M KT ALLURG V. 



73 



When tUiafrhuntof 1 employed, it ii 



first routed by a gentle he - off a* much of 



the iolphur as pouible. Aft. is mixei! 



black flux, ami subjected to heat, cohered with cotn- 

 DOOR !! M in the first pmceaa. 



bismuth obtained by these dirTVri-: t processes con. 



ncral Irj r coWt, provide.! 



were present in the ore ; it sufficiently pure huwever 

 for rnot purposes. 



Attay. 



The aaaay of the art* of biimutb, with the view of 

 ascertaining the quantity of that metal, it performed by 

 MM of nitric 101). The ore i dissolved in thit acid, 

 ed with one-half its weight of water, by the aid 

 of heat To the solution. a large Muatity of water it 

 added, by which oxide of hi.muth is precipitate.) 

 fluid alttr nltrat.on is then evaporated aa far as pos- 

 without camirng the deposition of any of it* 

 nta. Muriatic acWi i then added, and the pre- 

 ci|iimti M dinted in nitric acid. With the solution 



thut uhmiaaJ. Urge quantity of water M mixed, and 

 the oxide of bismuth i thrown down. 



the whole of 



i the tamer 

 which 



i then fined 

 bismuth is procured in the 



if the ore contain ilvrr. the pftcipiUte thrown 



down by muriatic come black on exposure 



to light I'o aapartasai the quantity of this meul pre- 



a the ore, tie residue of the precipitate. after the 



iJ.firjtr.ii in i..i:.. i.i . ii. ,-'. U- wi.l.'.l. r. ! tl . :i i . 

 posed to a ml heat. IOU gr. of it = 75.3 of silver 



the metallic button, obtained by the fusion of 



, by t!.c I :,, : 



will be left. 



I tocupe'.U- 



l:.'.-"l. at: I 





The ttiphsnvt of aatisnony i* the only ore of this 

 metal tH! 



merely by fu.i nually employ - 



ed in toe purify inf the salphuret, two ir.c- 



I it, The ere after being broken, and fired a* much 

 M poMible from Many Mattar, u pot into a large cru- 

 < bU, in the boUoaa of winch there ii a tmall hole. 



. there procead* a Mb*, 

 the 



i i.l- 



furnace in which 



in a rv* r 



mlphnrrt fuses, and runs through 

 reservoir, while the atony w 



*4 The fragment of the 



freed from the earthy ingrsdssata. 

 of a 



'tfennamee through 

 is placed, and ter- 

 heat is applied, the 

 the tube into the 

 tb 



a concial iron vessel, greaaed in the inside, in which 

 it separate* into different layers ; the upper consisting 

 of acortae of alkaline matter, and oxide of antimony ; 

 the lower one of antimony in it* metallic state. 



It lias been recommended by some to deflagrate the 

 nitre and tartar previous to the Milphurvt being mixed 

 .Item ; a* however the ue of the nitre is to aci- 

 . sulpliur, it is best to mix the whole of ti>- 

 substance* together, and then to deflagrate them. In 

 roceas it U necessary to avoid using an excess of 

 Urtar and nitre, otherwise not only the expense U in- 

 creased, but less metal is obtained. The propor- 

 tions above stated are what Lemery found to answer 

 best 



The second method of reducing the sulphuret is by 

 roaitimg. The ore, reduced to small pieces, is placed 

 on the hearth of a reverberatory furnace, and heat i* 

 applied to it, by which the sulphur is consumed, and 

 the antimony is oxidated. In this part of the process 

 it is neceaaary that the beat be at tirrt slight, other- 

 wise the sulphuret runs into cake*. At the Milp'mr 

 is consumed, and thf fu-. uluv 



is brought to a red beat ceases to emit the 



odour of sulphurou j acid, the roasting is stopped, and 

 the oxide i* removed. In this state it still contains a 

 small quantity of sulphuret 



Different method* are followed for prowring the 



metal (ram theoxidc. It is sometimes mixed with one 



half its weight of crude tartar, and exposed to a strong 



heat, in cufered vesarU, by which -n of the 



unites with the carbon of the acid of the tartar ; 



and the metal, in a state affusion, falls t in of 



also formed a compound of the 



antimony with the sulphuret of potassa, which is jjc- 



the union or the alkali of the tartar 

 the sulphur contained in the oxide. The quant 

 metal obtained by this proceaa amounts to a!). 

 per rent of the oxide employed, and 100 of the suU 

 phuret \irlJ about 70 of 



Another mett ; antimony is by melting 



the oxide along with Ut and charcoal. When the mix- 

 in a state of fusion, nitre, in the proportion of 

 about I oa. to the pound, is gradually added. The 

 whole is then poured out, and allowed to cool. By 

 this means more of the metal is procured than by the 



Mctifluf'- 



bein 



aer eing 



..n ..-lir,rt:i 



They are then breughl to the Oaid atate, while the fo- 

 i ieut oa the autmee, and are removed 

 When fluid, the sulph.irrt it poured into 



n the crude antimony the metal it procured 

 ia called asonAaaftea. For this uuipuse parts of 



fmely powdered nilphurrt are mix'ed with 6 of crude 

 tartar, and 3 of nitre, and the mixture is t! 

 m suecasssvw portions mts) a red-hot pot When the 

 arly fille.1 it . - . Arre.l. and a strong heat 

 ia applied to it lor about hah" an hour ; the fused mat- 

 ter is then e-ther allowed to coo!, or it is poured into 



, JUV. rAWT L 



The third method of obtaining antimony is by add- 

 ing some body as a metal, which unites with the sul- 

 Por this purpose iron is always employed. In 

 Mains; the sulphuret in this way, 8 parts of iron, 

 hi small pieces, are heated to whiteness, in a cru. 

 16 parts of coarsely powdered sulphuret are th 

 and the vessel ia covered for a short 

 whole is in fusion. S parts of nitre are gradually thrown 

 in, and the product, after a ah n poured into 



greased cones, which must be gently struck from 

 to time, as the matter consolidates, to cause the metal 

 to fall to the bottom. When the whole bat become 

 1 .ut 10 ports ot antimony are found in the ves- 

 -till retaini iron anil To 



free it from these, it must be again melt* 

 of nitre, and * of sulphur -t be repeated 



twice before the antimony is obtained p< nl8 



of sulphuret 8 of metal arc procured by this process. 



Auay of Ike Sulfhurd. 



Sulphnrrt of antimony, besides sulphur and ai.limn- Assay or 

 py, contains also lead, iron, copper, itony matter, aud lh < "' 



K phuraU*. 



