THE PINE INVESTIGATION. 329 



There was suitable and abundant material of this kind in the 

 felled trees in lumbering regions, and, during the first season, 

 in the standing trees which succumbed from the effects of pre- 

 vious injuries by the destructive bark beetle, in both of which 

 numerous other surviving species of bark beetles occurred in 

 great numbers. The trees that died from injuries by the de- 

 structive species were not common in 1893, and became rare in 

 1894, and since my observations with reference to the habits of 

 the insects clearly points to the fact that the Clerid prefers to 

 breed in the bark of standing trees to that of logs, or felled 

 timber, 1 fear that the liberated examples have met with 

 some difficulty in establishing themselves, and since no abso- 

 lute evidence 1 of the species having become established in any 

 locality in which they were introduced is had, we cannot say 

 positively that the secondary object has been attained, but I 

 am quite confident that if the pine and spruce timber should 

 commence to. die from the attack of the bark beetles, that the 

 Clerid will make itself known and become common. 



The secret habit of the adult of this Clerid and the close re- 

 semblance of its larvae and pupae to that of our native species 

 of Clerids, together with the wide expanse of the pine and 

 spruce forests of the State, would render it necessary for the 

 species to become quite common before any one would be liable 

 to meet with and recognize a single example. Therefore, while 

 we have no absolute evidence that it is established in this 

 country, the fact that it has not been frequently met with, is 

 bat little evidence that it is not established or even quite com- 

 mon in favorable localities. Time and subsequent events alone 

 will prove whether or not any good will come from the intro- 

 duction. 



At any rate, the investigations made possible through the 

 liberal contributions by the owners of the threatened timber, 

 towards the expenses of the trip to Europe, both in the study 

 of natural enemies of European bark beetles and the forest 



1 I have been informed by parties both in the pine and spruce forests, who assisted 

 in placing the first and subsequent colonies and were familiar with the distinctive 

 character of the insect, that they ha.d observed adults of the species the ijext season, 

 after they were liberated. 



