288 MAINE AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. 1909. 



itself. Fitch's comments on pinifolia, however, are distinctive enough 

 so that with his species in hand it no longer seems "singular" and 

 "unfortunate" that he described pinifolice as distinct from pinicorticis, 

 but rather singularly interesting that this species had not been redis- 

 covered long ago. 



To see that Fitch's much discussed description of the wing of 

 p'inifolue agrees with fig. 108 it is only necessary to translate it to mod- 

 ern parlance "The rib vein (Rs) runs straight to the outer margin for- 

 ward (proximad) of the tip, it gives off from its middle on the outer 

 side a very oblique branch (Sc) which runs to the outer (costal) mar- 

 gin, its tip producing a slight angular projection* to the edge of the 

 wing, and the whole space (stigma) on the outer side of the rib vein 

 (Rs) beyond this branch (Sc) is more opake than the rest of the wing 

 and of a smoky yellowish color. From its inner side the rib vein (Rs) 

 sends off three simple oblique veins, the last one (M) of which ends in 

 the extreme tip of the wing. The hind wings have an angular point 

 (for hooks) on their outer side (costal) beyond the middle, and a longi- 

 tudinal rib-vein (Rs) which forward (proximad) of its middle sends 

 off a branch (M) almost transversely inward (caudad) with its tip 

 curved backward (distad)." 



1858. Chermes pinifoliae Fitch. Trans. N. Y. St. Agr. Soc. 



for 1857, Vol. 17, 1858, p. 741. Republished in ^th 



Rep. Ins. of N. Y. 1859 p. 55. 



Description of winged form. 

 1862. B. D. Walsh. On the Genera of Aphididae Found in 



the U. S. Species listed only. 

 1869. Henry Shimer. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., Vol. 2, p. 384. 



Winged forms of pinicorticis mistaken for pinifoliae. 

 1879. Cyrus Thomas. Eighth Rep. St. Ent. of III., p. 156. 



Quotes Fitch's description. 

 1 88 1. A. S. Packard. Insects Injurious to Forest and Shade 



Trees, p. 118. From Fitch. 



1884. Herbert Osborn. Bulletin No. 2. Iowa St. Agr. Coll. 

 Dept. of Ent. Follows Shimer 's error in considering 

 winged pinicorticis to be pinifoliae. 



1885. J. A. Lintner. 2nd Rep. St. Ent. of N. Y., p. 180-187. 

 Follows Shimer 's error in considering winged pinicor- 

 ticis to be pinifoliae. 



1890. A. S. Packard'. Fifth Kept. V. S. Ent. Comm. p. 805. 

 Fitch's description quoted, without comment. 



* See page 286 for comment. 



