474 



Orjrtlogno. 



r- 



Meteoric 

 Gas. 



Order II. 

 WATEH. 



Meteoric 

 Waler. 



Sea Water. 



Order III. 

 ACIDS. 



Carbonic 

 Acid. 



Muriatic 

 Acid. 



Sulphuric 

 Acid. 



MINERALOGY. 



GENUS IV. BORACIC ACID. 

 Solid. Sp. Gravity under 3.0. 



1. Scaly. It occurs in scaly crusts. It tastes first oracic 

 sourish, or subacid, then bitter and cooling, and lastly Acid. 

 sweetish. 



Geognostic and geographic situation. It is found on 

 the edges of hot springs, near Sasso, in the territory 

 of Florence, and also in Volcano, one of the Lipari 

 islands. 



GENUS V. ARSEN 1C ACID. 



Solid. Specific gravity above 3. 



1. Octahedral. Cleavage octahedral. Taste sweet- Arsenic 

 ish astringent. Sp. gr. =3.6 3.7. Acid. 



External Characters. Its colours are reddish-white, 

 snow-white, yellowish-white, and miiK-white. It oc- 

 curs massive, in thin crusts, stalactitic, small reniform, 

 and botryoidal ; and frequently in delicate capillary 

 shining crystals, which are scopiformly or stellularly 

 aggregated. Its lustre is shining and silky, and pearly. 

 It is very soft, passing into friable. 



Chemical Character. Is soluble in water. 



Geognaslic and Geographic Situation. It occurs as a 

 secondary formation in veins, as at Andreasberg in the 

 Hartz, where it is accompanied with native arsenic, 

 red silver, galena, and red orpiment. 



OHDER IV. SALTS. 



Solid. Not acid, but subacid. Sp. gr.=. 

 GENUI I. NATRON. 



2. Sulphuretted marsh gni, or sulphuretted hydrogen. 

 Smell of rotten eggs. Taste nauseous and bitter. 

 Hydrogen 6.244. Sulphur 93.756=100, Berzcliits. 

 Geognnslic Situation. It rises from sulphureous 



springs, also from marshy places, and is met with in 

 mines. 



3. Phosphuretted marsh gas, or phosphurctted hy- 

 drogen. 



Smell of putrid fish. Taste bitter. 



Geognostic Situation It rises from marshy, and 



other places where organic substances are in a state of 

 decomposition *. 



GENUS II. METEORIC GAS. 



Without smell or taste. Perfectly respirable. Sp. 

 gr. =0.001. 0.0013 



1. Pure meteoric gas, or atmospheric air. Respira- 

 ble, without smell or taste. 



Geognostic Situation Forms the atmosphere which 

 surrounds the earth. 



ORDER II. WATER. 



Fluid. Tasteless, or with sensible taste and smell- 

 Sp. Gr. =1.11,0269. 



GENUS I. METEORIC WATER. 



Without smell or taste. 



1 . Pure. Without smell or taste. 



This is common rain, river, and spring water. Mi- 

 neral waters are to be considered as accidental varie- 

 ties of pure meteoric water. 



GENUS II. SEA WATER. 



Sensible taste and smell. 



1 . Common. Bitter nauseous taste and disagreeable 

 smell. 



ORDER III. ACIDS. 



If solid, is feebly acid. If the Sp. gr. is = 3 and more 

 it is sweetish astringent. Sp. gr. =0.00153.7- 

 GENUS I. CARBONIC ACID. 



Spiritus Letalis, Plin. Gas Sylvestre, Spiritus Syl- 

 vestris, Paracelsus and Van Helmont. Fixed air, Black. 



Taste acid. Sp. gr. =0.0018. 



1. JEriform. Is gaseous. 



Geognostic and Geographic Situations. It, occurs 

 in considerable quantities in marshy places, rises from 

 certain acidulous waters, and abounds in many caves, 

 as in that of Del Cane near Naples, and of Aubenas in 

 Ardeche. 



GENUS II. MURIATIC ACID. 

 Smell of safron and strong acid taste. Not respirable. 

 Sp. gr. =0.0023. 



1. JEriform. In the gaseous form. 



Geognostic Situation Emanates from volcanoes, 

 &c. 



GENUS III. SULPHURIC ACID. 

 If aeriform the smell is sulphureous, and it is not re- 

 spirable ; if flukl it is strongly acid to the taste. Sp. 

 gr. =0,00251.5. 



1. jEmFouM. Sp. Gr. =0.0025. 



Geognostic situation. It rises from Volcanoes, and 

 sometimes in considerable quantity. 



2. Fluid. Flukl. Sp. gr. =1.4 1.5. 



Geognostic and geographic situations. It is observed 

 trickling from the roofs of caves in jEtna ; near 

 Aix in Savoy, and in various places in Italy. Also in 

 some situations in America, and in the island of Java. 



* Hydrogen gas in a pretty pure state, forms the material of the ptrpctual Jlrei of tome countries, and might here be introduced as a dis- 

 tinct species of march gas. 



Oryctogno. 

 sy. 



Order IV. 

 SALTS 



Cleavage prismatic. Taste sharp and alkaline. H.=. NATOK. 

 Sp.gr. =1.4. 



1. PRISMATIC NATRON. Jameson. 



Prism =129 60? Cleavage not accurately ascer- 

 tained. 



This species is divided into two subspecies, viz. 

 Common natron and radiated natron. 



FIRST SUBSPECIES. 



COMMON NATRON, Jameson. Gemeines 

 Werner. 



Description External Characters. Colours yellow. 

 ish and greyish white; also smoke-grey and cream- 

 yellow. When fresh, it is compact, sometimes gran- 

 ular, sometimes radiated, vitreous and glistening, and 

 more or less translucent: when weathered, it is in 

 loose, dull, opaque parts. 



Chemical Characters * It effervesces with acids. It 

 is easily soluble in water, and its solution colours blue 

 vegetable tinctures green. It is very fusible before 

 the blowpipe. 



Constituent Paris. 



Natron, Common 

 Natron. 



