560 



MINERALOGY. 



Oryctogno. 

 gy. 



IKON. 



Octahedral 

 Iron. 



Terrestrial 

 native iron. 



Meteoric 

 native iron. 



COPPER. 



Octahedral 

 copper. 



ORDER X. 

 PVKITES. 



NICKEL 



TvHITtS. 



Prismatic 



nickel 



pyrites. 



which approaches to silver-white. Occurs in grains 

 and rolled pieces. Roundish. Externally shining, 

 glistening, or glimmering, and lustre metallic. 



Geognostic and Geographic Situations. Occurs prin- 

 cipally in alluvial deposites in South America. 

 GENUS IX. IRON. 



Tessular. Pale steel -grey. Sp. gr. = 7.4 7.8. 



This genus contains one species, viz. Octahedral Iron. 



1. OCTAHEDRAL IRON. Jameson. Octaedrisches 

 Eisen, Mohs. Gediegen Eisen, Werner. 



Tessular. No cleavage. 



This species is divided into two subspecies, viz, Ter- 

 restrial Native Iron, and Meteoric Native Iron. 

 FIRST SUBSPECIES. 



TERRESTRIAL NATIVE IRON, Jameson. Tellureisen, 

 Werner. 



External Characters. Colour steel-grey. Occurs 

 massive, in plates, and in leaves. Internally glistening, 

 and lustre metallic. Fracture hackly. 



Constituent Parts. Iron, . . 92.50 

 Lead, . . 6.00 

 Copper, . 1.50 100.00 

 Klaproth, Beit. b. iv. s. 106. 



Geognoslic and Geographic Situation. It is said to 

 have been found associated with brown ironstone, sparry 

 iron, and heavy-spar, at Kamsclorf in Saxony. 

 SECOND SUBSPECIES. 



METEORIC NATIVE IRON, Jameson. Meteoreisen, 

 Karsten. 



External Characters. Colour pale steel-grey. Oc- 

 curs ramose, imperfect globular, and disseminated in 

 meteoric stones. Internally intermediate between glim- 

 mering and glistening, and lustre metallic. Fracture 

 hackly. Yields a splendent streak. It is flexible, 

 but not elastic. 



Agntn. 



Constituent Paris. Iron, . . 96.5 



Nickel, . 3.5 100.0 



Klaproth, Beit. b. iv. 



Geographic Situation. This subspecies of iron falls 

 from the air in all parts of the world, and appears to 

 be formed in the atmosphere by some process hitherto 

 unknown to us. 



GENUS X. COPPER. 



Tessular. Copper red. Sp. gr. = 8.4- 8 9. 



I. OCTAHEDKAL COPPER, Jameson. Octaedrisches 

 Kupfer, Mohs. Gediegen Kupfer, Werner. 



Tessular. No cleavage. 



External Characters. Colour copper-red. Occurs 

 massive, disseminated, in various particular forms, and 

 crystallized in cubes, octahedrons, and rhomboidal do- 

 decahedrons. Internally glistening, and lustre metal- 

 lic. Fracture hackly. 



Geognoslic and Geographic Situations. -It occurs in 

 veins, and imbedded in various primitive, transition, 

 and secondary rocks ; also in large blocks in alluvial 

 districts in Europe, Asia, Africa, and America. 



ORDKB X. PYRITES. 



Metallic. Hardness = 3.5 6.5. If hardness 4.5, 

 and less, the sp. gr. is less than 5. Sp-. gr. = 4.1 

 7.7- If 5.3 and less, it is yellow, red. 



GENUS I. NICKEL PYRITES, OR COPPER- 

 NICKEL, Jameson. Nickelkies, Mohs. 



Prismatic. Pyramid unknown. Hardness =5 5.5. 

 Sp. gr. =7.57.7. 



This Genus contains one species, viz. Prismatic 

 Nickel Pyrites. 



I. PRISMATIC NICKEL PYRITES, Jameson. Prisma- 

 tischer N'ckelkies, Mohs. Kupfer Nikel, Werner. 



Prismatic. Pyramid unknown. Copper red. 



