494 



MINERALOGY. 



Oryctogno- 6. SriNKSTONE, or SwiNESTONE, Jameson. Stinkstein, 

 7- Werner. 



Stinkitone. External Characters. Its colours are white, grey, 

 pitch-black, yellow, and brown. Sometimes dendritic on 

 the surface, or clouded with greyish-black. Occurs mas- 

 sive, disseminated, also in distinct concretions, which 

 are small granular, and concentric lamellar. Internal- 

 ly dull or glimmering. The fracture is sometimes 

 small splintery, sometimes imperfect conchoidal, and 

 fine grained uneven, which passes into earthy, or 

 straight slaty. Fragments are indeterminate angular, 

 or slaty. Opaque, but the cream-yellow varieties are 

 translucent on the edges. Affords a greyish-white co- 

 loured streak, and when rubbed emits a fetid urinous 

 odour. Brittle, and easy frangible. 



Chemical Characters. Nearly the same as in the pre- 

 ceding kind. 



Constituent Parts. 



From Bottendorf. 



Carbonate of lime . 148149-00 



Silica . . 7.00 



Alumina . 5.25 



Oxide of iron . 2.50 



Oxide of manganese 1.00 



Oxide of carbon, and a little bitumen 0.50 

 Lime*, . 1-00 



Sulphur, alkali, salt, water, 3.75170.00 



John,Chem. Laborat. t. ii. s. 242. 

 Grognoilic Situation. This mineral occurs in beds, 

 in secondary limestone, and occasionally alternates 

 with secondary gypsum, and beds of clay. In some 

 places, the strata are quite straight, in others have a 

 zig-zag direction, or are more or less deeply waved, 

 and they are occasionally disposed in a concentric 

 manner like the concentric lamellar concretions 

 of greenstone. Some strata contain angular pieces 

 of stinkstone, which at first sight might be taken 

 for fragments; and even whole beds occur, which 

 are composed throughout of angular portions, ei- 

 ther connected together by means of clay, or imme- 

 diately joined without any basis. These various ap- 

 pearances do not seem to have been occasioned by any 

 mechanical force acting upon the strata after their for- 

 mation, but are rather to be viewed as original varie- 

 ties of structure, which have taken place during the 

 formation of the strata. It has been also met with in 

 beds in shell limestone, and hi the coal formation. 



Geographic Situation. Occurs in the vicinity of 

 NorthBerwick in East Lothian, resting on red sand- 

 stone ; and in the parish of Kirbean in Galloway. On 

 the Continent, it is a frequent rock in Thuringia and 

 Mansfeld. 



Uses. In ancient times, it was used as a medicine 

 in veterinary practice : at present, it is principally em- 

 .ployed as a limestone, and when burnt affords an ex- 

 cellent lime both for mortar and manure. In some 

 districts, as in Thurmgia, it is used as a paving-stone, 

 and also cut into troughs, steps for stairs, door-posts, 

 and other similar purposes. 



Second Kind. 





Prismatic PRISMATIC LUCULLITE, Jameson. Stanglicher Lu- 



J.ucullite. c u llan, John. 



External Characters. Colours greyish-black, pitch- 

 black, smoke-grey, and hair-brown. Occurs massive, 

 in balls, also in distinct concretions, which are stellular 



and scopiform prismatic. External surface sometimes Oryctogno- 

 delicately longitudinally streaked. Externally it is some- y- 

 times dull, sometimes glistening ; internally shining and N "" "V""' 

 splendent, and the lustre is intermediate between vi- 

 treous and resinous. It has threefold cleavage, and the 

 foliaare sometimes curved. The fragments are indetermi- 

 nate angular, sometimes inclining to rhomboidal. It is 

 translucent on the edges, or opaque. Affords a grey, 

 coloured streak. Brittle, and easily frangible. When 

 rubbed, it emits a strongly fetid urinous smell. Spe- 

 cific gravity 2.653, 2.688, 2.703, John. 



Chemical Characters. When pounded and boiled in 

 water, it gives out a hepatic odour, which continues 

 but for a short time. The filtrated water possesses weak 

 alkaline properties, and contains a small quantity of a 

 muriatic and sulphuric salt. It does not appear to be 

 affected by pure alkalies. It dissolves with efferves- 

 cence in nitrous and muriatic acids, and leaves behind 

 a coal-black or brownish-coloured residuum. 



From Stavern in Norway. 

 Constit. Parts. Carbonic acid 41.50 



Lime . 53.37 



Oxide of manganese 0.75 



Oxide of iron 1.25 



Oxide of carbon 1.25 



Sulphur 0.25 



Alumina . 1.25 



Silica . . 1.25 



Alkali, alkaline muri- 

 ate, water, magnesia, 



zirconia . 2.13 100.00 



John, Chem. Laborat. b. ii. s. 246. 

 Geognoslic and Geographic Situations. It occurs in 

 balls, varying from the size of a pea to two feet in dia- 

 meter, in brown dolomite, at Building Hill near Sun- 

 derland. At Stavern in Norway, it appears to occur 

 in transition-rocks ; in alum-slate at Garphy tta in Ne- 

 ricke ; in Greenland ; and in the Russbachthal in Salz- 

 burg. 



Third Kind. 



FOLIATED oil SPARRY LUCULLITE, Jameson. Spa- Fni'atod 

 thiger Lucullan, John. Lucullite. 



External Characters. Colours yellowish, greyish, 

 and greenish-white ; also bluish-grey, and greyish and 

 velvet black. Occurs massive, disseminated, in small 

 granular concretions, and crystallized in acute six-sided 

 pyramids. Internally alternates from glimmering to 

 shining. Fragments generally rhomboidal. Translu- 

 cent, or translucent on the edges. Semi-hard, approach- 

 ing to soft. Brittle, and easily frangible. When rub- 

 bed, it emits an urinous smell. Specific gravity 2.650, 

 John. 



Chemical Characters. They agree with those of the 

 preceding subspecies : in its solution in acids there re- 

 mains a minute black-coloured residuum. 

 Constituent Parts. 



From Moscau. 



Carbonate of Lime, . 96.50 



Carbonate of Manganese, Magnesia, and 



Iron, .... 1-50 



Oxide of Iron, . . 1.00 



Lime, Alumina, Carbon, Silica, & Water, 1.00100.00 



John, Chem. Laborat. b. iii. s. 90. 



Geognoslic and Geographic Situations. It occurs in 



veins, and also in small cotemporaneous masses, in a 



bed of limestone in clay-slate, at Andreasberg in the 



Hartz : in veins of silver-ore in hornblende-slate at 



* We have copied the above analysis from Or, John's work ; yet we do not see how it i possible that 1 part of lime could be discover- 

 ed along with 149 of carbonate of lime. 



