556 



MINERALOGY. 



Rhomboid- 

 al iron-ore. 



Specular 

 iron- ore. 



Common 

 specular 

 iron- ore. 



Micaceous 



specular 



iron-ore. 



Red iron- 

 ore. 



Compact 

 red iron, 

 ore. 



2. RHOMBOIDAL IRON-ORE, Jameson. Rhomboed- 

 risches Eisen-erz, Motif. Per Oligiste, Hatty. 



Rhomboid = 85 58'. Cleavage rhomboidal, and 

 parallel with terminal planes of six-sided prisms. Streak 

 red, reddish-brown. Hardness = 5.5 6.5. Sp.gr. 

 = 4.8, 5.2. 



This species is divided into three subspecies, viz. 

 1. Specular Iron-ore, or Iron-glance, 2. Red Iron-ore, 

 3. Red Clay Iron-ore. 



FIRST SUBSPECIES. 

 SPECULAR IHON-OHE, Jam, sou. 

 This Subspecies is divided into two kinds, viz. Com- 

 mon Specular Iron-ore, and Micaceous Specular Iron- 

 ore. 



First Kind. COMMON SPECULAR IRON-ORE, Jameson. 

 Gemeiner Eisenglanz, Werner. 



External Characters. Colour dark steel-grey, which 

 frequently borders on iron-black, and sometimes in- 

 clines to brownish red. Occurs very frequently tar- 

 nished on the external surface. Occurs massive, dis- 

 seminated, in concretions, and also crystallized in rhom- 

 boids and in six-sided pyramids. Internally glistening, 

 but sometimes passes into shining and splendent, and 

 the lustre metallic. Fracture conchoidal. 



From Grengesberget. 



Conslil. Paris Reddish-brown Oxide of iron, 9+-S8 

 Phosphate of Lime, 2.75 



Magnesia, 0.16 



Mineral Oil, 1.25 



Loss by heating, 0.50 



98.9* 

 Hi.iinger, Afhandlingar, iii. p. 32, 33. 



Geognostic and Geographic Situations. Generally 

 occurs in beds, in primitive and secondary rocks ; as in 

 England, and in many mines in the continents of Eu- 

 rope, Asia, and America. 



Uses When it occurs in quantity, it is smelted as 

 an ore of iron, and affords excellent malleable iron. 



Second Jftttrf. MICACEOUS SPECULAR IRON-ORE, Ja- 

 meson Eisenglimmer, Werner. 



External Characters. Colour iron-black. Occurs 

 most commonly massive and disseminated. Internally 

 splendent, which in some varieties passes into shining, 

 and the lustre is metallic. Slightly translucent on the 

 edges ; but translucent in thin plates, and it then ap- 

 pears blood-red. 



Geoonostic and Geographic Situations. Generally 

 occurs in primitive rocks, and it is met with in Scot- 

 land, England, Norway, Germany, &c. 



Uses. It melts better than common specular iron- 

 ore, but requires a greater addition of limestone. The 

 iron which it affords is sometimes cold-short, but is 

 well fitted for cast-ware. 



SECOND SUBSPECIES. 



RED IRON-ORE, Jameson. Rotheisenstein, Werner. 



This species is divided into four kinds, viz. Scaly 

 Red Iron-ore, Ochry Red Iron-ore, Compact Red iron- 

 ore, and Fibrous Red Iron-ore or Red Hematite. Of 

 these the principal kinds are the compact and fibrous. 



COMPACT RED IRON-ORE, Jameson. Dichter Rothei- 

 senstein, Werner. 



External Characters. Colour intermediate between 

 dark steel-grey and blood-red. Occurs most common- 

 ly massive, sometimes also disseminated, specular, with 

 impressions ; and in supposititious crystals. Fracture 

 usually uneven. 



Constituent Parts Oxide of Iron, 70.50 



Oxygen, 29.50100.00 



Bucholz, in Ghelen's Journ. b. iii. s. 158. 



Bed clay 

 iron-ore, or 

 stone. 



Ochry red 

 clay iron 

 ore. 