External Characters. .Colour copper-red. Occurs 

 most frequently massive and disseminated ; seldom in 

 particular external forms, and rarely crystallized in 

 oblique four-sided prisms. Internally alternates from 

 shining to glistening, and lustre metallic. Fracture 

 conchoidal, sometimes passing into uneven. 



Conslit. Parts. It is a compound of Nickel and 

 Arsenic, with accidental intermixtures of cobalt, iron, 

 and sulphur. 



Geognostic and Geographic Situations. It occurs in 

 primitive, transition, and secondary rocks, in Scot- 

 land, and in several different mining districts in Ger- 

 many and Spain. 



GENUS II. ARSENICAL PYRITES. 

 Prismatic. If white, the sp. gr. C.2 and less; if 

 grey, sp. gr. above 6.8. Hardness s= 5 6. Sp. gr. 

 = 5.77.4. 



1. PRISMATIC ARSENICAL PYRITES, Jameson. Pris- 

 matischer Arsenikkies, Mohs. Arsenikkies, Werner. 



Prism unknown. Cleavage unknown. Steel grey. 

 Hardness = 5.05.5. Sp. gr. = 6-9 _ 7.4. 



External Characters. Colour pale steel-grey. Oc- 

 curs massive, and in the form of oblique four-sided 

 prisms. Lustre metallic and shining. 



2. Di-FRisMATrc ARSENICAL PYRITES, Jameson. 



Di-prisraatischer Arsenikkies, Mohs. 



Prismatic. Hardness=5.5 6.0. Sp.gr. =5.7 6.2. 



External Characters. Colour silver-white. Occurs 

 massive, and disseminated ; also in prismatic distinct 

 concretions, and crystallized in oblique four-sided 

 prisms, variously modified by bevelments and trunca- 

 tions. Externally shining or splendent; internally 

 shining, seldom glistening, and lustre metallic. Frac- 

 ture uneven. 



Geognoslic and Geographic Situations. It occurs in 

 primitive, transition, and secondary rocks in Scotland, 

 England, Saxony, Spain, and other countries. 



Use- It is from this ore that the White Oxide of 

 Arsenic is principally obtained, and artificial Orpiment 

 is also prepared from it. A variety named Argentifer- 

 ous contains a portion of silver. 



GENUS III. COBALT-PYRITES. 

 Tessular. Hardness = 5.5. Sp. gr. = 6, 6.6 



1. HEXAHEDRAL COBALT- PYRITES, or SILVER-WHITE 

 COBALT, Jameson. Hexaedrischer Kobalt-Kies Mohs. 

 Glanz Kobold, Werner. 



. Tessular. Cleavage hexahedral and perfect. White, 

 inclining to red. Hardness =5.5. Sp. gr. = 6.1 6'.3. 



External Characters. Colour silver-white, slightly 

 inclining to copper-red. Occurs commonly massive 

 and disseminated ; also crystallized in cubes, octahe- 

 drons, pentagonal dodecahedrons,, and icosuhe( Irons. 

 Internally shining and glistening, and lustre metallic. 

 Fracture conchoidal. 



Geognostic and Geographic Situations.- It occurs in 

 primitive rocks, in Norway, Sweden, and Silesia. 



Use. This is one of the most common species of 

 cobalt, and is that from which the cobalt of commerce 

 is principally obtained. 



2. OCTAHEDRAL COBALT -PYRITES, Jameson. Octae- 

 drischer Cobalt-Kies, Mohs. 



Tessular. Cleavage tes>sular. White, inclining to 

 steel-grey. Hardness = 5. 5. Sp. gr. = 6 6.6. 



External Characters. Colours tin-white, inclining 

 more or less to steel-grey. Occurs massive, in various 

 particular external forms, in radiated and lamellar con- 

 cretions, and crystallized in cubes, octahedrons, and 

 rhomboidal dodecahedrons. Lustre varies, from splen- 

 dent to glimmering, and is metallic. Fracture uneven, 

 and conchoidal. 



5 



Oryctogno- 

 sy. 



ARSENI- 

 CAL PV- 

 KITES. 



Prismatic 

 Arsenical 

 Pyrites. 



Di-prisma- 

 tio Arseni- 

 cal Pyrites. 





COBAL 



PvBIT 



Hexahe- 

 dral cobalt 

 pyrites- 



Octahedral 



cobalt 



pyrites. 



