THE SPRUCE INVESTIGATION. 253 



injured standing ones, is good evidence that under favorable 

 conditions it may prove to be a destructive species. 



It is widely distributed in the State, and apparently occurs 

 wherever the native or cultivated spruces grow in sufficient 

 quantities to attract it. I have found it exceedingly common 

 in felled and injured Norway spruces in Morgantown, and next 

 to the two preceding species is the commonest spruce batk 

 beetle met with in the spruce forests of the State. 



In September, 1892, I found it in abundance in the bark of 

 spruce logs and stumps in the Lauterbrunnen Valley, in the 

 Swiss Alps, and observed that its habits there were the same as 

 in this county. 



EICHHOFF'S S-TOOTHED PINE BARK BEETLE. 1 



This bark beetle which is distinguished by five teeth near 

 the tip of each wing, or declivity, as shown in the illustration, 

 (see pine insects,) is an exceedingly common insect in the pine. 

 I do not know that it has been mentioned by previous writers 

 as infesting the spruce, but I found it, in August, 1890, and 

 July, 1892, in the black spruce of Randolph county, and in 

 July, 1892, in Norway spruce at Morgantown. It was not 

 common in the spruce in 1890, but in 1892, I found it quite 

 common in living trees injured by the destructive pine bark 

 beetle, and from what I have observed of its habits in the pine, 

 it is doubtless capable of attacking healthy trees, and if in suffi- 

 cient numbers, could easily cause their death. At present, 

 however, it is attracted to tops, logs, and stumps of felled trees, 

 and as long as active timber cutting is continued, there is little 

 danger of its attacking the healthy timber. For further infor- 

 mation on this species, see pine report. 



SAY'S PINE BARK BEETLE. 2 



This bark beetle, which was described by Thomas Say as 

 early as 1827, is distinguished by the presence of but four teeth 

 on each side of the declivity or tip of the wing covers. (See 



1 Tomicus cacographus, Lee. 



2 Tomicus pini, Say. 



