538 



Oryctogno- Geographic Situation. It is found in basalt in diffe- 

 ._y - . rent districts in Scotland, and abunduntly on the con- 

 "*" Y """ tinent. 



SECOND SUBSPECIES. 



Grnulr GRANULAR AUGITE, Jameson Korniger Augit, 



Angite. Werner. 



External Characters. Colour greenish-black. Oc- 

 curs massive, in coarse and small angulo-granular con- 

 cretions. Also crystallized in broad six-sided prisms, 

 bevelled or accumulated on the extremities. Surface 

 rough and glistening. Internally glistening and resi- 

 nous. Fracture uneven. Opaque. 



Geognostic and Geographic Situations. This subspe- 

 cies of augite has been hitherto found only in primitive 

 rocks at Arendal in Norway, in several of the iron- 

 mines, particularly that named Ulve-Grube. 



THIRD SUBSPECIES. 



Conchoidal CONCHOIDAL AuoiTE, Jameton. Muschlicher Augit, 

 Augite. Werner. 



External Characters. Colours black, green, and 

 sometimes even liver-brown. Occurs in imbedded 

 grains. Lustre spendent, and resino-vitreous. Frac- 

 ture imperfect, and flat conchoidal. Translucent on 

 the edges, or translucent. Agrees in its other charac- 

 ters with the foregoing subspecies. 



Geognostic and Geographic Situations. It occurs on- 

 ly in secondary trap-rocks, and is the rarest of the sub- 

 species of this species. The finest specimens, from two 

 to three inches in diameter, are found in the vesicular 

 basalt of Fulda. 



, FOURTH SUBSPECIES. 



Common COMMON AUGITE, Jameson. Gemeiner Augit, Werner. 

 Augite. External Characters. Colours blackish-green and 



velvet-black. Occurs in large and small imbedded 

 grains. Internally its lustre is intermediate between 

 shining and glistening, and is resinous. Fracture 

 coarse, and small-grained uneven. Sometimes inclining 

 to imperfect conchoidal. Translucent on the edges, sel- 

 dom translucent. Its other characters agree with the 

 foliated subspecies. 



Gebgnostic and Geographic Situations. It occurs 

 principally in secondary trap- rocks, as basalt and green- 

 stone, and also in lavas. The secondary trap-rocks of 

 France, Germany, and Britain, and the lavas of Vesu- 

 vius and Iceland, in many cases abound with this mi- 

 neral. 



FIFTH SUBSPECIES. 

 Coccolift. COCCOUTE, Jameson. Kokkolith, Werner. 



External Characters. Colour green. Occurs massive, 

 also in granular concretions. Sometimes crystallized 

 in the same form as the other subspecies. Internally 

 shining, sometimes approaching to glistening, and lus- 

 tre vitreous, inclining to resinous. Fracture uneven. 

 Translucent, or translucent on the edges. 



Geognostic Situation. It occurs in mineral beds sub- 

 ordinate to the primitive trap formation, where it is as- 

 sociated with granular limestone, garnet, and magnetic 

 iron-ore. 



Geographic Situation. It occurs at Arendal in Nor- 

 way; in the iron mines of Hellsta and Assebro in Suder- 

 manland ; and in many places in Nericke, in Sweden 



SIXTH SUBSPECIES. 

 Diop>ide. DIOPSIDE, Jameson. Diopsid, Werner. 



External Characters. Colours greenish- white, green- 

 ish-grey, and pale mountain-green. Occurs massive, 

 disseminated, in lamellar concretions, which sometimes 

 approach to prismatic ; and crystallized in low, oblique 

 four-sided prisms, and also in six and eight-sided 

 prisms. Externally shining, glistening, and pearly ; in- 

 ternally shining and vitreous. Fracture uneven, some- 

 times inclining to imperfect and small conchoidal. 

 Translucent. 



Geognostic and Geographic Situations. It is found in 



MINERALOGY. 



the hill of Ciarmetta in Piedmont ; 



also in the Black Oryctogn 



sy. 



