M O G 



593 



M O L 



t. appearance of the town at a distance is extremely beau- 

 ' titul ; but the streets (which cross each other at right 

 angles) are very narrow, and the houses have few win- 

 dows towards them, so that the interior of the place has 

 * sombre look. The houses of the foreign merchants 

 are*Very spacious, having eight or twelve rooms on a 

 floor, ail opening into a gallery, which goes round the 

 whole inside, forming an area in the centre which is 

 appropriated to the transacting of business and the 

 warehousing of goods. The roofs are flat, and beat 

 down with a composition of lime and small stones, 

 which forms a very durable covering, and serves a* a 

 walk for the family. 



The emperor who founded the town was very desir- 

 ous to render it a flourishing commercial port. To im- 

 press his wishes on the minds of the inhabitants, he 

 commanded his principal officers to bring mortar and 

 (tones, and with his own hands he began to build a 

 wall, which is still to be seen on the rocks to the wr-t- 

 ward of the town. In order also to encourage the mer- 

 chants to eret' al houses, he not only present- 

 i-in with ground, but allowed them to ship pro- 

 due* free - a remuneration for their expense-. 

 Tin .,'jWfver. have so great a repugnance to 

 quit their tent, and such a contempt for the restraints 

 of a town residence, that he was obliged to dr. ft a cer- 

 tain number of persons from the Arab or Bezxebber 

 tribes, as well as from some of the towns, and to com- 

 pel them to settle in his new city. The population now 

 amounts to about 10/XX), and it is the only part of West 

 Barbary which maintains a regular commercial inter- 

 CMf*e with Kurope. It differs from every other port 

 along thit (-.)!-. in this repect, that the inhabitants 

 have no other resource or occupation than commerce, 

 and by it every individual is directly or indirectly up- 

 pi-rted. Tlu- town is in a manner in-ulati-d by sand 

 lull*, which separate it from the cultivated country, and 

 which arc so continually drifting by the incessant high 

 winds of .summer, that scarcely any kind of esculent 

 : tor the supply of the inhabitants. 

 'i IIP fruit* and vegetables are therefore brought from 

 gardens I ur and twelve miles distant; and 

 and poultry from the other tide of tin 



merchant* of ' -upply the 



cs and market i of trie tmpire with Kurope- 

 an goods, receiving in return the product' of tin- coun- 

 try for exportation ; Mini forim ily need to give to the 

 natives credit to a con- .irr.d>le extent, but of late 

 years the Moorish government hat greatly abridged 

 their jxiwer of enforcing pjunent, so that credit is al- 

 most annihilated, ami transformed into barter, which 

 lias curtailed the tr.ide, and confined it aiming ti-mr 

 hand-. The priiu-ip.il imports art York-lure and West 

 country cloths of various colour.-, superfine cloths drug- 

 gets, lint rics, mn-'.in-, Indian blue linens, 

 : tripe I I mli i -dk, velvets, d ima.-k. and raw silk, alum, 



-usj.ir, iron, hardware, gums, spices, tea, pew- 

 .r and plates, white and red lead, c i 

 sheets, thread, mirror-, earthen wire, glas, brass pans 

 and < i-kcttles, Dutch knives, paper, cotton, 



coral and nber beads, wire, cochii.e I. iron n Is, 

 deal*, 'll.ir. ; which, with sevt r. I other articles, 

 mount, d in I8O-1 to the value of L.I 5 1, 450. The 

 principal mo. d-, wnlnut-. ^nni-, wax, 



hide-, olive oil, wool, ostrich-leathers, elephant's teeth, 

 date, rai'itiv . - nw. &. when amounted 



in the -an-.e year, after paxii.g ti. .hi and dutii -, to 



I IIP (lolict ol tiie town i- very strict, and 



house-breaking HOT 



r the city frequently goes the rounds in 

 VOL. xiv. PART n. 



MoMaria. 



person and looks the watchmen in the face, who lie on Mogul 



their sides with their ear to the ground, that they may 



the better hear any noise, and who woul;l be in danger 



of capital punishment if found asleep on their post. 



See Jackson's Account of Morocco. C'ht-nier's Pi-csciit 



State uf the Empire f J/oror v , and Paddock's Nurra* 



tire of lit Sliiiin'rtclc of thr Osicrgo. (q-) 



MOGUL EMPIRE. See INDIA. 



MOISTURE, See HYOKOMLTHV and METEOROLOGY. 



MOLD, a town of Wales in Huntingdonshire, is 

 agreeably situated on the river Alum. It consists of 

 four streets, which are neat and wide. The houses are 

 in general well built. The principal public buildings 

 are the church, the town-hall in which the as-.zes are 

 held, and a large hospital. Great quantities of co.irse 

 woollen cloth were formerly manufactured here ; but 

 the inhabitants are now employed prmc pally in the 

 manufacture of copper and brass articles, and the knit- 

 ting of stockings. The remains of its ancient castle, and 

 some ruins, supposed to be Roman, are the only antiqui- 

 ties of the place. The town contains 700 houses, and 

 423 > inhabitants. See the Beauties of England and 

 ll'uli-*. vol. xvii. p Csy, and Wynne's History <if It 'nles. 



MOLDAVIA, country of Europe, bounded on the 

 north and nort! i and the river Dili 



on the south l>\ n the 



west by \\ .i^it^^j', 



ed from the Carpathian \,\ 

 is computed at v:* 1 > mile-. 



surface is finely diversified with hill- and valleys, with 

 extensive forests and numerous streams, of which the 

 principal are the IVuth, Sireth, Moldau, Danube, and 

 Dniester; and it contains several small lakes. But the 

 cummer heats convert several of the latter to marshes, 

 exhali miasmata. The climate is rigorous 



in wii ' -sive in summer. During six weeks 



the Da: ube is tiu/en ; when the ice is capable of bc.ir- 

 ing the heaviest artillery, and t| e intercourse on land is 

 by me ich rain fall- in 



tummer, a* thuntbMAfrm 



about r, and slight eariliquakts are Ire- 



qticnt. 



Moldavia abounds in minerals. Particles of gold ;ve 

 rolled down by some of the rivers. I-'u-sil salt i.s plenti- 

 ful ; a quantity of nitre is exported ; and the prince of 

 this territory mu-t .-.end '_'j tons of nitre xcuny to Con- 

 stantinople. 



The Turkish navy is supplied with the finest oak from 

 the forests ol Moldavia, and alro with nia-ts and coidaue. 

 of native growth. Wheat, I arlcy.oats, millet, and maize 

 arc in ordinary cultivation ; the u>ual return is sixteen 

 fold, and in favourable seasons twenty five. Vines are 

 planted in nhcltcred situat on- on the declivities of 

 lulls, but the grapes are not allow ed to come to perfec- 

 tion, whence the wine obtained from them is interior, 

 though a great quantity is exported. 



,i numbers of bees are reared bv the Moldavians. 

 Tlie hiveaic lodged in portions of the In 1'owed trunk 

 of a tree, about three feet long, and clo- <pper 



end. Those converted to use are smoked towards the 

 end of October, and those meant to be preserved, are 

 kept in cellars covered with straw during winter. Bees 

 are an article of taxation : The produce ol the tax, in 

 .. amounted to 4000. 



'1 he principal don-e.-tic animals are horses, cattle, 

 sheep and goats; and gri it swine are fed in 



the forests ; the wild animals are wolve-, foxi 

 martins, hares, and oth r-. Aiioiu K),0( martins arc 

 tiken yearly, and nhotit 5 0,iWMi II..FPS in th.g country 

 and Ualiachia, which are chiefly hunted liuring winter. 

 4 p 





