together should decrease the flow of blood. In case blood still flows 

 freely, you may have to make a compress by wrapping a piece of wood 

 or a smooth flat stone in clean cloth and applying it with considerable 

 pressure over the wound. This pressure may be applied by hand or a 

 very loose narrow bandage may be put around the part, loose enough 

 so that a small stick or pencil may be twisted in the bandage to tighten 

 it. Sometimes if the wound is on the extremities a bandage that can be 

 twisted tight in the above manner is arranged between the wound (on 

 the arm or the leg) and the body. 



But if a bandage on an arm or leg has to be twisted very tight to 

 stop the flow of blood, as might be the case if an artery has been 

 opened, the entire circulation in that limb is stopped. In that case it is 

 necessary to loosen up this bandage once every hour. If blood still 

 flows from the wound exert some pressure directly on the compress 

 with the hand for a few moments until circulation has been somewhat 

 restored in the limb, then tighten the bandage again by twisting. Above 

 all things, keep the injured member absolutely quiet. In case of bleed- 

 ing from a limb, benefit will be derived from keeping the limb elevated, 

 since naturally the flow of blood will be diminished by such a position. 

 In case of a wound having more than one opening, such as a bullet hole 

 through an arm or a leg, it is necessary in bandaging to put a compress 

 over each hole or wound. If any washing away of blood from the 

 wound seems necessary dilute in the water some standard antiseptic 

 solution. An antiseptic of some sort should form a part of every 

 emergency or medicine kit. A solution of carbolic acid may be used, 

 taking one part acid to twenty-five parts water. Then shake well 

 before using. 



Burns. 



Air should be kept from burns. Dress the injured part with vase- 

 line, cold cream, olive oil or any fat that is not rancid. Soft cloths 

 spread with any of these ointments can be laid on the burn for a dress- 

 ing. Do not try to pick the blisters formed on the surface of the burn. 

 If there is much pain in the burned surface, it can be relieved by dis- 

 solving a tablespoonful of baking soda in a pint of water and applying 

 this by means of soft cloths. These cloths should be wet frequently 

 in order to prevent their drying and sticking to the burned surface. 



Frost Bite. 



Do not bring a person with frost bite or frozen limbs near the fire. 

 Rub with the hands or with flannels. Give stimulants in small quan- 

 tities, hot tea or coffee. A frozen limb may be rubbed with snow, or 

 with cloths wet with cold water. Or the limb may be put in cold water. 



Poison. 



In case of poisoning the first thing to do is to empty the stomach. 

 To do this give a cup of warm water in which a teaspoonful of ground 

 dry mustard has been mixed. If this does not produce vomiting, follow 



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