half of these remajn. Dates, wheat, and barley are 

 produced in sufficient quantify for the subsistence of 

 the inhabitants, and it was formerly the granary of 

 Ormuz. They breed cattle and sheep, and are much 

 occupied in fishing. An independent Arab Sheik, who 

 pays homage to the Imam of Muscat, possesses the 

 island. He resides in the fort of Kishma at the east- 

 ern extremity of the island, but is not able to defend 

 his subjects against the incursions of the tribes on the 

 Arabian coast. The town of Kishma, situated close to 

 the sea opposite the island of Larrek, is surrounded with 

 a wall, and vessels may ride securely in the roads ; but 

 there is a bank which is said to extend nearly two miles 

 from a point southward of the town. The principal 

 places in this island are the -ports of Luft and Khan on 

 the north-west coast, and Mion at the western extre- 

 mity of the island. On approacHing the port of Old 

 Luft, which stands in North Lat. 26 55', the tide 

 falls about 12 feet, the soundings become irregular, 

 and the bottom rocky. The harbour is however safe. 

 On the south coast is an excellent harbour formed by 

 the island of Angar. It is so completely surrounded 

 by the two islands, which are only three miles distant 

 from each other, that a ship can anchor close to either 

 shore at all seasons. A line-of-battle ship may lie within 

 half a mile, and small vessels within an hundred yards of 

 the shore. The island of Angar is uninhabited; but Mr. 

 Macdonald Kinneir observed upon it the ruins of a con- 

 siderable town, and many reservoirs of water. It is co- 

 vered with pits of salt and metallic ores, and also a soft 

 rocky substance resembling lava. The hills are cover, 

 ed with shells of oysters and other fish, and abound in 

 wild goats, rabbits, and partridges. In 1642, the Dutch 

 endeavoured to take this island ; but they failed in the 

 attempt, and were obliged to make their peace with 

 the inhabitants by considerable presents. On the west 

 side of the island, there was a nest of pirates, who were 

 destroyed by the English in 1809. The position of Kish- 

 ma is in East Long. 56 8', and North Lat. 26 57' 30". 

 See Macdonald Kinneir's Geographical Memoir of the 

 Persian Empire, p. 14, 1 5; Milburn's Oriental Commerce, 

 vol. i. p. 130 ; and Morier's Travels in Persia, p. 6. 



KISTNAH, or KRISTNAH. See INDIA, vol. xii. p. 63. 



KLAUSTHALL is a town of Germany, in the prin- 

 cipality of Grubenhagen, and the kingdom of Hano- 

 ver. It contains two churches, an orphan's hospi- 

 tal, a mint for coining money, and a small garrison. 

 The town is open and regularly built, and derives its 

 importance from the mines of the Hartz mountains in 

 its vicinity. It is situated 1374 Paris feet higher than 

 Gottin^en ; and the lowest point of the mine of Ros- 

 chofer is only 248 of these feet below the level of the 

 same town. The richest mines here are the Caroline, 

 which is 630 feet deep ; and the Dorothea, which is 

 612 feet. The Georgestollen is a remarkable conduit, 

 nearly seven miles long, and 930 feet deep. It was 

 begun in 1777 for the purpose of carrying off the sub- 

 terraneous water of the mines. The Caroline mine, 

 in the year 1780, produced every three months 54 

 crowns at each part of the mine, and the Dorothea 

 mine 04. This is a smaller produce than formerly, when 

 the Dorothea mine yielded, in 67 successive quarters, 

 110 crowns. In the year 1735, there were coined at 

 Klausthall every week 600 marks of silver at the rate 

 of 12 crowns the mark, which amounted to 374,000 

 crowns a year. At Ludwiger Rechenhaus is a very cu- 

 rious collection of all the machines either employed in 

 mining, or that have been prepared for that purpose. 



Bosenhof is the Vauxhall of Klausthall and Zellerfeld. Kleis-t. 

 New Klausthall is the smalltown of Gittekle, which Klopstock. 

 has several forges, and is remarkable as^containing > ~^'^~ / 

 the ruins of Stauftenbourg, a chateau builTby Henry 

 Oiseleur ; and also the place called Heinrichswinkel, 

 where Henry was occupied in catching birds when the 

 German deputies came to offer him the imperial crown. 

 Population 8000. An account of the remarkable con 

 duit called Georgestollen will be found in a work by 

 M. Gotthard, written expressly on the subject, and en- 

 titled, Authentisch Besc/ireibiing vom bau det Georges- 

 toUens. Wernigerode, 1801. 



KLEIST, CHRISTIAN EWALD DE, an eminent Ger- 

 man poet, was born at Zeblin in Pomerania, in the 

 year 1715. He studied law at Koningsberg, and af- 

 terwards went to visit his relations in Denmark, at 

 whose desire he endeavoured to obtain a civil appoint- 

 ment ; but his solicitations having proved unsuccessful, 

 he resolved to devote himself to the military profession. 

 Soon afterwards he entered into the Prussian service, 

 and distinguished himself, in several of the great Frede- 

 ric's campaigns, as a brave, enterprising, and accom- 

 plished officer. He attained the rank of major, and 

 terminated his life at the battle of Kunnersdorf, on the 

 12th of August 1759, after performing the most gal- 

 lant exploits. Being attached to the corps of General 

 Fink, he attacked the flank of the Russians, assisted 

 in storming three batteries, and received a wound in 

 the right hand, which obliged him to hold his sword 

 in his left. Having missed the commander of his bat- 

 talion, he immediately put himself at its head, and led 

 on the men, under a heavy fire of cannon, to the attack 

 of the fourth battery. There he was wounded in the 

 left arm, and compelled to carry his sword again in the 

 disabled right hand. As he approached the battery, 

 his right leg was shattered by a grape-shot ; and he 

 fell from his horse with the exclamation, " My lads, 

 don't forsake your king !" As the enemy now rushed 

 forward in great numbers, his body could not be re- 

 moved from the field. Some Cossacks having come up, 

 stripped him naked, and threw him into a'bog. In this 

 situation, he was found by some compassionate Russian 

 soldiers, who laid him on straw before a watch-fire, put a 

 covering over him, and gave him some bread and water. 

 He was again stripped of his covering by the Cossacks, 

 and lay for several hours in a state of nakedness, until 

 a Russian officer ordered him to be carried to Frankfort 

 on the Oder, where he was delivered over to the care 

 of medical men. He died of his wounds 1 1 days after. 



Kleist was well advanced in years before he disco- 

 vered any decided genius for poetry, and his talents 

 were first called forth by an accidental impulse. The 

 productions, however, which afterwards flowed from 

 his pen, have secured for him a distinguished rank 

 among the poets of his country. He attempted variqus 

 kinds of poetry descriptive, lyrical, and epic; but he ex- 

 celled chiefly in the faithful delineation of rural scenes. 

 His most admired poem is that entitled, " The Spring, 

 or Vernal Season," which has been lately translated into 

 English. See Kleist's Sammtliche Werke, with the au- 

 thor's life, by Korte, in 2 vols. 8vo. Berlin, 1803. (z.) 



KLOPSTOCK, FUEDERIC THEOPHILUS, a celebra- 

 ted German poet, was bom at Quedlinburg. in the year 

 1 724. Having received the rudiments f his education 

 at home, he was sent to the public school of Quedlin- 

 burg, where he distinguished himself by his intellec- 

 tual powers, and excelled in bodily exercises. At the 

 age of sixteen, he went to the college of his native 

 place ; where he made great proficiency in his classical 

 studies, and acquired a taste for elegant literature. Hi? 