Geognostic and Geographic Situations. Occurs in Oryctogn. 

 beds and veins in primitive mountains in England, y- 

 Norway, Sweden, Germany, &c. '^^v-*^ 



Uses. It affords good cast and bar-iron. 

 FIBROUS RED IRON-ORE, or RED HEMATITE, Jame- Fibrous re 

 son Rother Glaskopf, Werner. iron-ore. 



External Characters. Colours blood-red and dark 

 steel-grey. Occurs most frequently massive, reniform, 

 botryoidal, stalactitic, and globular ; also in fibrous and 

 lamellar distinct concretions. 



Const. Parts. Oxide of Iron, . 90 



Trace of Oxide of Manganese, 

 Silica, . 2 



Lime, . . 1 



Water, . . 3 95 



Daubuisson, Ann. de Chimie. Sept. 1810, 

 Geognostic and Geographic Situations. These are 

 the same as the preceding. 



Uses. It affords excellent malleable and cast-iron. 



THIRD SUBSPECIES. 



RED CLAY IRON-ORE or STONE, Jameson. 



This subspecies is divided into four kinds, viz. Och- 

 ry Red Clay Iron-ore, Columnar Red Clay Iron-ore, 

 Lenticular Red Clay Iron-ore, and Jaspery Red Clay 

 Iron-ore. 



First Kind. OCHRY RED CLAY IRON-ORE, or RED 

 CHALK, Jameson Roethel, Werner. 



External Characters. Colour brownish-red. Occurs 

 massive. Principal fracture glimmering; cross frac- 

 ture dull. Principal fracture thick slaty ; cross frac- 

 ture fine earthy. Fragments sometimes tabular, and 

 sometimes splintery. 



Geognostic and Geographic Situations. It occurs in 

 thin beds in clay-slate and grey-wacke-slate in Hessia, 

 Thuringia, &c. 



Uses. It is principally used for drawing. The 

 coarser varieties are used by the carpenter, the finer 

 by the painter. 



Second Kind. COLUMNAR RED CLAY IRON-ORE, 

 Jameson. Stanglicher Thoneisenstein, Werner. 



External Characters Colour brownish-red. Occurs 



massive, and in columnar distinct concretions. 



Geognostic and Geographic Situations. It is a rare 

 mineral, and is in general a pseudo- volcanic produc- 

 tion. It is found in Germany and other countries. 



Third Kind. LENTICULAR RED CLAY IRON-ORE, 

 Jameson Linsenformiger Thoneisenstein, Werner. 



External Characters Colours brownish-red and 

 reddish-brown. Occurs massive, and in lenticular con- 

 cretions. 



Geognostic and Geographic Situations It occurs 

 principally in beds in an amygdaloid, subordinate to 

 clay-slate and grey-wacke in Bohemia. 



Fourth Kind. JASPERY RED CLAY IRON-ORE, Jame- 

 son. Jaspisartiger Thoneisenstein, Werner. 



External Characters Colour reddish. brown. Oc- 

 curs massive. Internally feebly glimmering, some- 

 times approaching to glistening. Fracture large and 

 flat conchoidal. 



Geognostic and Geographic Situations. It occurs at 

 Fischau in Austria, where it forms considerable beds 

 in a floetz or secondary formation. 



3. PRISMATIC IRON-ORE, Jameson. Prismatisches 

 Eisen-erz, Molts. Braun Eisenstein, Werner. 



Prismatic. Pyramid unknown. Streak yellowish- 

 brown. Hardness = 5.5. Sp. gr. = 3.8. 4.2. 



This species is divided into four subspecies, Ochry 

 Brown Iron-ore Compact Brown Iron- ore, Fibrous 

 Brown Iron-ore or Brown Hematite, Brown Clay Iron- 

 ore. * Bog Iron ore. 



Columnar 

 red clay, 

 or iron 

 ore. 



Lenticular 

 red clay 

 iron-ore. 



Jaspery red 

 clay iron- 

 ore. 



Prismatic 

 iron-ore. 