Rock at Mussa, near the town of Ala, in veins, along 

 with epidote or pistacite, and hyacinth-red garnets ; S "^"Y"*" 

 and in the same district, in a vein traversing serpen- 

 tine, along with prehnite, calcareous-spar, and iron- 

 glance or specular iron-ore. 



SEVENTH SUBSPECIES. 

 SAHLITE, Jameson. Sahlit, Werner. Sahlite. 



External Characters Colour green. Occurs mas- 

 sive, and in straight lamellar and coarse granular con- 

 cretions ; also crystallized in four-sided prisms. Inter- 

 nally the lustre of the principal fracture is shining, 

 splendent and vitreous ; that of the cross fracture dull. 

 Fracture unven. Translucent on the edges. 



Geognostic and Geographic Situations. It occurs in 

 the island of Unst in Shetland: in granular limestone 

 in the island of Tiree, one of the Hebrides : in lime- 

 stone in Glen Tilt ; in Rannoch ; in the silver mines 

 of Sala, in Westmanland in Sweden, associated with 

 asbestous actynolite, calcareous-spar, iron-pyrites, and 

 galena ; near Arendal in Norway, along with magnetic 

 iron-ore, common hornblende, calcareous-spar, and 

 seldom with felspar and black mica. Some of the va- 

 rieties of asbestus and actynolite of authors belong to 

 augite, particularly those varieties met with in secon- 

 dary trap rocks. 



2. STRAIGHT-EDGED AUGITE, Jameson. Rechtkan- Straight- 

 tiger Augit, Mohs. edged au- 



Prism = 124> 3<t'. Cleavage indeterminate diagonal. 8 ite - 

 Hardness = 5.06.0. Sp. gr. = 2.73.2. 



This species contains five subspecies, viz. Carinthin, 

 Hornblende, Actynolite, Tremolite, and Asbestus. 



FIRST SUBSPECIES. 

 CARINTHIN, Jameson. Karinthin, Werner. Carinthin, 



External Characters. Colour black. Occurs massive 

 and disseminated ; and the massive varieties in coarse 

 granular concretions. Internally splendent, and lustre 

 resino-vitreous. Fracture conchoidal. Greenish-black 

 varieties are strongly translucent on the edges, but the 

 velvet-black opaque. 



Geognostic and Geographic Situation. It occurs in the 

 Saualpe in Carinthia, in a bed in primitive rock, associa- 

 ted with quartz, kyanite, garnet, and zoisite. 



SECOND SUBSPECIES. 



HORNBLENDE, Jamcsqn. Hornblende, Werner. Hom- 

 This species is divided into three kinds, viz. Common blende. 

 Hornblende, Hornblende-Slate, and Basaltic Hornblende. 



First Kind. COMMON HORNBLENDE, Jameson. Ge- Common 

 meiner Hornblende, Werner. horn- 



External Characters. Colours black and green, blende. 

 Occurs massive, disseminated, and in granular con- 

 cretions. Rarely crystallized in oblique four-sided 

 prisms, and also in six-sided prisms. Internally the 

 lustre is sinning and pearly. Fracture coarse and small 

 grained uneven. Black coloured varieties opaque, but 

 the green generally translucent on the edges. Yields a 

 mountain-green, inclining to a greenish-grey coloured 

 streak. When breathed on or moistened, even when 

 brought from a colder to a warmer place, it yields what 

 is called a bitter smell. 



Chemical Characters. It melts before the blowpipe, 



with violent ebullition, into greyish-black coloured glass. 



Common Hornblende from Nora in Westmanland. 



Const. Parts. Silica, 



Alumina, 

 Lime, 



Magnesia, 



Oxide of Iron, 



Ferruginous manganese, 



Water, 



Trace of Potash, 



12.00 

 11.00 

 2.25 

 50.00 

 0.25 

 0.75 



-93.25 



Klaprolh, Beit. b. v. s. 153 



