LIFE HISTORIES OF FROGHOPPERS OF MAINE. 277 



Hopper dozer treatment immediately after haying to catch 

 recently developed adults, would probably be the best time for 

 use of this measure. 



The hopper dozer method consists in the use of a strip of 

 sheet iron, ten or fifteen feet in length, coated with coal tar or 

 tanglefoot, and drawn over the surface of the grass land with 

 about the rate of a rapid walk. Its success depends upon the 

 fact that the hoppers when disturbed jump up a few inches 

 from the grass and this means that they will usually fall back 

 upon the sticky surface and be caught. The tar or tanglefoot 

 must be replaced as often as it becomes so loaded with insects 

 as to permit them to escape. 



Early mowing would probably reduce the number materially 

 and where the insects are abundant the gain in later growth 

 would probably compensate for loss in quantity of crop. A 

 trial of this was attempted, but circumstances delayed the first 

 mowing till the bulk of insects were ready to become adult, so 

 no conclusive results were secured. 



That such mowing would be of service is indicated by the 

 entire absence of these insects on lawns where early and fre- 

 quent mowing is the practice. 



ANGULATED FROGHOPPER. 



(Lefiyronia quadrangular is Say.) 



This species is not an abundant one in Maine, and apparently 

 has no particular economic importance, but since it resembles 

 the common meadow f roghoppers it is desirable to show its dis- 

 tinctive characters. 



It has not been observed, except in the latter part of the sea- 

 son, and so far as present evidence shows, there is a much 

 belated single brood in the latitude of Orono, the larvae of 

 which develop during August, the adults being present during 

 late August and through Sept. 



Nymphs were first collected Aug I4th and included three 

 well marked stages, representing evidently different instars and 

 probably the second, third and fifth if the full series includes 

 five instars. Adults appeared in the fields on the i8th, and a 

 reared specimen was secured on the I7th from the nymphs col- 

 lected on the 1 4th. 



