L A U 



605 



LAV 



brunser. 



painted glass ; and opposite the pulpit are several 

 seats of finely carved wood, for the members of the 

 council. Within the cathedral are the tombs of Pope 

 Felix I. the Countess Orloff, the Countess Walmoden, 

 and several English. From the top of the tower, 

 which is ascended by 250 steps, there is a fine view 

 of the town, and the lake of Geneva, with the Savoy 

 Alps towering above it. There are other two churches 

 lusanne, namely, that of St. Fran$ois, and St. 

 Laurent, none of which are particukrly handsome. On 

 the north side of the cathedral, and very near it, is 

 the college, or academy, founded in 1537, and endowed 

 from the secularised convents. The academical library, 

 founded in 1 jj<), is in the upper story of the college, 

 and was enriched with the library of M. de Quiros, 

 Spauuh gentleman, who settled in Lausanne in 1750, 

 and was appointed professor of church history. The 

 Maison de Ville, i* a large stone building, with an arcade 

 below, two stories above, and a small spire in front. 



< >n the north of the academy is the chateau, which 

 tin- I'.iiliH, inhabited. It was built at the beginning of 

 the fifteenth century, by the bishop William cic C lial- 

 larit. The chateau, in which the public offices are 

 kept, ha* its upper part built of brick, and the lower 

 part of stone, with four projecting bastions of brick at 

 the angle*. The hospital U a neat building, with two 

 projecting wings. It consists of tiirt e >trics, and is 

 ornamented with Tuscan pilasters. Besides these build- 

 ing* there is a manege, and a charity iehixil. A 1 yceum 

 or school of detign was founded by the cantonal go- 

 vernment in 1808, and was directed by M. Ducroz, 

 celebrated painter, who spent 3'2 years at Rome. 

 There is a good collection of natui.il history and mi- 

 neralogy at the house of Professor Strove, and another 

 bUnging to M. Lardy. The ornithological collection 

 of the late Colonel Uearuine* is placed in the acade- 

 mical library. A society of emulation was established 

 here in lOt. and hat published several interesting 

 memoir*, under the title of ffoticet d'utililc publii/ue. 



ancient Lmtutmnm was situated between the 

 country bouses of Vidi and Dongry, on the great 

 road to Merges, about half a league from Lausanne. 

 Parts of walls, bricks, Roman coins, and a group in 

 bronze, representing a priest preparing a bull for the 

 sacrifice, have been at different times found in this 

 spot. The remains of a Roman road, which went 

 from Vidi to Ouchtr, and Vevay, have also been dis- 

 coverecl. In February 180", there were found in the 

 wood of Vain, not far from Vidi, a subterraneous 

 apartment, filled with arms and medal*, and contain- 

 ing four great amphonr, toe remains of marble columns, 

 iron and copper pen*, silver and copper pins, a bronze 

 itatn* of Diana, and other remains of antiquity. , 



The most interesting promenade* at Lausanne, are 

 that cit Montbenon. at the gate of St. Francois ; the 

 Signal, situated on the top of a high eminence, north 

 of the town, which rom minds a prospect of all the 

 adjacent country, and near which is a beautiful glen, 

 fairly wooded, and highly picturesque, through which 

 nn* a small stream. The view* from the terrace of the 

 cathedral, from the terrace of the house occupied bv 

 m, (now the banking-bouse of M. Dumolin), are 

 very much admired. The population of Lausanne is 

 about bOOO. East Long. 6 45' 30" North Lat. 46'" 3 1 ' 5". 



LAt' TERM. i, or LAUTERBROUNN, is the 



name of a valley and of a village in Switzerland, in the 



Canton of Berne, remarkable fur the beauty and graii- 



scenery. Lauterbrunnen is commonly visited 



by travellers from Berne. The journey from Berne to 



the town of Thun is performed in about 3 hours, and as 

 there is no carriage road along the banks of the lake, 

 travellers sail along the lake to Newhaus, which is ac- 

 complished in less than three hours. The traveller ar- < 

 rives at Interlachen, through Unterseen, in less than an 

 hour, and he generally ascends to a wooden pavilion, on 

 the other side of the Aar, from whicii there is a charm- 

 ing view of Unterseen, the Aar, the lakes of Brienz 

 and Thun, and the mighty summit of the Jungfrau. 

 The journey from Interlachen to the village of Lau- 

 terbrunnen is generally performed in little more than 

 two hours in a charabanc. The road passes through 

 beautiful orchards and rich green fields, and then en- 

 ters the valley of Z weylutschinen, defended on the right 

 hand with magnificent and lofty rocks. The valley soon 

 separates into two, namely, that of Grindelwakl, and 

 that of Lauterbrunnen ; the Black Lutschinen running 

 through the former, and the White Lutschinen through 

 the latter. The valley of Lauterbrunnen is now very 

 narrow, and is flanked on both sides with lofty calca- 

 reous rocks, exhibiting the most extraordinary contor- 

 tions in their stratification, and generally rising to the 

 a of 800 and 900 feet. The rocks of Eisenflur, 

 900 feet high, have a village of the same name on their 

 summit, and are beautifully covered with wood. The 

 singular cylindrical rock of Hunenflue presents at its 

 base horizontal strata, while those above are highly 

 inclined, and in great confusion. 



The view up the valley of Lauterbrunnen from the 

 village is extremely grand. On the right is seen the Stau- 

 bach throwing itself over a rock about 1000 feet high ; 

 and a little farther up, on the same side, the fall of the 

 Spiabach ; beyond which, on the same side, is a mag- 

 nificent bare wall of rock rising to the height of 900 

 feet. In returning in an autumn evening from die fall 

 of the Spisbach, the writer of this article had the good 

 fortune to see the scenery of the valley in all its beauty 

 and grandeur. The deep valley, and its precipitous walls 

 of rock, were almost involved in total darkness, while 

 the red twilight shed a bright hue over the snowy flanks 

 of the Jungfrau, the Breithom, and the Lauterhorn, 

 which appeared through the extreme opening of the val- 

 ley as if they were portions of a different world. This 

 appearance was still more striking at a later hour, when 

 Saturn appeared over the Jungfrau, and when the lights 

 in the cottages seemed like so many stars on the dark 

 declivities of the valley. 



The valley of Lauterbrunnen is about five leagues 

 long, and seldom half a league in width. More than 

 twenty brooks rush over the rocks which enclose it ; 

 and it i- probable, that from this cause it has received 

 its name, which signifies many tprings. The village of 

 Lauterbrunnen is situated 715 left above the lake of 

 'i him, and iii.OO above the sea. See JUNGFRAU. 



LAVA. See VOLCANO. 



LAVATER, JOHN CASPAR, the celebrated writer on 

 physiognomy, was born at Zurich, in Switzerland, on 

 the I Mi of November, 1741. His father, Henry La- 

 vater, was a doctor of medicine, and a member of the 

 government of Zurich ; a man of a most respectable 

 cliar.icU-r, of a sound understanding, and great indus- 

 try, but by no means gifted with any uncommon ta- 

 lents. His mother possessed more genius, a very live- 

 ly imagination, and an insatiable thirst for knowledge 

 of every description. Both his parents were remark- 

 able for their piety. 



In his early youth, Lavater appears to haTe exhibit- 

 ed no indications of superior talents ; on the contrary, 

 his progress in learning was extremely slow. His pa- 

 rents were exceedingly attentive to his education ; but 



Lauiw 

 brunner. 



. II 

 Lavater. 



