MINERALOGY. 



559 



Or JCtOfc r.o- 

 7- 



Antimoni- 

 al SUver. 



BlIHlTI. 



Liquid ni 

 live mer- 

 cury. 



drain 

 urj. 



Two Subspecies, viz. 1. Antimonial Silver, 2. Ar- 

 senical Silver. 



FIBST SUBSPECIES. 



ANTIMONIAL SILVER, Jameson. Spiesglas Silber, 

 Werner. 



External Characters Colour intermediate between 

 ailver-white and tin-white. Occurs massive, and crys- 

 tallized in oblique four and in six-sided prisms. Inter- 

 nally shining and splendent, with metallic lustre. 



Geognostic and Geographic Situation* It occurs in 

 veins, in primitive and transition rocks, in Germany 

 and France. 



Observations. The oblique prism, if accurately given, 

 would refer this subspecies to the prismatic series. 



SECOND SUBSPECIES. 



ARSENICAL SILVER, Jameson. Arsenik Silber, Werner. 



External Characters. Colour on the fresh surface 

 tin-white, which tarnishes greyish-black. Occurs 

 massive, reniform, and in lamellar concretions. Inter- 

 nally glistening and metallic. Fracture uneven. 



Const. Paris. Arsenic, . 35.00 



Iron, . 44.25 



Silver, . 12.75 



Antimony, . 4.0096.00 



Klr.proth, Beit. b. i. s. 187. 



Geognoilic and Geographic Situations. It occurs in 

 veins in primitive and transition rocks, in Germany 

 and Spain. 



GEM s IV. BISMUTH. 



Tessular. Silver-white, inclining to red. Hardness 

 =2.0, 2.5. Specific gravity=8.5, 9. 



This genus contains one species, viz. Octahedral 

 Bismuth. 



1. OCTAHEDRAL BISMUTH, Jameson. Octaedrisches 

 Wismuth, Mohs. Gediegen Wismuth, Werner, 



Tessular. Cleavage octahedral. 



External Characters. Colour silver-white, which in- 

 clines to red. Seldom massive, generally disseminated, 

 and in leaves having plumosely-streaked surfaces, and 

 crystallized in octahedrons, cubes, and tetrahedrons. In- 

 ternally splendent, and lustre metallic. Malleable. 



Geognostic and Geographic Situations. It occurs in 

 veins in primitive rocks in Cornwall and other countries. 



Uses. It enters as an ingredient into the composi- 

 tion of printing types, and of pewter ; is used as solder, 

 in the construction of mirrors, and for the refining of 

 gold and silver ; its oxide is used as a white pigment, 

 as an essential ingredient in a kind of salve, which js 

 used for giving a black colour to the hair, and as an 

 ingredient in sympathetic ink. All the bismuth of 

 commerce is obtained from Saxony. 



GENUS V. MERCURY. 



Tessular, liquid. Not malleable. White. Hardness 

 =03. Specific gravity=10.5 15. 



This genus contains two species, viz. 1 . Fluid Mer- 

 cury, 2. Dodecahedral Mercury. 



1. LIQUID NATIVE MERCURY, Jameson. Tropfbares 

 Gediegen Quecksilber, Mohs. Gediegen Quecksilbcr, 

 Werner. 



Liquid. Tin-white. Hardness=0. Specific gra- 

 vity =1215. 



'ernal Characters Colour tin-white. Perfectly 

 liquid. Splendent, and lustre metallic. 



Geognostic and Geographic Situations This mineral 

 occurs principally in rocks of the coal formation, and 

 either disseminated, or in veins traversing them, as 

 in Spain and Germany. 



3. DODECAHEDRAL MERCURY*, or NATIVE AMALGAM, 

 Jameson. Natiirliches Amalgam, Werner. 



Tessular. No cleavage. Silver-white. Hardnessr: 

 13. Specific gravity =10.512.5. 



SlLVIR. 



Hexahed- 

 ral Silver. 



Common 



native 



silver. 



External Characters Colour silver-white. Occurs Oryctogno- 

 usually in small roundish portions ; and crystallized in *? 

 rhomboidal dodecahedrons. Internally shining and '""""V"*' 

 metallic. Fracture small-grained uneven. When 

 pressed between the fingers, or cut with a knife, it 

 emits a creaking sound like artificial amalgam. 



Constituent Parts. Mercury 74. 



Silver 2599 



Heyer, in Crell's Annalen, 1790, b. ii. s. 36. 44. 



Geognoslic and Geographic Situations It is general- 

 ly associated with native mercury and cinnabar. It is 

 found at Moschellandsberg in Deux-Ponts ; and, it is 

 said, also at liosenau in Hungary. 



GENUS VI. SILVER. 



Tessular. Malleable. Silver-white. Specific gra- 

 vity=10 10.5 



1. HEXAIIEDRAL SILVER, Jameson. Hexaedrischcs 

 Silber, Mohs. 



Tessular. No cleavage. 



This species is divided into two subspecies, viz. Com- 

 mon Native Silver, and Auriferous Native Silver. 

 FIHST SUBSPECIES. 



COMMON NATIVE SILVER, Jameson. 



External Characters Colour pure silver-white. Sel- 

 dom occurs massive, more frequently disseminated, and 

 in various particular external shapes, or crystallized in 

 cubes, octahedrons, rhomboidal, dodecahedrons, and 

 tetrahedrons. Lustre splendent to glimmering. Frac- 

 ture fine hackly. 



Geognostic and Geographic Situations Occurs in 

 veins in various silver-mines in Europe, Asia, Africa, 

 and America. 



Uses Its various uses, in coinage, and for other 

 useful and ornamental purposes, will be considered in a 

 separate article. 



SECOND SUBSPECIES. 



AURIFEROUS NATIVE SILVER, Jameson. Guldisches- Aurlferout 

 gediegen Silber, Werner. native 



External Characters. Colour intermediate between ilver. 

 brass-yellow and silver-white. 



Constituent Parts. Silver 72.00 



Gold . 28.00100.00 



Fordyce, Phil. Trans. 1779, p. 5'23. 



Geognostic and Geographic Situations. It occurs in 



veins ui primitive rocks at Kongsberg in Norway ; at 



Kauris in Salsburg ; and at Schlangenberg in Siberia. 



GENUS VII. GOLD. 



Tessular. Yellow. Specific gravity = 12 20. 



This genus contains only one species, viz. Hexahed- 

 ral Gold. 



1. HEXAHEDRAL GOLD, Jameson. Hexaedrisches Ge- 

 diegen Gold, Mohs. Gediegen Gold, Werner. 



Tessular. No cleavage. 



External Characters. Colour perfect gold-yellow, 

 which varies in intensity; in some varieties inclines to 

 brass-yellow. Seldom occurs massive, often dissemi- 

 nated, and sometimes crystallized in octahedrons, 

 cubes, rhomboidal dodecahedrons, and tetrahedrons. 

 Internally shining, glistening, and metallic. Fracture 

 hackly. 



Geognoslic and Geographic Situations It occurs in 

 veins, and disseminated in primitive transition and se- 

 condary rocks, abundantly in alluvial deposites, and 

 is not confined to any particular quarter of the globe, 

 being found in Europe, Asia, Africa, and America. 



GENUB VIII. PLATINA. PLATIXA. 



Form unknown. Steel-grey. Sp.gr. = 16 20. 



1. NATIVE PLATINA. Jameson. Gediegen Platin, Native 

 Werner. Piatina. 



In grains and rolled pieces. 



External Characters* Colour very light steel-grey, 



GOLD. 



Hezahed- 

 ral Gold. 



