WEST VIRGINIA EXPERIMENT STATION. 



occurred on the surface, showing that the tree had been attack- 

 ed by this species, evidently in 1892, and that the vitality of 

 the tree had thus been weakened. The turpentine bark beetle, 

 Dendroctonus terebrans, had attacked and bred in the bark at 

 the base of the tree in 1893, and Tomicus pini had attacked 

 the top early in the spring of 1894. Tomicus calligraphus had 

 attacked the remaining portion of the trunk during the sum- 

 mer, thus, we had here a typical example of what was expect- 

 ed to happen to all of the living trees, when in the spring, 1893, 

 I found that the destructive bark beetle was dead and the tur- 

 pentine bark beetle was attacking the living trees, and several 

 species of Tomicus and other bark and timber beetles were also 

 abundant. Why more of the living timber was not attacked 

 may, perhaps,be explained by the fact that the great quantities 

 of timber felled in lumbering regions had attracted the beetles 

 away from the living timber, the tops and logs and stumps of- 

 fering more favorable opportunities for them to breed than did 

 the living trees. The trees on Anthony creek, however, indi- 

 cated what might have occurred under different circumstances. 

 No timber was being felled in the immediate locality which in 

 part would explain the cause of the attack on this and other 

 injured trees. A few other trees were found in the same local- 

 ity, but since they were surrounded by trees that had died in 

 1891-2, it was evident that they had been injured when the 

 other trees were invaded by the destructive bark beetle. 



Some of the white pine trees that had died in 1891 were ex- 

 amined, and while the sap wood was found to be decaying and 

 worthless, the heart wood was sound and clear, and with the 

 exception of a few worm holes, would have made a very good 

 grade of lumber. 



Further examination of the white pine, as well as the scrub, 

 pitch and yellow pine in this section, showed that very little 

 timber was dying. 



During my return by rail to Morgantown, bv the way of 

 Washington, D. C., Cumberland, Md., and Connelsville, Pa., I 

 had a good opportunity of observing the general conditions of 

 the pine on the hills and mountain sides visible from the car 



