710 



MORAL PHILOSOPHY. 



Moral and leave him nothing to do with the noblest part of 

 Philosophy. n j s creation, which hath been perhaps the worse error 

 '""""V"' of some who have opposed the Calvinists." 



We have only to remark on this passage, that had 

 the ingenious author considered attentively the work of 

 Jonathan Edwards on Free-will, he would not have 

 supposed that the Calvinists hold the doctrine of neces- 

 sity in the unqualified and unguarded sense which 

 could lead to the conclusions which he has stated above. 

 Edwards is a very high Calvinist, yet he not only re- 

 jects the pernicious consequences which are supposed 



to flow from necessity, but shows, with irresistible Moral 



power of argument, that they do not follow from the Philosophy. 



doctrine, when judiciously and consistently explained. ' 



His work, however, seems to be but little known to 



philosophers, probably because it is supposed to be 



more intimately connected with divinity than with phi- 



losophy : it is, however, by far the most profound work 



that has ever been written on the question ; but it is, at 



the same time, exceedingly dry and repulsive ; 'and no 



man need attempt to read it who has not a mind capable 



of being delighted with naked metaphysical truth, (g) 



M O R 



Moral MORAT or MURTEN, is the name of a village and 

 || lake in Switzerland, in the canton of Fribourg, and 

 Moravia. O n the great road from Lausanne to Berne. The town 

 ^""Y"^ is situated on the banks of the lake. Many Roman 

 antiquities are found in the neighbourhood, particular- 

 ly at Monchwyler. In the chateau are six inscriptions 

 which renders it probable that this place was, formerly 

 one of the fauxbourgs of Aventicum. The village is 

 celebrated by the battle of Moral which was fought on 

 the 22d June, 1476, between Charles the Bold, Duke 

 of Burgundy, and the Swiss, who routed and almost 

 destroyed the French army. The bodies of the slaught- 

 ered Burgundians were buried in deep ditches; but 

 four years after the battle, an ossuary, (which has been 

 called the Charnel house of Moral,) 10 feet long, and 

 14 wide, was erected a quarter of a mile from Morat. 

 In 1755, it was repaired by the cantons of Berne and 

 Fribourg ; but it was destroyed by the French army in 

 1798. 



The lake of Morat is two leagues long, half a league 

 wide, and twenty-seven fathoms deep ; and according 

 to De Luc, it is about fifteen feet above the level of the 

 lake of Neufchatel. The river Broie runs from ihe lake 

 of Morat to that of Neufchatel. There are many fish in 

 the lake, and it contains a great number of the highly es- 

 teemed fish, the Silurus Glanis of Linnaeus. See Ebel's 

 Manuel du I'oyageur en Suisse, lom. iii. p. 524, and 

 Coxe's Travels in Switzerland, vol. ii. p. 157, &c. 



MORAVIA is a province of ihe Austrian empire, 

 including Moravia Proper and Austrian Silesia, which 

 has been annexed to it. Moravia Proper contains 8,860 

 square miles, and 1,334,000 inhabitants ; and Auslrian 

 Silesia 1840 square miles, and 347,000 inhabitants. 

 The six circles of Brunn, Olmutz, Hradisch, Prerau, 

 Znaym, and Iglau form- Moravia Proper, while Aus- 

 trian Silesia is divided into the circles of Teschen and 

 Troppau. The following is the population of the 

 principal towns : 



Brunn . 26,000 



11,000 



11,000 



10,000 



8,000 

 7,600 



Teschen 



Znaym 



Cremsier 



Fulneck 



Prerau 



Hradisch 



5,400 

 5,200 

 3,200 

 3,100 

 2,900 

 1,700 



Olmutz . 

 Iglau . 

 Troppau 

 Sternberg 

 Nikolsburg 



Moravia is inlersecled by several ranges of moun- 

 tains, between which are many fertile vallies ; and in 

 the north and south there are well cultivated plains of 

 considerable extent. The principal river is the March, 

 or Morava, which is navigable, and after receiving Ihe 

 Theya runs south, and falls into the Danube above 

 Presburg. 



This province is not famous for its productions. Corn 

 and flax are raised, bul nol in very great quantilies. 

 Hogs and geese are exported to a great extent. Gold 

 and silver mines were once wrought here, but the most 

 productive ones are those of iron and lead. Coal is 

 found in great quantity, but the veins have not been 



M O R 



wrought to a great extent. Fossil remains, a species Moravia 

 of amber, and clay for tobacco pipes, are some of the II 

 other productions of the province. Moray- 



The manufactures of Moravia are considerable. ^_^" re '_^ 

 Woollen, cotton, and linen goods, are made to a great ""Y"" 

 extent. About 40,000 pieces of woollen goods are 

 woven annually in the neighbourhood of Iglau. The 

 number of persons employed in Moravia in the wool- 

 len manufactory is 16,000 in weaving, and 24,000 

 in spinning. Thread is made at Rothwasser, and dye- 

 ing is extensively carried on at Brunn. The cotton 

 works of Lettowitz give employment to 1000 indivi- 

 duals. Leather, paper, potash, and glass, are among 

 the other manufactures of the province. The princi- 

 pal imports are wool, silk, flax, cotton, and oil. 



The inhabitants of Moravia are Germans, Sclavo- 

 nians, and Jews, of whom (here are about 30,000. 



MORAYSHIRE, orMuRRAVSHiRE, or PROVINCE OF Boundaries 

 MOHAY a maritime county in the northern part of and extent. 

 Scotland, bounded on the north by the Moray Firth, 

 on the east and south-east by BanfFshire, on the south 

 and south-west by Inverness-shire, and on the west 

 by Nairnshire and Inverness-shire. It lies between 

 the 57 and 58 of North Latitude ; and the longitude 

 at the mouth of the Spey is 3* 6' West, extending in 

 length from East to West 42 miles, and in breadth 20 

 miles. 



The county of Moray is naturally divided into the up- Divisions, 

 per and champaign districts. 1 st, The low country is 

 a large plain, bounded by the Firth of Moray on the 

 north, and a winding range of mountains on the south, 

 whose length equals that of the whole county, and its 

 breadth, measured at right angles from the mountains 

 to the shore, is from 5 to 12 miles, or mean breadth 7 

 miles. The surface of the low lands is diversified by 

 intervening hills, disposed in short ridges parallel to 

 the Firth, and intersected by the rivers Spey, Lossy, 

 and Findhorn, whose streams wind, at unequal distan- 

 ces, across the plain into the sea. Many of the plains 

 along the banks of the Spey and the Findhorn are re- 

 markable for their beauty and fertility. One-third 

 of the bottoms and sides of the valleys within the range 

 of the mountainous or hilly district, except certain parts 

 adapted for bearing trees, is capable of cultivation. The 

 width and depth of these valleys are proportionate to the 

 largeness of the rivers, and the friability of the soil 

 through which they flow. 



The climate is so mild, that the apricot, nectarine, Climate. 

 and peach ripen sufficiently on a wall in the open air, 

 and gardens are formed, and fruit-trees cultivated, if the 

 length of the lease permits the farmers to make such an 

 arrangement. The most prevailing winds are from the 

 west and north-west, which continue, during the year 

 generally for the space of 260 days, and in the summer 

 the gale is frequently from the south-west, whilst in 

 autumn and winter it is commonly from the north- 



