40 CONIFERS AND TAXADS OF JAPAN 



weaker shoots are very distinctly glandular-pubescent, more especially so between 

 the pulvini. The winter-buds are conical, shining brown, resinous, and swollen at 

 the base, which appears as if imbedded in the apex of the shoot. The leaves are 

 crowded on the shoots and point upward and forward; they are dark green or 

 often somewhat glaucous, stout, slightly curved or straight, 0.7 to 1.3 cm. long, ob- 

 lique and acute or obtuse at the apex, 4-angled in section, with lines of stomata on 

 all four faces. The cone is cylindrical, from 4 to 10 cm. long and averages much 

 longer than stated (3 to 6 cm.) by Shirasawa; when growing it is pale green and 

 changes to shining pale brown when ripe; the cone-scales are very firm, broad, 

 rounded and finely denticulate. The wood is white, slightly resinous and of the 

 ordinary quality of that of other Spruces. The tree is too rare to be of eco- 

 nomic value and, indeed, it would be vandalism to cut it down for any purpose. 

 It is to be hoped that the Government Forestry service will have the grove set 

 aside as a preserve and cut a wide fire barrier round it. At present it is in 

 danger of extermination. The Japanese name for this Spruce is Yatsuga-dake- 

 tohi. It is a shapely and a decidedly ornamental tree, and with its dense branching 

 habit and dark green leaves it presents a black appearance from the near distance. 

 I secured seeds in 1914, and a nice stock of young seedlings is growing in this Arbo- 

 retum, but it is too early to say anything about their hardiness. Whether P. Koya- 

 mai is confined to Japan or grows also on the mainland cannot yet be decided. Mate- 

 rial collected by W. Purdom in the Weichang, and near Jehol in southwestern 

 Mandshuria, which Rehder & Wilson (in Sargent, PL Wilson. II. 29 [1914]) re- 

 fer to P. Schrenkiana Fisch. & Mey., is very similar in every way to P. Koya- 

 mai collected by me. The specific and geographic limits of P. Schrenkiana and 

 P. obovata Ledeb. require fuller investigation in the field. It is by no means certain 

 that the trees growing in extreme eastern continental Asia, Korea and Mand- 

 shuria, and referred by different authors to one or other of the above species really 

 belong to either, but until more is known about the conifers of Korea it is idle to 

 speculate on this subject. From other Japanese species P. Koyamai is abundantly 

 distinct and in all probability the name will stand even if it is found to grow on the 

 mainland and to have been confused with other species. 



PICEA GLEHNII Mast. 



PLATES XXV AND XXVI 



PICEA GLEHNII Masters in Gard. Chron. n. ser. XIII. 300, fig. 54 (1880) ; in Jour. 

 Linn. Soc. XVIII. 512, fig. 13 (1881). Mayr, Monog. Abiet. Jap. 56, t. 4, fig. 11 

 (1890). Sargent, Forest Fl. Jap. 80 (1894); Silva N. Am. XII. 21 (1898).- 

 Kent in Veitch, Man. Conif. ed. 2, 437 (1900). Matsumura, Ind. PI. Jap. II. pt. 

 1, 12 (1905). Shirasawa, Icon. Ess. For. Jap. II. t. 3, fig. 19-42 (1908). Elwes 

 & Henry, Trees Gr. Brit. & Irel. VI. 1369 (1912). Miyabe & Miyake, Fl. Saghal. 

 597 (1915). 



Abies Glehni Fr. Schmidt in Mem. Acad. Sci. St. Petersbourg, ser. 7, XII. no. 2, 176, 



t. 4, fig. 8-12 (Reis. Amur. SachaL') (1868). 

 Pinus glehnii Voss in Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. XVI. 93 (1907). 



Near Rubeshibe in Kitami province, Hokkaido, I saw a few trees of this Spruce 

 and in forests about 10 miles from Oketo in the same province I found it to be fairly 

 common. The forestry officers told me that in more remote parts of Kitami and 



